scholarly journals Recent origin and rapid speciation of Neotropical orchids in the world's richest plant biodiversity hotspot

2017 ◽  
Vol 215 (2) ◽  
pp. 891-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Alejandro Pérez-Escobar ◽  
Guillaume Chomicki ◽  
Fabien L. Condamine ◽  
Adam P. Karremans ◽  
Diego Bogarín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Rapid Speciation ◽  
Recent Origin

scholarly journals Extinction Risk and Diversification Are Linked in a Plant Biodiversity Hotspot

PLoS Biology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e1000620 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Jonathan Davies ◽  
Gideon F. Smith ◽  
Dirk U. Bellstedt ◽  
James S. Boatwright ◽  
Benny Bytebier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Plant Biodiversity

scholarly journals Angiosperms of dry grasslands and savannahs of Jalapão, the largest conserved Cerrado area in Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Medeiros Antar ◽  
Paulo Takeo Sano
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Agricultural Expansion ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Cerrado Biome ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Angiosperm Species ◽  
Herbarium Collections

Abstract This study provides a checklist of angiosperm species from Jalapão region, Tocantins, Brazil, inserted within the Cerrado biome, a global biodiversity hotspot. The region of Jalapão is still well preserved despite current threats to its biodiversity, however its plant diversity is still poorly understood. To generate the present checklist, fieldwork was carried out and relevant herbarium collections were consulted. Angiosperms distributed in the grassland and savanna physiognomies with dry, non-rocky soils were recorded. We detected 550 species within 85 families. The richest families are Leguminosae, Poaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Malpighiaceae and Euphorbiaceae. Among the plant species, ten are listed as rare, ten are threatened, and twelve were identified as new to science. This study increases the number of angiosperm species occurring in these vegetation types in Jalapão almost 2-fold compared to previous inventories. The Cerrado biome and Jalapão region are under heavy threat due to agricultural expansion, and our study contributes to the knowledge of plant biodiversity as a fundamental step towards designing and carrying out conservation actions.

scholarly journals Recent origin of Neotropical orchids in the world’s richest plant biodiversity hotspot

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Alejandro Pérez-Escobar ◽  
Guillaume Chomicki ◽  
Fabien L. Condamine ◽  
Adam P. Karremans ◽  
Diego Bogarín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Species Diversification ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Phylogenetic Methods ◽  
Andean Flora ◽  
Recent Origin ◽  
Long Timescales

Abstract• The Andean mountains of South America are the most species-rich biodiversity hotspot worldwide with about 15% of the world’s plant species, in only 1% of the world’s land surface. Orchids are a key element of the Andean flora, and one of the most prominent components of the Neotropical epiphyte diversity, yet very little is known about their origin and diversification.• We address this knowledge gap by inferring the biogeographical history and evolutionary dynamics of the two largest Neotropical orchid groups (Cymbidieae and Pleurothallidinae), using two unparalleled, densely-sampled orchid phylogenies (including 400+ newly generated DNA sequences), comparative phylogenetic methods, geological and biological datasets.• We find that the majority of Andean orchid lineages only originated in the last 15 million years. Most Andean lineages are derived from lowland Amazonian ancestors, with additional contributions from Central America and the Antilles. Species diversification is correlated with Andean orogeny, and multiple migrations and re-colonizations across the Andes indicate that mountains do not constrain orchid dispersal over long timescales.• Our study sheds new light on the timing and geography of a major Neotropical radiation, and suggests that mountain uplift promotes species diversification across all elevational zones.

Genomics of the divergence continuum in an African plant biodiversity hotspot, I: drivers of population divergence inRestio capensis(Restionaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (17) ◽  
pp. 4373-4386 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lexer ◽  
R. O. Wüest ◽  
S. Mangili ◽  
M. Heuertz ◽  
K. N. Stölting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Plant Biodiversity

Evidence of a predation event on a tagged Mediterranean spearfish (Tetrapturus belone; Pisces, Istiophoridae), inferred from pop-up satellite tagging data

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Danilo Malara ◽  
Pietro Battaglia ◽  
Pierpaolo Consoli ◽  
Erika Arcadi ◽  
Simonepietro Canese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Pelagic Species ◽  
Archival Tag ◽  
Abiotic Parameters ◽  
Predation Event ◽  
Satellite Tagging ◽  
First Time

The Strait of Messina is located at the centre of the Mediterranean Sea and is considered a biodiversity hotspot and an obligatory seasonal passage for different pelagic species such as sharks, marine mammals, and billfishes. For the first time, in the Strait of Messina, our research group tagged a Mediterranean spearfish (Tetrapturus belone) using a pop-up satellite archival tag (PSAT). The observation of abiotic parameters (depth, light, and temperature) recorded by the PSAT confirmed that the tagged specimen was predated after about nine hours. The tag was then regurgitated 14 days after the tag deployment date. The analysis of collected data seems to indicate that the predator may be an ectothermic shark, most likely the bluntnose sixgill shark (Hexanchus griseus).

Data Capture Project at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh

2009 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Natacha Frachon ◽  
Martin Gardner ◽  
David Rae
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Royal Botanic Garden ◽  
Data Capture ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Collections ◽  
Field Notes

Botanic gardens, with their large holdings of living plants collected from around the world, are important guardians of plant biodiversity, but acquiring and curating these genetic resources is enormously expensive. For these reasons it is crucial that botanic gardens document and curate their collections in order to gain the greatest benefit from the plants in their care. Great priority is given to making detailed field notes and the process of documentation is often continued during the plants formative years when being propagated. However, for the large majority of plants this process often stops once the material is planted in its final garden location. The Data Capture Project at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh is an attempt to document specific aspects of the plant collections so that the information captured can be of use to the research community even after the plants have died.

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