Direct foliar uptake of phosphorus from desert dust

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avner Gross ◽  
Sudeep Tiwari ◽  
Ilana Shtein ◽  
Ran Erel
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Uptake ◽  
Desert Dust

scholarly journals Barriers to Efficient Foliar Uptake of dsRNA and Molecular Barriers to dsRNA Activity in Plant Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bennett ◽  
Jill Deikman ◽  
Bill Hendrix ◽  
Alberto Iandolino
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cells ◽  
Foliar Uptake

scholarly journals Impact of Desert Dust Radiative Forcing on Sahel Precipitation: Relative Importance of Dust Compared to Sea Surface Temperature Variations, Vegetation Changes, and Greenhouse Gas Warming

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1445-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Yoshioka ◽  
Natalie M. Mahowald ◽  
Andrew J. Conley ◽  
William D. Collins ◽  
David W. Fillmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Desert Dust ◽  
Direct Radiative Forcing ◽  
Sahel Region ◽  
Precipitation Reduction ◽  
Sahel Precipitation

Abstract The role of direct radiative forcing of desert dust aerosol in the change from wet to dry climate observed in the African Sahel region in the last half of the twentieth century is investigated using simulations with an atmospheric general circulation model. The model simulations are conducted either forced by the observed sea surface temperature (SST) or coupled with the interactive SST using the Slab Ocean Model (SOM). The simulation model uses dust that is less absorbing in the solar wavelengths and has larger particle sizes than other simulation studies. As a result, simulations show less shortwave absorption within the atmosphere and larger longwave radiative forcing by dust. Simulations using SOM show reduced precipitation over the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) including the Sahel region and increased precipitation south of the ITCZ when dust radiative forcing is included. In SST-forced simulations, on the other hand, significant precipitation changes are restricted to over North Africa. These changes are considered to be due to the cooling of global tropical oceans as well as the cooling of the troposphere over North Africa in response to dust radiative forcing. The model simulation of dust cannot capture the magnitude of the observed increase of desert dust when allowing dust to respond to changes in simulated climate, even including changes in vegetation, similar to previous studies. If the model is forced to capture observed changes in desert dust, the direct radiative forcing by the increase of North African dust can explain up to 30% of the observed precipitation reduction in the Sahel between wet and dry periods. A large part of this effect comes through atmospheric forcing of dust, and dust forcing on the Atlantic Ocean SST appears to have a smaller impact. The changes in the North and South Atlantic SSTs may account for up to 50% of the Sahel precipitation reduction. Vegetation loss in the Sahel region may explain about 10% of the observed drying, but this effect is statistically insignificant because of the small number of years in the simulation. Greenhouse gas warming seems to have an impact to increase Sahel precipitation that is opposite to the observed change. Although the estimated values of impacts are likely to be model dependent, analyses suggest the importance of direct radiative forcing of dust and feedbacks in modulating Sahel precipitation.

THE FOLIAR UPTAKE OF MICRONUTRIENTS

2008 ◽  
pp. 631-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Durstberger ◽  
H.R. Bolhàr-Nordenkampf ◽  
M.H. Meister ◽  
J. Zahrl
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Uptake

scholarly journals Desert dust transported over Europe: Lidar observations and model evaluation of the radiative impact

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (7) ◽  
pp. 2881-2898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pitari ◽  
Glauco Di Genova ◽  
Eleonora Coppari ◽  
Natalia De Luca ◽  
Piero Di Carlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Evaluation ◽  
Desert Dust ◽  
Radiative Impact ◽  
Lidar Observations

A laboratory desert dust generator using vibration on a soil sample: mineralogical and compositional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihan Qu ◽  
Amel Trabelsi ◽  
Remi Losno ◽  
Fabrice Monna ◽  
Sophie Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Desert Dust ◽  
Dust Generator ◽  
Compositional Study

scholarly journals Modeling the radiative effects of desert dust on weather and regional climate

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5489-5504 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Spyrou ◽  
G. Kallos ◽  
C. Mitsakou ◽  
P. Athanasiadis ◽  
C. Kalogeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Radiative Effects ◽  
Desert Dust

Abstract. Mineral dust aerosols exert a significant effect on both solar and terrestrial radiation. By absorbing and scattering, the solar radiation aerosols reduce the amount of energy reaching the surface. In addition, aerosols enhance the greenhouse effect by absorbing and emitting outgoing longwave radiation. Desert dust forcing exhibits large regional and temporal variability due to its short lifetime and diverse optical properties, further complicating the quantification of the direct radiative effect (DRE). The complexity of the links and feedbacks of dust on radiative transfer indicate the need for an integrated approach in order to examine these impacts. In order to examine these feedbacks, the SKIRON limited area model has been upgraded to include the RRTMG (Rapid Radiative Transfer Model – GCM) radiative transfer model that takes into consideration the aerosol radiative effects. It was run for a 6 year period. Two sets of simulations were performed, one without the effects of dust and the other including the radiative feedback. The results were first evaluated using aerosol optical depth data to examine the capabilities of the system in describing the desert dust cycle. Then the aerosol feedback on radiative transfer was quantified and the links between dust and radiation were studied. The study has revealed a strong interaction between dust particles and solar and terrestrial radiation, with several implications on the energy budget of the atmosphere. A profound effect is the increased absorption (in the shortwave and longwave) in the lower troposphere and the induced modification of the atmospheric temperature profile. These feedbacks depend strongly on the spatial distribution of dust and have more profound effects where the number of particles is greater, such as near their source.

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