Effects of childhood abuse on adult obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 882-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hemmingsson ◽  
K. Johansson ◽  
S. Reynisdottir
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Obesity

scholarly journals Childhood maltreatment and adult suicidality: a comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (07) ◽  
pp. 1057-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Angelakis ◽  
Emma Louise Gillespie ◽  
Maria Panagioti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Different Types

AbstractThis comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis aims to quantify the association between different types of childhood maltreatment and suicidality. We searched five bibliographic databases, including Medline, PsychINFO, Embase, Web of Science and CINAHL, until January 2018. Random-effects meta-analysis was employed followed by univariable and multivariable meta-regressions. Heterogeneity was quantified using theI2statistic and formal publication bias tests were undertaken. The methodological quality of the studies was critically appraised and accounted in the meta-regression analyses. Data from 68 studies based onn= 261.660 adults were pooled. All different types of childhood maltreatment including sexual abuse [odds ratio (OR) 3.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.76–3.64], physical abuse (OR 2.52, 95% CI 2.09–3.04) and emotional abuse (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.64–3.77) were associated with two- to three-fold increased risk for suicide attempts. Similar results were found for the association between childhood maltreatment and suicidal ideation. Complex childhood abuse was associated with a particularly high risk for suicide attempts in adults (OR 5.18, 95% CI 2.52–10.63). Variations across the studies in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants and other core methodological factors did not affect the findings of the main analyses. We conclude that there is solid evidence that childhood maltreatment is associated with increased odds for suicidality in adults. The main outstanding challenge is to better understand the mechanisms which underpin the development of suicidality in people exposed to childhood maltreatment because current evidence is scarce.

scholarly journals Predicting adult obesity from childhood obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Simmonds ◽  
A. Llewellyn ◽  
C. G. Owen ◽  
N. Woolacott
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Obesity

scholarly journals The use of measures of obesity in childhood for predicting obesity and the development of obesity-related diseases in adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (43) ◽  
pp. 1-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Simmonds ◽  
Jane Burch ◽  
Alexis Llewellyn ◽  
Claire Griffiths ◽  
Huiqin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Adult Obesity ◽  
Adult Morbidity

BackgroundIt is uncertain which simple measures of childhood obesity are best for predicting future obesity-related health problems and the persistence of obesity into adolescence and adulthood.ObjectivesTo investigate the ability of simple measures, such as body mass index (BMI), to predict the persistence of obesity from childhood into adulthood and to predict obesity-related adult morbidities. To investigate how accurately simple measures diagnose obesity in children, and how acceptable these measures are to children, carers and health professionals.Data sourcesMultiple sources including MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library were searched from 2008 to 2013.MethodsSystematic reviews and a meta-analysis were carried out of large cohort studies on the association between childhood obesity and adult obesity; the association between childhood obesity and obesity-related morbidities in adulthood; and the diagnostic accuracy of simple childhood obesity measures. Study quality was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) and a modified version of the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. A systematic review and an elicitation exercise were conducted on the acceptability of the simple measures.ResultsThirty-seven studies (22 cohorts) were included in the review of prediction of adult morbidities. Twenty-three studies (16 cohorts) were included in the tracking review. All studies included BMI. There were very few studies of other measures. There was a strong positive association between high childhood BMI and adult obesity [odds ratio 5.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.50 to 6.02]. A positive association was found between high childhood BMI and adult coronary heart disease, diabetes and a range of cancers, but not stroke or breast cancer. The predictive accuracy of childhood BMI to predict any adult morbidity was very low, with most morbidities occurring in adults who were of healthy weight in childhood. Predictive accuracy of childhood obesity was moderate for predicting adult obesity, with a sensitivity of 30% and a specificity of 98%. Persistence of obesity from adolescence to adulthood was high. Thirty-four studies were included in the diagnostic accuracy review. Most of the studies used the least reliable reference standard (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry); only 24% of studies were of high quality. The sensitivity of BMI for diagnosing obesity and overweight varied considerably; specificity was less variable. Pooled sensitivity of BMI was 74% (95% CI 64.2% to 81.8%) and pooled specificity was 95% (95% CI 92.2% to 96.4%). The acceptability to children and their carers of BMI or other common simple measures was generally good.LimitationsLittle evidence was available regarding childhood measures other than BMI. No individual-level analysis could be performed.ConclusionsChildhood BMI is not a good predictor of adult obesity or adult disease; the majority of obese adults were not obese as children and most obesity-related adult morbidity occurs in adults who had a healthy childhood weight. However, obesity (as measured using BMI) was found to persist from childhood to adulthood, with most obese adolescents also being obese in adulthood. BMI was found to be reasonably good for diagnosing obesity during childhood. There is no convincing evidence suggesting that any simple measure is better than BMI for diagnosing obesity in childhood or predicting adult obesity and morbidity. Further research on obesity measures other than BMI is needed to determine which is the best tool for diagnosing childhood obesity, and new cohort studies are needed to investigate the impact of contemporary childhood obesity on adult obesity and obesity-related morbidities.Study registrationThis study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42013005711.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.

scholarly journals History of Childhood Abuse in Populations Incarcerated in Canada: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. e1-e11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Bodkin ◽  
Lucie Pivnick ◽  
Susan J. Bondy ◽  
Carolyn Ziegler ◽  
Ruth Elwood Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals T126. PSYCHIATRIC PREDICTORS FOR BECOMING HOMELESS AND EXITING HOMELESSNESS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S278-S278
Author(s):  
Sandra Nilsson ◽  
Merete Nordentoft ◽  
Carsten Hjorthøj
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Income ◽  
Adverse Life Events ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Homelessness is an increasing societal problem in high-income countries and often linked to psychiatric disorders. However, a study compiling the existing literature is lacking. The aim was to identify individual-level predictors for becoming homeless and exiting homelessness in a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science (up to January 2018). Becoming homeless and exiting homelessness were the outcomes. Observational studies with comparison groups from high-income countries were included. The Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used for bias assessment. Random effects models were used to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs). In all, 116 studies of predictors for becoming homeless and 18 for exiting homelessness were included. Results Psychiatric problems, especially drug use problems (OR 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5–5.1) and suicide attempts (OR 3.6, 95% CI 2.1–6.3) were associated with increased risk of homelessness. However, the heterogeneity was substantial in most analyses (I2>90%), and the estimates should be interpreted cautiously. Adverse life-events, including childhood abuse and foster care experiences, and past incarceration were also important predictors of homelessness. Psychotic problems (95% CI 0.4, 0.2–0.8; I2=0) and drug use problems (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6–0.9; I=0) reduced the chances for exiting homelessness. Female sex and having a partner increased the changes of exiting homelessness. Discussion Evidence for several psychiatric predictors for becoming homeless and exiting homelessness was identified. Additionally, socio-demographic factors, adverse life-events, and criminal behavior were important factors. There is a need for more focus on psychiatric vulnerabilities and early intervention to reduce the risk of homelessness.

Ultra-processed food consumption and adult obesity risk: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sajjad Moradi ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Entezari ◽  
Hamed Mohammadi ◽  
Ahmad Jayedi ◽  
Anastasia-Viktoria Lazaridi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Adult Obesity ◽  
Obesity Risk

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

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