scholarly journals Evidence for distinct isotopic compositions of sap and tissue water in tree stems: consequences for plant water source identification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrià Barbeta ◽  
Régis Burlett ◽  
Paula Martín‐Gómez ◽  
Bastien Fréjaville ◽  
Nicolas Devert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Identification ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Isotopic Compositions ◽  
Plant Water Source

scholarly journals Potential effects of cryogenic extraction biases on inferences drawn from xylem water deuterium isotope ratios: case studies using stable isotopes to infer plant water sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott T. Allen ◽  
James W. Kirchner
Keyword(s):  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Dual Isotope ◽  
Cryogenic Vacuum ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
End Members ◽  
Plant Water Source ◽  
Plant Water Sources ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Recent studies have demonstrated that plant and soilwater extraction techniques can introduce biases and uncertainties in stable isotope analyses. Here we show how recently documented δ2H biases resulting from cryogenic vacuum distillation of water from xylem tissues may have influenced the conclusions of five previous studies, including ours, that have used δ2H to infer plant water sources. Cryogenic extraction biases that reduce xylem water δ2H will also introduce an artifactual evaporation signal in dual-isotope (δ2H vs. δ18O) analyses. Calculations that estimate the composition of the source precipitation of xylem waters by compensating for their apparent evaporation will amplify the bias in δ2H, and also introduce new biases in the δ18O of the inferred pre-evaporation source precipitation. Cryogenic extraction biases may substantially alter plant water source attributions if the spread in δ2H among the potential end members is relatively narrow. By contrast, if the spread in δ2H among the potential end members is relatively wide, the impact of cryogenic extraction biases will be less pronounced, and thus suggestions that these biases universally invalidate inferences drawn from plant water δ2H are unwarranted. Nonetheless, until reliable correction factors for cryogenic extraction biases become available, their potential impact should be considered in studies using xylem water isotopes.

scholarly journals A method to determine plant water source using transpired water

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 863-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Menchaca ◽  
B. M. Smith ◽  
J. Connolly ◽  
M. Conrad ◽  
B. Emmett
Keyword(s):  
Water Source ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Plant Water Source

On the use of leaf water to determine plant water source: A proof of concept

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Benettin ◽  
Magali F. Nehemy ◽  
Lucas A. Cernusak ◽  
Ansgar Kahmen ◽  
Jeffrey J. McDonnell
Keyword(s):  
Water Source ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Plant Water Source

Physiological processes in plantation establishment and the development of specifications for forest planting stock

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Burdett
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Plant Water Status ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Plantation Establishment ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Planting Stock ◽  
Central Process

Both the morphological and physiological characteristics of forest planting stock vary widely with nursery culture and environment. Through the control of environmentally determined variation in phenotype, stock can be adapted to both the stress of transplanting from nursery to forest site and the particular environmental conditions of the forest site. Evidence is discussed that indicates that the stress of transplanting is primarily water stress, resulting from (i) the confinement of roots to the planting hole, (ii) poor root–soil contact, and (iii) low root permeability. These deficiencies are overcome by root growth, which is thus a central process in plantation establishment. Root growth depends largely on current photosynthesis. Photosynthesis depends on the assimilation of carbon dioxide at the expense of lost water in transpiration. Transpiration is limited by water uptake and hence depends on root growth. Root growth and photosynthesis in newly planted trees are thus mutually dependent. Because of this relationship, plant water status immediately after planting, or as soon as conditions favorable to root growth occur, is a crucial factor in determining plantation establishment success. High plant tissue water status immediately after planting, or as soon as environmental conditions permit root growth, allows the onset of a positive cycle of root growth supported by photosynthesis and photosynthesis supported by root growth; whereas low tissue water potential immediately after planting can lead to the inhibition or root growth by a lack of photosynthesis and the inhibition of photosynthesis by a lack of root growth. Stock characteristics that enhance plant water status immediately after planting are reviewed and the scope for their control considered. Stock characteristics affecting adaptation to particular planting site conditions, or capable of affecting postestablishment plantation performance, are also discussed.

Internal Water Balance of Brigalow (Acacia harpophylla F. Muell.) Under Natural Conditions

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
BR Tunstall ◽  
DJ Connor
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Carbon Uptake ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Litter Fall ◽  
Tissue Water ◽  
Diffusive Resistance ◽  
Plant Water Potential ◽  
Water Contents

On one day each month over a period of 2½ years, diurnal measurements of plant water status, leaf diffusive resistance, carbon uptake, irradiance, ambient temperature and humidity were made in a brigalow community. Diurnal changes in leaf diffusive resistance, osmotic potential, plant water potential, and carbon uptake are shown to follow general patterns and the changes in plant water potential were related to the dawn value of plant water potential. The data suggest the development of negative turgor in brigalow and demonstrate the capacity of the plant to maintain high tissue water contents at low water potentials. Measurements of shoot extension and litter fall showed that litter fall occurred principally following shoot extension.

Source identification of inrush water based on groundwater hydrochemistry and statistical analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linhua Sun ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
Herong Gui
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Source Identification ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Major Ion ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Groundwater Hydrochemistry

Water source identification is important for water hazard controlling in coal mines. In this study, major ion concentrations of the groundwater collected from four representative aquifer systems in the Baishan coal mine, northern Anhui Province, China, have been analysed by a series of statistical methods. The results indicate that the major ion concentrations of the groundwater from different aquifer system are different with each other, and provided the possibility of water source identification based on hydrochemistry. Factor analysis indicates that these differences are controlled by different types of water rock interactions. The analysis based on US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Unmix model identified three sources (weathering of silicate minerals, dissolution of carbonate and evaporate minerals) responsible for the hydrochemical variations of the groundwater. Also, it shows that their contributions for the groundwater in different aquifer systems vary considerably. Based on these variations and on step by step analysis, the source aquifer system for the groundwater samples with unknown source has been determined and, similar to the result obtained by the cluster and discriminant analysis. Therefore, EPA Unmix model can be applied for water source identification in coal mine, as it can provide information about water rock interaction and water source identification simultaneously.

scholarly journals How plant water status drives tree source water partitioning

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali F. Nehemy ◽  
Paolo Benettin ◽  
Mitra Asadollahi ◽  
Dyan Pratt ◽  
Andrea Rinaldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Distribution ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Soil Matric Potential ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Water Partitioning ◽  
Source Partitioning

Abstract. The stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen (δ2H and δ18O) have been widely used to investigate plant water source partitioning. These tracers have shed new light on patterns of plant water use in time and space. However, this black box approach has limited our source water interpretations and mechanistic understanding. Here, we combine measurements of stable isotope composition in xylem and soil water pools with measurements of plant hydraulics, fine root distribution and soil matric potential to investigate mechanism(s) driving tree water source partitioning. We used a 2 m3 lysimeter planted with a small willow tree (Salix viminalis) to conduct a high spatial-temporal resolution experiment. We found that tree water source partitioning was driven mainly by tree water status and not by patterns of fine root distribution. Source water partitioning was regulated by plant hydraulic response to changing atmospheric demand and soil matric potential. The depth distribution of soil matric potential appeared to be the largest control on the patterns of soil water partitioning during periods of tree water deficit. Contrary to the common steady state assumption in ecohydrological source water investigations, our results show that tree water use is a dynamic process, driven by tree water deficit. Overall, our findings suggest new research foci for future plant water isotopic investigations, highlighting the importance of hydrometric measurements from the plant perspective.

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