Signatures of nutrient limitation and co-limitation: responses of autotroph internal nutrient concentrations to nitrogen and phosphorus additions

The HUMBOLDT-LSMbio component is an expansion of the LPJ-GUESS dynamic vegetation model , including local diversity of plant traits and an organic matter module representing the Nitrogen and Phosphorus cycles. In the new trait variation module the initial full range of possible traits is filtered along the altitudinal gradient with the aim to predict the trait distribution of communities observed in the field. The model was parameterized using local trait data per species collected by field campaigns along the whole altitudinal gradient, considering the leaf and wood economics spectrum and tissue nutrient concentrations, and locally measured N and P flux data, in which we were able to use deposition and weathering rates, as well as soil organic and mineral layer nutrient concentrations. In order to evaluate the model with regards to nutrient limitation, the simulation experiment was designed with the NUMEX nutrient manipulation experiment in mind, meaning that the reference nutrient limited community was compared to simulations in which N or/and P limitations were deactivated (i.e. plants could grow independent of their N or P demands being met). Results in NUMEX suggested that the removal of nutrient limitation would produce more biotically homogenous communites, and taller trees with higher productivity and more allocation to belowground biomass.Our results indicate that including trait diversity and nutrient limitation provide a significant improvement in relation to ecosystem representation especially at higher elevations. Deactivation of nutrient limitation suggests reduced community trait differentiation along the elevation gradient (e.g. specific leaf area), and increased productivity (i.e. Carbon and NPP values). Deactivation of trait diversity impels plant survival at higher altitudes. Significant model improvements are expected in the future with further field trait measurements from the RESPECT subprojects, and the inclusion of other significant processes such as leaf herbivory, seed dispersal and of course the coupled model runs with LSMatmo and LSMhydro.

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Unifying Nutrient–Chlorophyll Relationships in Lakes

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f89-153 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 46 (7) ◽

pp. 1176-1182 ◽

Cited By ~ 125

Author(s):

Yves T. Prairie ◽

Carlos M. Duarte ◽

Jacob Kalff

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Limitation ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Independent Data ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Nutrient Levels ◽

Tn:Tp Ratio ◽

Over Time

We used data drawn from the literature to test some basic predictions derived from nutrient limitation theory. Contrary to expectation, nitrogen was not better correlated to chlorophyll in nitrogen limited lakes (as measured by the total nitrogen:total phosphorus (TN:TP) ratio). We also examined whether the variability in published relationships between chlorophyll a (Chla) and nutrient levels in lakes can be explained by differences in the relative concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus (TN:TP ratio). Our results show that the coefficients and precision of the Chla = f(TP) and Chla = f(TN) regression equations vary systematically and concomitantly with TN:TP ratios, and are highest for lakes with TN:TP ratios of 23–28 (by weight). These findings were confirmed with independent data and explain the variability of published Chla = f(TP) relationships. We propose a model that predicts the coefficients of Chla = f(TP) and Chla = f(TN) equations for lakes with different TN:TP ratios. This model proved useful in predicting the chlorophyll trajectories of lakes over time. The results imply an "optimal" TN:TP ratio beyond which the relative rates of increase in chlorophyll with increasing nutrient concentrations are reduced.

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Metabolic response of Botryococcus braunii to high bicarbonate dosages and other conditions: analysis of photosynthetic performance, productivity, and lipidomic profile

Journal of Applied Phycology ◽

10.1007/s10811-021-02544-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Néstor David Giraldo ◽

Sandra Marcela Correa ◽

Andrés Arbeláez ◽

Felix L. Figueroa ◽

Rigoberto Ríos-Estepa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Limitation ◽

Metabolic Response ◽

Neutral Lipids ◽

Biomass Productivity ◽

Botryococcus Braunii ◽

Photosynthetic Performance ◽

Lipid Productivity ◽

Cellular Growth ◽

Adaptive Responses ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus

AbstractIn this study the metabolic responses of Botryococcus braunii were analyzed upon different inorganic carbon dosages and nutrient limitation conditions in terms of lipid and biomass productivity, as well as photosynthetic performance. The nutritional schemes evaluated included different levels of sodium bicarbonate and nitrogen and phosphorus starvation, which were contrasted against standard cultures fed with CO2. Bicarbonate was found to be an advantageous carbon source since high dosages caused a significant increase in biomass and lipid productivity, in addition to an enhanced photosynthetic quantum yield and neutral lipids abundance. This contrasts to the commonly used approach of microalgae nutrient limitation, which leads to high lipid accumulation at the expense of impaired cellular growth, causing a decline in overall lipid productivity. The lipidome analysis served to hypothesize about the influence of the nutritional context on B. braunii structural and storage lipid metabolism, besides the adaptive responses exhibited by cells that underwent nutrient stress.

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Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake Dynamics in Tropical Cerrado Woodland Streams

Water ◽

10.3390/w10081080 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1080 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nícolas Reinaldo Finkler ◽

Flavia Tromboni ◽

Iola Boëchat ◽

Björn Gücker ◽

Davi Gasparini Fernandes Cunha

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Uptake ◽

N Uptake ◽

Pollution Abatement ◽

Phosphorus Uptake ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Water Velocity ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Lotic Ecosystem

Pollution abatement through phosphorus and nitrogen retention is a key ecosystem service provided by streams. Human activities have been changing in-stream nutrient concentrations, thereby altering lotic ecosystem functioning, especially in developing countries. We estimated nutrient uptake metrics (ambient uptake length, areal uptake rate, and uptake velocity) for nitrate (NO3–N), ammonium (NH4–N), and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in four tropical Cerrado headwater streams during 2017, through whole-stream nutrient addition experiments. According to multiple regression models, ambient SRP concentration was an important explanatory variable of nutrient uptake. Further, best models included ambient NO3–N and water velocity (for NO3–N uptake metrics), dissolved oxygen (DO) and canopy cover (for NH4–N); and DO, discharge, water velocity, and temperature (for SRP). The best kinetic models describing nutrient uptake were efficiency-loss (R2 from 0.47–0.88) and first-order models (R2 from 0.60–0.85). NO3–N, NH4–N, and SRP uptake in these streams seemed coupled as a result of complex interactions of biotic P limitation, abiotic P cycling processes, and the preferential uptake of NH4–N among N-forms. Global change effects on these tropical streams, such as temperature increase and nutrient enrichment due to urban and agricultural expansion, may have adverse and partially unpredictable impacts on whole-stream nutrient processing.

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Do Foliar, Litter, and Root Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations Reflect Nutrient Limitation in a Lowland Tropical Wet Forest?

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0123796 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. e0123796 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Silvia Alvarez-Clare ◽

Michelle C. Mack

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Limitation ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Tropical Wet Forest ◽

Root Nitrogen

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Frost hardiness and winter photosynthesis of Thujapiicata and Pseudotsugamenzlesll seedlings grown at three rates of nitrogen and phosphorus supply

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x95-003 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 18-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

B.J. Hawkins ◽

M. Davradou ◽

D. Pier ◽

R. Shortt

Keyword(s):

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Frost Hardiness ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Red Cedar ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Foliar Nutrient ◽

One Year ◽

P Supply

One-year-old seedlings of western red cedar (Thujapiicata Donn ex D.Don) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) were grown for one season in five nutrient treatments with nitrogen (N) supplied in solution at rates of 20, 100, or 250 mg•L−1 and phosphorus (P) supplied at rates of 4, 20, or 60 mg•L−1. Growth, onset of dormancy, frost hardiness on six dates, and foliar nutrient concentrations in autumn and spring were measured. Midwinter rates of net photosynthesis and transpiration were measured at air temperatures of 4, 7, and 11 °C in seedlings from all nutrient treatments. Recovery of net photosynthesis and transpiration in whole seedlings from the three N treatments was assessed at intervals for 28 days after the seedlings were frozen to −5, −15, and −25°C. Foliar N content differed significantly among nutrient treatments and was positively correlated with supply. Mitotic activity ceased earliest in plants with low N supply. Douglas-fir seedlings in the low-N treatment also ceased height growth earliest. These differences in growth had no significant correlation with frost hardiness. No consistent differences in frost hardiness among nutrient treatments were observed. Higher rates of N and P supply resulted in higher rates of winter net photosynthesis. Net photosynthesis was reduced dramatically by night frost, with greater damage occurring at lower temperatures. Net photosynthesis recovery occurred most quickly in seedlings with the midrate of N and P supply.

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Chemical Element Concentrations of Cycad Leaves: Do We Know Enough?

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae6040085 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 85 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Benjamin E. Deloso ◽

Murukesan V. Krishnapillai ◽

Ulysses F. Ferreras ◽

Anders J. Lindström ◽

Michael Calonje ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Zone ◽

Chemical Elements ◽

Incident Light ◽

Leaf Age ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Future Research ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Element Concentrations

The literature containing which chemical elements are found in cycad leaves was reviewed to determine the range in values of concentrations reported for essential and beneficial elements. We found 46 of the 358 described cycad species had at least one element reported to date. The only genus that was missing from the data was Microcycas. Many of the species reports contained concentrations of one to several macronutrients and no other elements. The cycad leaves contained greater nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations than the reported means for plants throughout the world. Magnesium was identified as the macronutrient that has been least studied. Only 14 of the species were represented by data from in situ locations, with most of the data obtained from managed plants in botanic gardens. Leaf element concentrations were influenced by biotic factors such as plant size, leaf age, and leaflet position on the rachis. Leaf element concentrations were influenced by environmental factors such as incident light and soil nutrient concentrations within the root zone. These influential factors were missing from many of the reports, rendering the results ambiguous and comparisons among studies difficult. Future research should include the addition of more taxa, more in situ locations, the influence of season, and the influence of herbivory to more fully understand leaf nutrition for cycads.

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Flood water quality and marine sediment and nutrient loads from the Tully and Murray catchments in north Queensland, Australia

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf08356 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 60 (11) ◽

pp. 1123 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Jim Wallace ◽

Lachlan Stewart ◽

Aaron Hawdon ◽

Rex Keen ◽

Fazlul Karim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dissolved Organic Nitrogen ◽

Organic Nitrogen ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Large Contribution ◽

Nutrient Loads ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Annual Average ◽

Nitrogen Loads ◽

Flood Flows

Current estimates of sediment and nutrient loads from the Tully–Murray floodplain to the Great Barrier Reef lagoon are updated by taking explicit account of flood events. New estimates of flood discharge that include over-bank flows are combined with direct measurements of sediment and nutrient concentrations in flood waters to calculate the loads of sediment and nutrient delivered to the ocean during 13 floods that occurred between 2006 and 2008. Although absolute concentrations of sediment and nutrient were quite low, the large volume of water discharged during floods means that they make a large contribution (30–50%) to the marine load. By not accounting for flood flows correctly, previous estimates of the annual average discharge are 15% too low and annual loads of nitrogen and phosphorus are 47% and 32% too low respectively. However, because sediments may be source-limited, accounting for flood flows simply dilutes their concentration and the resulting annual average load is similar to that previously estimated. Flood waters also carry more dissolved organic nitrogen than dissolved inorganic nitrogen and this is the opposite of their concentrations in river water. Consequently, dissolved organic nitrogen loads to the ocean may be around twice those previously estimated from riverine data.

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Foliar Applications of Biostimulants Promote Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Strawberry Plants Grown under Nutrient Limitation

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9090483 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 483 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sebastian Soppelsa ◽

Markus Kelderer ◽

Claudio Casera ◽

Michele Bassi ◽

Peter Robatscher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Limitation ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Nutritional Conditions ◽

Entire Duration ◽

Single Fertilization

Biostimulants have been found effective in enhancing plant resistance toward stressful conditions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of selected biostimulants to overcome the negative effects of nutrient limitation on the growth performances and on the fruit quality of soilless cultivated strawberry plants. The condition of nutrient limitation was imposed by supplying the plants with only a single fertilization at transplantation and by excluding any further nutrient supply for the entire duration of the experiment (three months, from May to July). Strawberry plants were treated seven times during the period from preflowering up to berry maturation with different classes of biostimulants (humic acids, alfalfa hydrolysate, macroseaweed extract and microalga hydrolysate, amino acids alone or in combination with zinc, B-group vitamins, chitosan, and a commercial product containing silicon) at commercial dosages. The use of alfalfa hydrolysate, vitamins, chitosan, and silicon was able to promote biomass accumulation in roots (four to seven folds) and fruits (+20%) of treated plants, whereas the total leaf area increased by 15%–30%. Nutrient concentrations in leaves and roots showed variations for microelements (e.g., Fe, B, Zn, and Si) in response to biostimulant applications, whereas no significant differences were observed for macronutrient contents among treatments. Final berry yield was found around 20% higher in chitosan- and silicon-treated plants. Chitosan treatment significantly increased pulp firmness (by 20%), while a high nutritional value (e.g., phenolic compounds concentration) was observed in alfalfa- and seaweed-treated fruits (+18%–20% as compared to control). The overall outcomes of the present experiment show that selected biostimulants can be considered as a valid agronomic tool able to contrast the negative consequence of growing crops under insufficient nutritional conditions.

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Growth Characteristics of Three Macrophyte Species Growing in a Natural and Constructed Wetland System

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1994.0166 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 95-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

P. W. Adcock ◽

G. G. Ganf

Keyword(s):

Constructed Wetland ◽

Tissue Concentration ◽

South Australia ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Winter Period ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Natural Wetland ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Standing Biomass ◽

Below Ground

Total, above and below ground biomass, growth, and tissue nutrient concentration of three species growing in two contrasting environments (a horizontal flow, constructed wetland fed tertiary effluent at Bolivar, South Australia, and a natural wetland, Bool Lagoon, south-eastern South Australia) were compared to determine relative performance of each species. Overall Baumea articulata and Phragmites australis performed poorly in trenches compared with natural wetland. Total biomass was 4.0 and 2.7, compared with 7.7 and 10.9 kg/m2 however, above ground (AG)/below ground (BG) ratios were similar at both locations (1 (Baum) and 0.42(Phrag)). Below ground mass was restricted to the top 25cm in the trenches but penetrated to > 50cm in the natural wetland. Phragmites showed a marked decline in standing biomass during the winter period in both environments but Baumea increased standing biomass in the trenches. Although the mean tissue nutrient concentrations of N and P for plants grown in trenches were higher than their natural counterparts [3.18(Baum), 2.56(Phrag) vs. 0.68(Baum), 0.49(Phrag) mg P/g DWt.; 12.99(Baum), 23.06(Phrag) vs. 5.39(Baum), 8.92(Phrag) mg N/g DWt.], this was offset by the lower biomass of the plants in the trenches. In contrast, the semi-emergent Triglochin procerum performed exceptionally well in the trenches, compared with the other species, and with itself growing in Bool Lagoon. Total biomass was 15.4 kg/m2, AG/BG ratio was 6. Triglochin continued to grow vigorously throughout the winter and had a mean tissue concentration of 5.19 mg P, 22.63 mg N and 368 C/g dry weight. These data suggest that the effective removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by harvesting was 5 times higher for Triglochin than for Baumea or Phragmites in the trenches. The nitrogen concentrations in Triglochin suggest a protein content of 16–18% which compares favourably with lucerne.

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