Sustained esophageal longitudinal smooth muscle contraction may not be a cause of noncardiac chest pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. e13428
Author(s):  
K. McIntosh ◽  
W. G. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Noncardiac Chest Pain ◽  
Longitudinal Smooth Muscle

Smooth muscle contraction in presence of an inhibitor of K efflux

1964 ◽  
Vol 206 (5) ◽  
pp. 1021-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan D. Bass ◽  
Leon Hurwitz ◽  
Bolton Smith
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Guinea Pig Ileum ◽  
Pronounced Change ◽  
Potassium Efflux ◽  
Longitudinal Smooth Muscle ◽  
Desoxycorticosterone Acetate ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contractions

Contractions of the isolated longitudinal smooth muscle from guinea pig ileum produced by pilocarpine are regularly accompanied by increases in the efflux of potassium ion. A concentration of 7.4 x 10–6 m pilocarpine produced a maximum smooth muscle contraction and an increase in potassium efflux which averaged 157% above that of unexcited fibers. In the presence of appropriate concentrations of the inhibitor (desoxycorticosterone acetate) pilocarpine evoked small to negligible increases in potassium efflux, whereas the smooth muscle contractions elicited were about 81% of the control. These data show that pilocarpine can produce a near maximal smooth muscle contraction in the absence of any pronounced change in outward flux of potassium ion.

Role of cADPR in sodium nitroprusside-induced opossum esophageal longitudinal smooth muscle contraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (6) ◽  
pp. G1543-G1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Campbell ◽  
R. W. Wells ◽  
D. V. Miller ◽  
W. G. Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Circular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Longitudinal Smooth Muscle ◽  
Second Messenger Pathways ◽  
Opposing Effects

Nitric oxide (NO) relaxes most smooth muscle, including the circular smooth muscle (CSM) of the esophagus, whereas in the adjacent longitudinal smooth muscle (LSM), it causes contraction. The second messenger pathways responsible for this NO-induced LSM contraction are unclear, given that these opposing effects of NO are both cGMP dependent. In intestinal LSM, but not CSM, cADP ribose (cADPR)-dependent pathways participate in Ca2+ mobilization and muscle contraction; whether similar differences exist in the esophagus is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cADPR plays a role in the NO-mediated contraction of opossum esophageal LSM. Standard isometric tension recordings were performed using both LSM and CSM strips from opossum distal esophagus that were hung in 10-ml tissue baths perfused with oxygenated Krebs solution. cADPR produced concentration-dependent contraction of LSM strips with an EC50 of 1 nM and peak contraction of 57 ± 18% of the 60 mM KCl-induced contraction. cADPR had no effect on CSM strips at concentrations up to 10−6 M. The EC50 of cADPR caused contraction (18 ± 2% from initial resting length) of isolated LSM cells. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 300 μM) induced contraction of LSM strips that averaged 67 ± 5% of the KCl response. cADPR antagonists 8-bromo-cADPR and 8-amino-cADPR, as well as ryanodine receptor antagonists ryanodine and tetracaine, significantly inhibited the SNP-induced contraction. In conclusion, in the opossum esophagus, 1) cADPR induces contraction of LSM, but not CSM, and 2) NO-induced contraction of LSM appears to involve a cADPR-dependent pathway.

Comparison of inhibitory effects of lithium and magnesium on longitudinal smooth muscle contraction

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 411S-411S ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN M. EDBURY ◽  
FIONA J. HEMMINGS ◽  
ROBERT J. DAVIE ◽  
NICHOLAS J. BIRCH
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Longitudinal Smooth Muscle
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