scholarly journals Untangling structural factors driving genome stabilization in nascent Brassica napus allopolyploids

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 (5) ◽  
pp. 2072-2084
Author(s):  
Julie Ferreira de Carvalho ◽  
Solenn Stoeckel ◽  
Frédérique Eber ◽  
Maryse Lodé‐Taburel ◽  
Marie‐Madeleine Gilet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Genome Stabilization

scholarly journals Untangling structural factors and evolutionary drivers in nascent polyploids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Ferreira de Carvalho ◽  
Solenn Stoeckel ◽  
Frederic Eber ◽  
Maryse Lode-Taburel ◽  
Marie-Madeleine Gilet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Meiotic Behavior ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Polyploid Formation ◽  
Formation Type ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Genome Stabilization

(1)Allopolyploids have globally higher fitness than their diploid progenitors however, by comparison, most resynthesized allopolyploids have poor fertility and highly unstable genome. Elucidating the evolutionary processes promoting genome stabilization and fertility is thus essential to comprehend allopolyploid success. (2)Using the Brassica model, we mimicked the speciation process of a nascent allopolyploid species by resynthesizing allotetraploid B. napus and systematically selecting for euploid individuals over eight generations in four independent allopolyploidization events with contrasted genetic backgrounds, cytoplasmic donors and polyploid formation type. We evaluated the evolution of meiotic behavior, fertility and identified rearrangements in S1 to S9 lineages, to explore the positive consequences of euploid selection on B. napus genome stability. (3)Recurrent selection of euploid plants for eight generations drastically reduced the percentage of aneuploid progenies as early as the fourth generation, concomitantly with a quasi disappearance of newly fixed homoeologous rearrangements. The consequences of homoeologous rearrangements on meiotic behavior and seed number strongly depended on the genetic background and cytoplasm donor. (4)The combined use of both self-fertilisation and outcrossing as well as recurrent euploid selection, allowed identification of genomic regions associated with fertility and meiotic behavior, providing complementary evidence to explain B. napus speciation success.

Hormonal requirement and tissue competency for shoot organogenesis in two cultivars of Brassica napus

1992 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-530
Author(s):  
Jacques Julliard ◽  
Lucienne Sossountzov ◽  
Yvette Habricot ◽  
Georges Pelletier
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Shoot Organogenesis

Sociostructural Aspects of Socio-Economic Development:The role of Economic approach

2014 ◽  
pp. 86-105
Author(s):  
M. Shabanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The author discusses the importance of studying socio-structural factors of socio-economic development through a broader application of the economic approach. The resources of status positions of economic agents are in the spotlight. A possible platform for interdisciplinary interactions is proposed which allows to increase the contribution of both economics and sociology in improving governance at all levels.

Regional effects of inflation targeting in Russia: Factors of heterogeneity and structural inflation rates

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-89
Author(s):  
Michael I. Zhemkov
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Regional Effects ◽  
Inflation Rates ◽  
Price Growth ◽  
Effective Exchange ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Communication Policies ◽  
Structural Levels

Inflation targeting in Russia implies maintaining stable low inflation at a level of 4% throughout the country. The presence of structural factors in some regions can determine deviations from the all-Russian inflation, which can lead to different effects of monetary policy in Russian regions. In this paper, we analyze regional heterogeneity of inflation and factors of inflation deviations from the national average, estimate structural levels of inflation in the regions of Russian Federation. These estimates confirm the presence of some regional factors of inflation deviations from the all-Russian indicator, such as the difference in productivity growth of the tradable and non-tradable sectors (Balassa—Samuelson effect), effective exchange rates, real incomes and product stocks. In addition, our results confirm the presence of regions with price growth rate above and below monetary policy target. The results of this research can be used for the development of monetary and communication policies.

The Economic Theory of the Firm: A Generalization

2012 ◽  
pp. 41-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Storchevoy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Contract Theory ◽  
Theory Of The Firm ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Boundaries Of The Firm ◽  
Opportunistic Behaviour ◽  
New Variant

The paper deals with development of a general theory of the firm. It discusses the demand for such a theory, reviews existing approaches to its generalization, and offers a new variant of general theory of the firm based on the contract theory. The theory is based on minimization of opportunistic behaviour determined by the material structure of production (a classification of ten structural factors is offered). This framework is applied to the analysis of three boundaries problems (boundaries of the job, boundaries of the unit, boundaries of the firm) and five integration dilemmas (vertical, horizontal, functional, related, and conglomerate).

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