Effect of different types of regular exercise on physical fitness in adults with overweight or obesity: Systematic review and meta‐analyses

Comparison of different approaches to antibiotic restriction in food-producing animals: stratified results from a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001710 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. e001710 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Karen L Tang ◽

Niamh P Caffrey ◽

Diego B Nóbrega ◽

Susan C Cork ◽

Paul E Ronksley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Random Effects Models ◽

Differential Effectiveness ◽

Different Types ◽

Meta Analyses

BackgroundWe have previously reported, in a systematic review of 181 studies, that restriction of antibiotic use in food-producing animals is associated with a reduction in antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates. While informative, that report did not concretely specify whether different types of restriction are associated with differential effectiveness in reducing resistance. We undertook a sub-analysis of the systematic review to address this question.MethodsWe created a classification scheme of different approaches to antibiotic restriction: (1) complete restriction; (2) single antibiotic-class restriction; (3) single antibiotic restriction; (4) all non-therapeutic use restriction; (5) growth promoter and prophylaxis restriction; (6) growth promoter restriction and (7) other/undetermined. All studies in the original systematic review that were amenable to meta-analysis were included into this substudy and coded by intervention type. Meta-analyses were conducted using random effects models, stratified by intervention type.ResultsA total of 127 studies were included. The most frequently studied intervention type was complete restriction (n=51), followed by restriction of non-therapeutic (n=33) and growth promoter (n=19) indications. None examined growth promoter and prophylaxis restrictions together. Three and seven studies examined single antibiotic-class and single antibiotic restrictions, respectively; these two intervention types were not significantly associated with reductions in antibiotic resistance. Though complete restrictions were associated with a 15% reduction in antibiotic resistance, less prohibitive approaches also demonstrated reduction in antibiotic resistance of 9%–30%.ConclusionBroad interventions that restrict global antibiotic use appear to be more effective in reducing antibiotic resistance compared with restrictions that narrowly target one specific antibiotic or antibiotic class. Importantly, interventions that allow for therapeutic antibiotic use appear similarly effective compared with those that restrict all uses of antibiotics, suggesting that complete bans are not necessary. These findings directly inform the creation of specific policies to restrict antibiotic use in food-producing animals.

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Technical-Tactical Performance from Data Providers: A Systematic Review in Regular Football Leagues

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su131810167 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (18) ◽

pp. 10167

Author(s):

Fernando Manuel Otero-Saborido ◽

Rubén D. Aguado-Méndez ◽

Víctor M. Torreblanca-Martínez ◽

José Antonio González-Jurado

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Contextual Variables ◽

Premier League ◽

Fitness Parameters ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Predictive Analyses

In recent years, the number of technology companies providing data to football teams has multiplied. At first, the provided information focused more on physical fitness parameters, but today, ever more data is being generated on technical-tactical performance. The objective of this study was to review the studies on technical-tactical variables based on the information offered by data providers from every country’s regular elite league championship. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards. A total of 31 studies were selected. LaLiga (27.91%) and the Premier League (18.60%) were the most studied competitions. Amisco was the company with the largest number of studies (54.84%). Descriptive studies (58.06%) predominated over comparative (22.58%) and predictive analyses (19.05%). “Style of play”, “contextual variables” (descriptive analysis), and “demarcation” (comparative analysis) were the most used objectives in the 28 studies reviewed.

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Association Between Sarcopenic Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Current Cardiology Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573403x16666200214104122 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 153-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dima Khadra ◽

Leila Itani ◽

Yomna Chebaro ◽

May Obeid ◽

Miryam Jaber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Relative Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Sarcopenic Obesity ◽

Narrative Synthesis ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Overweight Or Obesity

Background: In the last two decades, a new phenotype termed Sarcopenic Obesity (SO), in which sarcopenia and obesity coexist, has emerged. Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was first to assess the prevalence of Metabolic syndrome (Mets) among individuals with and without SO, and second, to determine if SO may increase the relative risk of Mets. Methods: This study was conducted in adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the data were collated by means of metaanalysis and narrative synthesis. Results: Twelve studies including a total of 11,308 adults with overweight or obesity of both genders met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed, revealing two main findings. First, a similar overall prevalence of Mets in individuals with SO (61.49%; 95% CI: 52.19-70.40) when compared to those without SO (56.74%; 95% CI: 47.32-65.93) was identified. Second, the presence of SO appears not to increase the risk of Mets with respect to those without SO (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.99- 1.17, p = 0.07). Conclusion: No higher prevalence of Mets among individuals with SO when compared to those with obesity only, nor a significant association between SO and a higher risk of Mets was found.

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Trends in Physical Fitness Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2020.627529 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Bojan Masanovic ◽

Jovan Gardasevic ◽

Adilson Marques ◽

Miguel Peralta ◽

Yolanda Demetriou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Chinese Studies ◽

Motor Tests ◽

Meta Analyses

Introduction and Objective: This systematic review aimed to analyse the international evolution of fitness with its distributional changes in the performance on tests of physical fitness among school-aged children and adolescents.Methods: In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the search was undertaken in four international databases (ERIC, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) to identify the studies reporting temporal trends in the physical fitness among school-aged children and adolescents.Results: A total of 485 potential articles were identified, of which 19 articles were relevant for the qualitative synthesis; 1,746,023 children and adolescents from 14 countries (China, Finland, Sweden, Belgium, New Zealand, Denmark, Spain, Norway, Mozambique, Poland, USA, Lithuania, Portugal, Canada), for the period between 1969 and 2017 were included. The subjects were tested using 45 motor tests from eight battery tests. The quality of the study in eight articles was rated as strong, while in 11 articles it was rated as moderate.Discussion: The vast majority of studies show a constant decline in strength and endurance. Three Chinese studies show an increase in strength from 1985 to 1995 and then a decline until 2014. For endurance, similar patterns were found in the two most comprehensive Chinese studies. The decline in flexibility is also evident in European countries. For agility, speed, balance, and coordination, the trend differs among populations.

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Field-Based Tests for the Assessment of Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Practicing Sport: A Systematic Review within the ESA Program

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11247187 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (24) ◽

pp. 7187 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Garden Tabacchi ◽

Guillermo F. Lopez Sanchez ◽

Fatma Nese Sahin ◽

Meltem Kizilyalli ◽

Rosario Genchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Muscular Strength ◽

Final Decision ◽

Prisma Statement ◽

Effective Training ◽

Sport Activities ◽

Maximum Effort ◽

Meta Analyses

High levels of physical fitness (PF) can positively affect both health and cognitive function, thus monitoring its levels in youth can help increase health and quality of life in adult populations later on. This systematic review aims to identify PF field-based tests used in young European populations practicing sport to find tools that are adequate for the considered target involving a new battery within the Enriched Sport Activities (ESA) project. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was followed. In the 83 identified articles, the main tests used were: vertical/horizontal jumps (for muscular strength/power); push-ups, running at maximum effort, sit-ups (for muscular strength/endurance); multistage non-intermittent and intermittent tests (for aerobic endurance); sit and reach (for flexibility); sprinting and agility T-tests (for speed and agility, respectively); 10 × 5 m shuttle run (SR) (for both speed and agility). Few studies assessed coordination, reaction time, power, and balance. Although the selected tests are widely used and validated, they do not determine all PF aspects and do not reflect sport-specific features. A final decision was made for the inclusion of the following tests: standing broad jump, seated medicine ball throw, 20 m SR test, 30 m sprint, Illinois test, and a new test, i.e., the crunning test, to assess different skill-related components at once. The use of this combination of tests allows for the assessment of all PF components and can help planning effective training programs and cultivate sporting talent.

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Exercise as a Useful Intervention to Reduce Alcohol Consumption and Improve Physical Fitness in Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.675285 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

David T. Lardier ◽

Kathryn E. Coakley ◽

Kelley R. Holladay ◽

Fabiano T. Amorim ◽

Micah N. Zuhl

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Meta Analyses

Objective: This meta-analysis and systematic review examined the effects of exercise interventions on alcohol consumption and binge drinking in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD).Data sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, SPORTDiscus, and ERIC databases.Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: Peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials published in English between 1970 and 2021. All studies compared exercise (Ex) and treatment as usual (TAU) to TAU in adults with an alcohol-related diagnosis. All forms of exercise interventions were included (e.g., aerobic exercise, yoga, resistance exercise, etc.).Data Extraction: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols standard and the Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies guidelines were followed. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool as described by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and Interventions.Results: The literature searches retrieved a combined 2527 studies, with 1,034 studies screened after removal of duplicates and 973 (94%) rejected after reviewing titles and abstracts. Full-text review was performed on 61 studies, with seven studies meeting inclusion criteria for qualitative and meta-analysis. Across seven studies (n = 492 participants), a significant effect (Z-value = −3.37; g = −0.30; 95% CI [−0.50—−0.09]; p = 0.001) was found for Ex+TAU on drinking volume. There was no effect of Ex+TAU on binge drinking. The effect of Ex+TAU on physical fitness (VO2max, ml•kg−1•min−1) was significant (Z-score = 3.70; g = 0.64; 95% CI [0.19–1.08]; p < 0.001).Conclusions: Exercise interventions may decrease alcohol consumption and improve fitness and can be an effective adjunctive treatment for individuals with alcohol-related diagnoses including AUD.

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What effect does regular exercise have on oxidative stress in people with Down syndrome? A systematic review with meta-analyses

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport ◽

10.1016/j.jsams.2017.10.015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 596-603 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nora Shields ◽

Jenny Downs ◽

Judy B. de Haan ◽

Nicholas F. Taylor ◽

Jennifer Torr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Regular Exercise ◽

Meta Analyses

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Physical fitness of Latin America children and adolescents: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047122 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e047122

Author(s):

Andrés Godoy-Cumillaf ◽

Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni ◽

Grant R Tomkinson ◽

Javier Brazo-Sayavera

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Latin America ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Latin American ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Important Indicator ◽

American Children ◽

Meta Analyses

IntroductionPhysical fitness (PF) is an important indicator of health in children and adolescents. Internationally, test batteries have been used to assess overall PF. In Latin America, however, while PF has been widely measured, there is no accepted test battery, making it difficult to monitor and/or compare the PF levels of Latin children. The aim of this study, therefore, is to systematically review and potentially meta-analyse the peer-reviewed literature regarding the assessment of PF in Latin American children and adolescents.Methods and analysisThis systematic review and meta-analysis will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols statement. The systematic literature search will be performed in MEDLINE, Scopus, SciELO, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, LILACS and Latindex (Spanish) to locate articles published up to April 2021. Eligible studies will include both descriptive and analytic study designs. Meta-analyses are planned for sufficiently homogeneous PF outcomes with regard to statistical and methodological characteristics. Narrative syntheses are planned for PF outcomes that are considered to be too heterogeneous. The statistical program STATA V.15 will be used for meta-analyses, with subgroup analyses performed according to the characteristics of included studies.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review and meta-analysis protocol is designed to provide updated evidence on the PF of Latin American children and adolescents. Findings from this review may be useful for teachers, researchers and other professionals responsible for paediatric fitness and health promotion/surveillance. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed scientific publications, conferences, educational talks and infographics.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020189892.

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Physical Fitness, Exercise Self-Efficacy, and Quality of Life in Adulthood: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17176343 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (17) ◽

pp. 6343

Author(s):

María del Rocio Medrano-Ureña ◽

Rosario Ortega-Ruiz ◽

Juan de Dios Benítez-Sillero

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Adult Population ◽

Adult Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Fundamental Aspect ◽

Meta Analyses

Background: The aim of the present work is the elaboration of a systematic review of existing research on physical fitness, self-efficacy for physical exercise, and quality of life in adulthood. Method: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines, and based on the findings in 493 articles, the final sample was composed of 37 articles, which were reviewed to show whether self-efficacy has previously been studied as a mediator in the relationship between physical fitness and quality of life in adulthood. Results: The results indicate that little research exists in relation to healthy, populations with the majority being people with pathology. Physical fitness should be considered as a fundamental aspect in determining the functional capacity of the person. Aerobic capacity was the most evaluated and the 6-min walk test was the most used. Only one article shows the joint relationship between the three variables. Conclusions: We discuss the need to investigate the mediation of self-efficacy in relation to the value of physical activity on quality of life and well-being in the healthy adult population in adult life.

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