scholarly journals Mesenchymal cell differentiation and diseases: involvement of translin/TRAX complexes and associated proteins

2018 ◽  
Vol 1421 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masataka Kasai ◽  
Reiko Ishida ◽  
Kazuhiko Nakahara ◽  
Ko Okumura ◽  
Katsunori Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Associated Proteins

scholarly journals Deimination, Intermediate Filaments and Associated Proteins

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8746
Author(s):  
Julie Briot ◽  
Michel Simon ◽  
Marie-Claire Méchin
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Associated Proteins

Deimination (or citrullination) is a post-translational modification catalyzed by a calcium-dependent enzyme family of five peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs). Deimination is involved in physiological processes (cell differentiation, embryogenesis, innate and adaptive immunity, etc.) and in autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and lupus), cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. Intermediate filaments (IF) and associated proteins (IFAP) are major substrates of PADs. Here, we focus on the effects of deimination on the polymerization and solubility properties of IF proteins and on the proteolysis and cross-linking of IFAP, to finally expose some features of interest and some limitations of citrullinomes.

Type I collagen induces mesenchymal cell differentiation into myofibroblasts through YAP-induced TGF-β1 activation

Biochimie ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 110-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Liu ◽  
Xinyu Long ◽  
Weiwei Liu ◽  
Yeli Zhao ◽  
Toshihiko Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Type I ◽  
Tgf Β1

scholarly journals Superoxide Mediates Shock Wave Induction of ERK-dependent Osteogenic Transcription Factor (CBFA1) and Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation toward Osteoprogenitors

2002 ◽  
Vol 277 (13) ◽  
pp. 10931-10937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Sheng Wang ◽  
Ching-Jen Wang ◽  
Shyr-Ming Sheen-Chen ◽  
Yur-Ren Kuo ◽  
Rong-Fu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell

Ras modulates commitment and maturation of 10T½ fibroblasts to adipocytes

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1249-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lu ◽  
Steve Anderson ◽  
Michael J. Corbley ◽  
Yu-Chun Zhou ◽  
Hugh Pross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Ras Gene ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Adipose Conversion ◽  
Differentiating Agent

The positive association of the ras oncogene with human cancer and the recognition that malignancy may, in part, represent the imbalance between cell proliferation and differentiation have generated intense interest in the potential role of ras in cell differentiation. We investigated this possibility utilizing as a model system the differentiation of the mesenchymal cell line C3H 10T½ (10T½) to adipocytes, and a series of transfectants of 10T½ cells in which the level of the ras gene product (p21ras; Ras) can be effectively up- or down-modulated. In agreement with previous reports, we found that 10T½ cultures, propagated in the resting state for several weeks, spontaneously convert to fat cells at a very low frequency. Downmodulation of endogenous p21ras levels, as a consequence of expression of antisense ras, markedly increased the rapidity and frequency of adipose conversion (6- to 10-fold), which was equivalent in magnitude to that effected by the potent differentiating agent 5-azacytidine. Conversely, overexpression of ras completely inhibited cell differentiation. In addition, adipocytes derived from antisense-ras expressing lines were characterized by a decrease in hormone responsiveness, as well as an apparent deficiency in attaining the terminally differentiated state. These findings suggest that Ras may be a negative regulator of the decision-making step of fibroblast differentiation to adipocytes. In addition, Ras may play an essential positive role in the transduction of hormonal signals necessary for full adipocytic maturation during later progression along the differentiation pathway.Key words: ras protooncogene, cell differentiation, signal transduction, insulin, adipocytes.

A Mechanochemical Microarray for Studying Combinatorial Effects on Embryonic Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (0) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Hashmi ◽  
Keekyoung Kim ◽  
Jalil Zerdani ◽  
Tadanori Mammoto ◽  
Juani Feliz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell

Taxol-induced assembly and characterization of microtubule proteins from developing brine shrimp (Artemia)

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvaneh Rafiee ◽  
Sara Ann MacKinlay ◽  
Thomas H. MacRae
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Microtubule Associated Proteins ◽  
Observable Change ◽  
Associated Proteins

Incubation of Artemia cell-free extracts with taxol, followed by centrifugation through sucrose cushions, yielded pellets composed of short, morphologically normal microtubules which exhibited a tendency to fray at their ends. Immunological staining of protein blots with polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies revealed that the major pellet protein is tubulin and that bovine neural tubulin and Artemia tubulin are antigenically distinct. By several criteria, but prinicipally by their taxol-induced coassembly with tubulin, many of the nontubulin pellet proteins are microtubule-associated proteins (MAP). In spite of extensive morphogenesis, hatching, and the eventual resumption of mitosis during development, no new MAP appear, with reduction in the number of MAP after hatching the only observable change in these proteins. We have yet to demonstrate a function for Artemia MAP but have shown that the rate and extent of assembly of Artemia tubulin, which polymerizes readily in vitro in the absence of MAP, are stimulated by bovine MAP. Electrophoretic analysis revealed that the taxol-assembled microtubules were composed of several isotubulins, these being identical to the isoforms in biochemically purified Artemia tubulin. In addition, a new Artemia α-tubulin was observed, and it was shown that the isotubulin population does not change during the period of development examined. Maintenance of identical isotubulin populations in developing organisms for extended periods, which suggests that all tubulins are functional, in concert with the lack of change in tubulin during cell differentiation, runs counter to the proposal that chemically distinct isotubulins are required for assembly of functionally specific microtubules.

scholarly journals Gene expression and protein secretion during human mesenchymal cell differentiation into adipogenic cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Romina Amable ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Telles Teixeira ◽  
Rosana Bizon Vieira Carias ◽  
José Mauro Granjeiro ◽  
Radovan Borojevic
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Protein Secretion ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell

scholarly journals PTHrP Regulates Chondrocyte Maturation in Condylar Cartilage

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 627-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B.M. Rabie ◽  
G.H. Tang ◽  
H. Xiong ◽  
U. Hägg
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Cartilage Volume ◽  
Mandibular Advancement ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Chondrocyte Maturation ◽  
Pthrp Expression

PTHrP is a key factor regulating the pace of endochondral ossification during skeletal development. Mandibular advancement solicits a cascade of molecular responses in condylar cartilage. However, the pace of cellular maturation and its effects on condylar growth are still unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pattern of expression of PTHrP and correlate it to cellular dynamics of chondrocytes in condylar cartilage during natural growth and mandibular advancement. We fitted 35-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats with functional appliances. Experimental animals with matched controls were labeled with bromodeoxyuridine 3 days before their death, so that mesenchymal cell differentiation could be traced. Mandibular advancement increased the number of differentiated chondroblasts and subsequently increased the cartilage volume. Higher levels of PTHrP expression in experimental animals coincided with the slowing of chondrocyte hypertrophy. Thus, mandibular advancement promoted mesenchymal cell differentiation and triggered PTHrP expression, which retarded their further maturation to allow for more growth.

scholarly journals The Dentin Sialoprotein (DSP) Domain Regulates Dental Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation through a Novel Surface Receptor

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Wan ◽  
Guohua Yuan ◽  
Daoshu Luo ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Heng Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Surface Receptor ◽  
Dentin Sialoprotein
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