Cortical bone thickness and bone density effects on miniscrew success rates—A systematic review and meta‐analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong‐Wook Lee ◽  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
R. Curtis Bay ◽  
Sung‐Kwon Choi ◽  
Jong‐Moon Chae
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Density Effects

scholarly journals POS1092 SUBCHONDRAL BONE NORMALIZATION AFTER KNEE JOINT DISTRACTION TREATMENT AS MEASURED WITH CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 825.2-826
Author(s):  
M. Jansen ◽  
A. Ooms ◽  
T. D. Turmezei ◽  
J. W. Mackay ◽  
S. Mastbergen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Trabecular Bone Density ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Shape Changes

Background:In addition to cartilage degeneration, knee osteoarthritis (OA) causes bone changes, including cortical bone thickening, subchondral bone density decrease, and bone shape changes as a result of widening and flattening condyles and osteophyte formation. Knee joint distraction (KJD) is a joint-preserving treatment for younger (<65 years) knee OA patients that has been shown to reverse OA cartilage degradation. On radiographs, KJD showed a decrease in subchondral bone density and an increase in osteophyte formation. However, these bone changes have never been evaluated with a 3D imaging technique.Objectives:To evaluate cortical bone thickness, subchondral trabecular bone density, and bone shape on CT scans before and one year after KJD treatment.Methods:19 KJD patients were included in an extended imaging protocol, undergoing a CT scan before and one year after treatment. Stradview v6.0 was used for semi-automatic tibia and femur segmentation from axial thin-slice (0.45mm) CT scans. Cortical bone thickness (mm) and trabecular bone density (Hounsfield units, HU) were measured with an automated algorithm. Osteophytes were excluded. Afterwards, wxRegSurf v18 was used for surface registration. Registration data was used for bone shape measurements. MATLAB R2020a and the SurfStat MATLAB package were used for data analysis and visualization. Two-tailed F-tests were used to calculate changes over time. Two separate linear regression models were used to show the influence of baseline Kellgren-Lawrence grade and sex on the changes over time. Statistical significance was calculated with statistical parametric mapping; a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Bone shape changes were explored visually using vertex by vertex displacements between baseline and follow-up. Patients were separated into two groups based on whether their most affected compartment (MAC) was medial or lateral. Only patients with axial CT scans at both time points available for analysis were included for evaluation.Results:3 Patients did not have complete CTs and in 1 patient the imaged femur was too short, leaving 16 patients for tibial analyses and 15 patients for femoral analyses. The MAC was predominantly the medial side (medial MAC n=14; lateral n=2). Before treatment, the MAC cortical bone was compared to the rest of the joint (Figure 1). One year after treatment, MAC cortical thickness decreased, although this decrease of up to approximately 0.25 mm was not statistically significant. The trabecular bone density was also higher before treatment in the MAC, and a decrease was seen throughout the entire joint, although statistically significant only for small areas on mostly the MAC where this decrease was up to approximately 80 HU (Figure 1). Female patients and patients with a higher Kellgren-Lawrence grade showed a somewhat larger decrease in cortical bone thickness. Trabecular density decreased less for patients with a higher Kellgren-Lawrence grade, and female patients showed a higher density decrease interiorly while male patients showed a higher decrease exteriorly. None of this was statistically significant. The central areas of both compartments showed an outward shape change, while the outer ring showed inward changes.Conclusion:MAC cortical bone thickness shows a partial decrease after KJD. Trabecular bone density decreased on both sides of the joint, likely as a direct result of the bicompartmental unloading. For both subchondral bone parameters, MAC values became more similar to the LAC, indicating (partial) subchondral bone normalization in the most affected parts of the joint. The bone shape changes may indicate a reversal of typical OA changes, although the inward difference that was seen on the outer edges may be a result of osteophyte-related changes that might have affected the bone segmentation. In conclusion, KJD treatment shows subchondral bone normalization in the first year after treatment, and longer follow-up might show whether these changes are a temporary result of joint unloading or indicate more prolonged bone changes.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

scholarly journals Relationship between Cortical Bone Thickness and Cancellous Bone Density at Dental Implant Sites in the Jawbone

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 710
Author(s):  
Shiuan-Hui Wang ◽  
Yen-Wen Shen ◽  
Lih-Jyh Fuh ◽  
Shin-Lei Peng ◽  
Ming-Tzu Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Posterior Maxilla ◽  
Dental Implant Surgery ◽  
Anterior Mandible

Dental implant surgery is a common treatment for missing teeth. Its survival rate is considerably affected by host bone quality and quantity, which is often assessed prior to surgery through dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Dental CBCT was used in this study to evaluate dental implant sites for (1) differences in and (2) correlations between cancellous bone density and cortical bone thickness among four regions of the jawbone. In total, 315 dental implant sites (39 in the anterior mandible, 42 in the anterior maxilla, 107 in the posterior mandible, and 127 in the posterior maxilla) were identified in dental CBCT images from 128 patients. All CBCT images were loaded into Mimics 15.0 to measure cancellous bone density (unit: grayscale value (GV) and cortical bone thickness (unit: mm)). Differences among the four regions of the jawbone were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance and Scheffe’s posttest. Pearson coefficients for correlations between cancellous bone density and cortical bone thickness were also calculated for the four jawbone regions. The results revealed that the mean cancellous bone density was highest in the anterior mandible (722 ± 227 GV), followed by the anterior maxilla (542 ± 208 GV), posterior mandible (535 ± 206 GV), and posterior maxilla (388 ± 206 GV). Cortical bone thickness was highest in the posterior mandible (1.15 ± 0.42 mm), followed by the anterior mandible (1.01 ± 0.32 mm), anterior maxilla (0.89 ± 0.26 mm), and posterior maxilla (0.72 ± 0.19 mm). In the whole jawbone, a weak correlation (r = 0.133, p = 0.041) was detected between cancellous bone density and cortical bone thickness. Furthermore, except for the anterior maxilla (r = 0.306, p = 0.048), no correlation between the two bone parameters was observed (all p > 0.05). Cancellous bone density and cortical bone thickness varies by implant site in the four regions of the jawbone. The cortical and cancellous bone of a jawbone dental implant site should be evaluated individually before surgery.

scholarly journals Growth of cortical bone thickness and trabecular bone density in Japanese children

Bone ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 115669
Author(s):  
Etsuko Ozaki ◽  
Mami Matsukawa ◽  
Isao Mano ◽  
Daisuke Matsui ◽  
Yutaro Yoneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Trabecular Bone Density ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness

scholarly journals Bone Density and Cortical Thickness in Normal, Osteopenic, and Osteoporotic Sacra

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Richards ◽  
Nathan W. Coleman ◽  
Trevor A. Knight ◽  
Stephen M. Belkoff ◽  
Simon C. Mears
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Insufficiency Fractures ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Local Reduction ◽  
Sacral Insufficiency Fractures

It is unclear if a decrease in cancellous bone density or cortical bone thickness is related to sacral insufficiency fractures. We hypothesized that reduction in overall bone density leads to local reductions in bone density and cortical thickness in cadaveric sacra that match clinically observed fracture patterns in patients with sacral insufficiency fractures. We used quantitative computed tomography to measure cancellous density and cortical thickness in multiple areas of normal, osteopenic, and osteoporotic sacra. Cancellous bone density was significantly lower in osteoporotic specimens in the central and anterior regions of the sacral ala compared with other regions of these specimens. Cortical thickness decreased uniformly in all regions of osteopenic and osteoporotic specimens. These results support our hypothesis that areas of the sacrum where sacral insufficiency fractures often occur have significantly larger decreases in cancellous bone density; however, they do not support the hypothesis that these areas have local reduction of cortical bone thickness.

scholarly journals Influence of bone condition on implant placement accuracy with computer-guided surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramadhan Hardani Putra ◽  
Nobuhiro Yoda ◽  
Masahiro Iikubo ◽  
Yoshihiro Kataoka ◽  
Kensuke Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Guided Surgery ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Bone Condition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dental Cast

Abstract Background The impact of the jaw bone condition, such as bone quantity and quality in the implant placement site, affecting the accuracy of implant placement with computer-guided surgery (CGS) remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of bone condition, i.e., bone density, bone width, and cortical bone thickness at the crestal bone on the accuracy of implant placement with CGS. Methods A total of 47 tissue-level implants from 25 patients placed in the posterior mandibular area were studied. Implant placement position was planned on the simulation software, Simplant® Pro 16, by superimposing preoperative computed tomography images with stereolithography data of diagnostic wax-up on the dental cast. Implant placement surgery was performed using the surgical guide plate to reflect the planned implant position. The post-surgical dental cast was scanned to determine the position of the placed implant. Linear and vertical deviations between planned and placed implants were calculated. Deviations at both platform and apical of the implant were measured in the bucco-lingual and mesio-distal directions. Intra- and inter-observer variabilities were calculated to ensure measurement reliability. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to investigate the effect of the bone condition, such as density, width, and cortical bone thickness at the implant site area, on the accuracy of implant placement (α = 0.05). Result Intra- and inter-observer variabilities of these measurements showed excellent agreement (intra class correlation coefficient ± 0.90). Bone condition significantly influenced the accuracy of implant placement using CGS (p < 0.05). Both bone density and width were found to be significant predictors. Conclusions Low bone density and/or narrow bucco-lingual width near the alveolar bone crest in the implant placement site might be a risk factor influencing the accuracy of implant placement with CGS.

scholarly journals Effects of cortical bone thickness and trabecular bone density on primary stability of orthodontic mini-implants

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Chin-Yun Pan ◽  
Pao-Hsin Liu ◽  
Yu-Chuan Tseng ◽  
Szu-Ting Chou ◽  
Chao-Yi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Trabecular Bone Density ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Mini Implants

scholarly journals The Significance of Utilizing A Corticotomy on Periodontal and Orthodontic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gao ◽  
Trung Nguyen ◽  
Snehlata Oberoi ◽  
Heesoo Oh ◽  
Sunil Kapila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Canine Distalization

Purpose: This systematic review compares the clinical and radiographic outcomes for patients who received only a corticotomy or periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) with those who received a conventional orthodontic treatment. Methods: An electronic search of four databases and a hand search of peer-reviewed journals for relevant articles published in English between January 1980 and June 2021 were performed. Human clinical trials of ≥10 patients treated with a corticotomy or PAOO with radiographic and/or clinical outcomes were included. Meta-analyses were performed to analyze the weighted mean difference (WMD) and confidence interval (CI) for the recorded variables. Results: Twelve articles were included in the quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis revealed a localized corticotomy distal to the canine can significantly increase canine distalization (WMD = 1.15 mm, 95% CI = 0.18–2.12 mm, p = 0.02) compared to a conventional orthodontic treatment. In addition, PAOO also showed a significant gain of buccal bone thickness (WMD = 0.43 mm, 95% CI = 0.09–0.78 mm, p = 0.01) and an improvement of bone density (WMD = 32.86, 95% CI = 11.83–53.89, p = 0.002) compared to the corticotomy group. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the meta-analyses, the localized use of a corticotomy can significantly increase the amount of canine distalization during orthodontic treatment. Additionally, the use of a corticotomy as a part of a PAOO procedure significantly increases the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and it is accompanied by an increased buccal bone thickness and bone density compared to patients undergoing a conventional orthodontic treatment.

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