scholarly journals Small-scale indirect plant responses to insect herbivory could have major impacts on canopy photosynthesis and isoprene emission

2018 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristiina Visakorpi ◽  
Sofia Gripenberg ◽  
Yadvinder Malhi ◽  
Conor Bolas ◽  
Imma Oliveras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Canopy Photosynthesis ◽  
Isoprene Emission

Small-scale distribution and salinity response of Juniperus virginiana on an Atlantic Coast barrier island

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Martin ◽  
Donald R. Young
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Barrier Island ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Rooting Zone ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Salinity Response

A field and laboratory study examined the hypothesis that the small-scale distribution pattern of Juniperus virginiana on barrier islands is related to salinity patterns and plant responses to salinity. Temporal (May – October) and spatial variability in ground water availability, ground water salinity, and total soil chlorides were quantified across a Virginia barrier island. Groundwater depth and salinity increased throughout the summer; microtopographic position and location on the island also affected soil salinities. Highest salinities occurred near the ocean side beach and bay side marsh, as well as in low lying swales that flood during extreme high tides or storms. Median rooting zone chloride level for J. virginiana was 54 μg/g. In contrast, laboratory germination and growth studies indicated that J. virginiana was significantly affected only at high salinity levels (1000 and 1400 μg/g), suggesting that salinity is not the only factor regulating small-scale distribution patterns. The broad tolerance to salinity may account for the abundance of J. virginiana in coastal environments. Key words: barrier island, eastern red cedar, Juniperus virginiana, salinity response, water relations.

scholarly journals Tomato Protein Kinase 1b Mediates Signaling of Plant Responses to Necrotrophic Fungi and Insect Herbivory

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1964-1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Synan AbuQamar ◽  
Mao-Feng Chai ◽  
Hongli Luo ◽  
Fengming Song ◽  
Tesfaye Mengiste
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Necrotrophic Fungi

Emerging role of roots in plant responses to aboveground insect herbivory

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vamsi J. Nalam ◽  
Jyoti Shah ◽  
Punya Nachappa
Keyword(s):  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Plant Responses

scholarly journals Roots under attack: contrasting plant responses to below- and aboveground insect herbivory

2016 ◽  
Vol 210 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott N. Johnson ◽  
Matthias Erb ◽  
Susan E. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Plant Responses

scholarly journals Response of Five Miscanthus sinensis Cultivars to Grasshopper Herbivory: Implications for Monitoring of Invasive Grasses in Protected Areas

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Alina Avanesyan ◽  
William O. Lamp
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biotic Resistance ◽  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Miscanthus Sinensis ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Invasive Grasses

Introduced grasses can aggressively expand their range and invade native habitats, including protected areas. Miscanthus sinensis is an introduced ornamental grass with 100+ cultivars of various invasive potential. Previous studies have demonstrated that the invasive potential of M. sinensis cultivars may be linked to seed viability, and some of the physiological traits, such as growth rate. Little is known, however, about whether these traits are associated with response of M. sinensis to insect herbivory, and whether plant tolerance and resistance to herbivory vary among its cultivars; which, in turn, can contribute to the invasive potential of some of M. sinensis cultivars. To address this issue, in our study we explored the response of five cultivars of M. sinensis to herbivory by Melanoplus grasshoppers. We demonstrated that plant responses varied among the cultivars during a season; all the cultivars, but “Zebrinus”, demonstrated a significant increase in plant tolerance by the end of the growing season regardless of the amount of sustained leaf damage. Different patterns in plant responses from “solid green” and “striped/spotted” varieties were recorded, with the lowest plant resistance detected for “Autumn Anthem” in the cage experiment. Our results have important applications for monitoring low-risk invaders in protected areas, as well as for biotic resistance of native communities to invasive grasses.

scholarly journals The Landscape of the Genomic Distribution and the Expression of the F-Box Genes Unveil Genome Plasticity in Hexaploid Wheat during Grain Development and in Response to Heat and Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3111
Author(s):  
Claire Guérin ◽  
Saïd Mouzeyar ◽  
Jane Roche
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
26S Proteasome ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Genomic Distribution ◽  
Complex Events

FBX proteins are subunits of the SCF complex (Skp1–cullin–FBX) belonging to the E3 ligase family, which is involved in the ubiquitin–proteasome 26S (UPS) pathway responsible for the post-translational protein turnover. By targeting, in a selective manner, key regulatory proteins for ubiquitination and 26S proteasome degradation, FBX proteins play a major role in plant responses to diverse developmental and stress conditions. Although studies on the genomic organization of the FBX gene family in various species have been reported, knowledge related to bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is scarce and needs to be broadened. Using the latest assembly of the wheat genome, we identified 3670 TaFBX genes distributed non-homogeneously within the three subgenomes (A, B and D) and between the 21 chromosomes, establishing it as one of the richest gene families among plant species. Based on the presence of the five different chromosomal regions previously identified, the present study focused on the genomic distribution of the TaFBX family and the identification of differentially expressed genes during the embryogenesis stages and in response to heat and drought stress. Most of the time, when comparing the expected number of genes (taking into account the formal gene distribution on the entire wheat genome), the TaFBX family harbors a different pattern at the various stratum of observation (subgenome, chromosome, chromosomal regions). We report here that the local gene expansion of the TaFBX family must be the consequence of multiple and complex events, including tandem and small-scale duplications. Regarding the differentially expressed TaFBX genes, while the majority of the genes are localized in the distal chromosomal regions (R1 and R3), differentially expressed genes are more present in the interstitial regions (R2a and R2b) than expected, which could be an indication of the preservation of major genes in those specific chromosomal regions.

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