Atrial Heterogeneous Autonomic Neural Remodeling in Rabbits with Experimental Atrial Fibrillation and the Effect of Intervention by Rosuvastatin

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 598-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEI ZHANG ◽  
XIMIN WANG ◽  
ZHAN LI ◽  
WEIZONG WANG ◽  
YONG ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Neural Remodeling

scholarly journals Effects of Renal Denervation via Renal Artery Adventitial Cryoablation on Atrial Fibrillation and Cardiac Neural Remodeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Zhaolei Jiang ◽  
Rongxin Lu ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Nan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Denervation ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Neural Remodeling ◽  
Renal Sympathetic

Introduction. Catheter-based renal denervation (RDN) could reduce cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and inhibit atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the reliability is uncertain, because the renal sympathetic nerves are mainly distributed in the adventitial surface of the renal artery. Objective. The aims of this study were to test the hypothesis that renal artery adventitial ablation (RAAA) definitely had the effects of RDN and to study the effects of RDN via renal artery adventitial cryoablation (RAAC) on AF and cardiac neural remodeling. Methods. Twenty beagle canines were randomly assigned to two groups: the left RDN group (LRDN, n=10), which underwent left RDN via RAAC; the Sham group (n=10). After 2 months of postoperative recovery, AF vulnerability, AF duration, and histological examination were performed in both groups. Results. Compared with the Sham group, left stellate ganglion (LSG) tissue fibrosis was increased in the LRDN group. LRDN significantly increased the percentage of TH-negative ganglionic cells and decreased the density of TH-positive nerves in the LSG (P<0.001). Also, the densities of TH-positive nerves and GAP43 immunoreactivity within the left atrium (LA) were significantly decreased in the LRDN group (P<0.05). After LA burst pacing, all 10 canines (100%) could be induced AF in the Sham group, but only 4 of 10 canines (40%) could be induced AF in the LRDN group (P=0.011). The percentage of LA burst stimulation with induced AF was 26.7% (8/30) in the LRDN group, which was significantly decreased compared with that of the Sham group (53.3%, 16/30) (P=0.035). In addition, AF duration was also significantly decreased in the LRDN group (13.3 ± 5.1 s) compared with that of the Sham group (20.3 ± 7.3 s, P=0.024). Conclusions. RDN via RAAC could cause cardiac neural remodeling and effectively inhibit AF inducibility and shorten AF duration. It may be useful in selecting therapeutic approaches for AF patients.

Transcriptome Analysis of Canine Cardiac Fat Pads: Involvement of Two Novel Long Non-Coding RNAs in Atrial Fibrillation Neural Remodeling

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizong Wang ◽  
Ximin Wang ◽  
Yujiao Zhang ◽  
Zhan Li ◽  
Xinxing Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Neural Remodeling ◽  
Fat Pads

scholarly journals Enhanced atrial internal-external neural remodeling facilitates atrial fibrillation in the chronic obstructive sleep apnea model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247308
Author(s):  
Jiasuoer Xiaokereti ◽  
Yan-Kai Guo ◽  
Zhen-Yu Dong ◽  
Mei Ma ◽  
Yan-Mei Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Neural Remodeling ◽  
Frequency Power

Objective Autonomic imbalance plays a crucial role in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) associated atrial fibrillation (AF). Here, we investigated the potential neural mechanism of AF induced by OSA. Methods Ten dogs were divided into control group (n = 5) and OSA group (n = 5). The chronic OSA model was established by repeat apnea-ventilation cycles for 4 hours a day for 12 weeks. During the process of model establishment, arterial blood gases, atrial effective refractory period (AERP), AF inducibility, normalized low-frequency power (LFnu), normalized high-frequency power (HFnu), and LFnu/ HFnu were evaluated at baseline, 4th week, 8th week, and 12th week. Nerve activities of left stellate ganglion (LSG) and left vagal nerve(LVN) were recorded. Tyrosine hydroxylase(TH), choline acetyltransferase(CHAT), PGP9.5, nerve growth factor(NGF), and c-Fos were detected in the left atrium, LSG, and LVN by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Moreover, high-frequency stimulations of LSG and LVN were conducted to observe the AF inducibility. Results Compared with the control group, the OSA group showed significantly enhanced neural activity of the LSG, increased AF inducibility, and shortened AERP. LFnu and LFnu/HFnu were markedly increased in the OSA group, while no significant difference in HFnu was observed. TH-positive and PGP9.5-positive nerve densities were significantly increased in the LSG and left atrium. Additionally, the protein levels of NGF, c-Fos, and PGP9.5 were upregulated both in the LSG and left atrium. AF inducibility was markedly increased under LSG stimulation without a stimulus threshold change in the OSA group. Conclusions OSA significantly enhanced LSG and left atrial neural remodeling, and hyperactivity of LSG may accelerate left atrial neural remodeling to increase AF inducibility.

Continuous vagal nerve stimulation affects atrial neural remodeling and reduces atrial fibrillation inducibility in rabbits

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Zhaolei Jiang ◽  
Yi He ◽  
Fang-Bao Ding ◽  
Shi-Ao Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagal Nerve ◽  
Vagal Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Neural Remodeling

Coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation: a vicious cycle

2021 ◽  
Vol 320 (1) ◽  
pp. H1-H12
Author(s):  
Feng Liang ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Rhythm Control ◽  
Vicious Cycle ◽  
Ectopic Activity ◽  
Antithrombotic Treatment ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Many ◽  
Neural Remodeling

The population suffering from coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated by atrial fibrillation (AF) is rising rapidly. A strong correlation between the two diseases has been reported, and the many common risk factors they share may play prominent roles in their development. In addition, CHD can directly promote the progression of AF by affecting reentry formation, focal ectopic activity, and neural remodeling. At the same time, AF also affects CHD through three aspects: 1) atherosclerosis, 2) the mismatch of blood supply and oxygen consumption, and 3) thrombosis. In conclusion, CHD and AF can aggravate each other and seem to form a vicious cycle. For patients with CHD complicated by AF, principal studies and guidelines have focused on antithrombotic treatment and rhythm control, which are paramount for these patients. Of note, our review sheds light on the strategies to break the cycle of the two diseases, which may be fundamental to treat these patients and optimize the benefit.

scholarly journals Effects and Mechanisms of Cutting Upper Thoracic Sympathetic Trunk on Ventricular Rate in Ambulatory Canines with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jie Cai ◽  
Min Tang ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Shiao Ding ◽  
Rongxin Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Persistent Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ventricular Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Thoracic ◽  
Neural Remodeling ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective. The purpose is to observe the effects and neural mechanism of cutting upper thoracic sympathetic trunk (TST) on the ventricular rate (VR) during persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods. Twelve beagle dogs were halving to the control group and experimental group, 6 dogs for each group. Both groups were performed with left atrial rapid pacing (600 beats/min) to induce sustained AF. The experimental group underwent cutting upper TST  after a sustained AF model was established, while the control group received thoracotomy without cutting TST. Bilateral stellate ganglion (SG) and left atrial myocardium were harvested for tyrosine-hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemical staining. Results. After cutting upper TST for 30 minutes, the average VR was 121.5 ± 8.7 bpm (95% CI, 114.8 to 128.0) in the experimental group, which was significantly slower than that of the control group (144.5 ± 4.2 bpm (95% CI, 141.5 to 148.0)) ( P < 0.001 ). After cutting upper TST for 1 month, the average VR of the experimental group (106.5 ± 4.9 bpm (95% CI, 102.0 to 110.0)) was also significantly slower versus that of the control group (139.2 ± 5.6 bpm (95% CI, 135.0 to 143.8)) ( P < 0.001 ). Compared with the control group, both left stellate ganglion (LSG) and right stellate ganglion (RSG) of the experimental group caused neural remodeling characterized by decreased ganglionic cell density and reduced TH staining. TH-positive component was significantly decreased in the left atrium of the experimental group compared with the control group. Conclusions. Cutting upper TST could reduce fast VR during persistent AF. Cutting upper TST induced bilateral SG neural remodeling and reduced sympathetic nerve density in the left atrium, which could contribute to the underlying mechanism of VR control during AF.

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