Food, nutrition, physical activity and cancer - keeping the evidence current: WCRF/AICR Continuous Update Project

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Simmonds ◽  
P. Mitrou ◽  
M. J. Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Food Nutrition ◽  
Continuous Update Project

scholarly journals P1-354 WCRF/AICR continuous update project: keeping the evidence on food, nutrition, physical activity, and cancer up to date

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A165-A165 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Thompson ◽  
S. Higginbotham ◽  
M. Wiseman ◽  
D. McGinley-Gieser ◽  
K. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Food Nutrition ◽  
Continuous Update Project

Eating frequency and weight status in Portuguese children aged 3–9 years: results from the cross-sectional National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2015–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 2793-2802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Vilela ◽  
Daniela Correia ◽  
Milton Severo ◽  
Andreia Oliveira ◽  
Duarte Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Portuguese Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Frequency ◽  
Food Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition And Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Survey ◽  
Main Meals

AbstractObjective:To evaluate daily eating frequency (main meals and snacks) in relation to weight status in children aged 3–9 years, representative of the Portuguese population.Design:Cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was estimated as the mean of two non-consecutive days of food diaries, followed by face-to-face interviews. Weight and height were measured by trained observers. Eating occasions (EO) were defined by the children’s caregiver; an EO was considered separate if the time of consumption was different from other EO and it provided at least 209 kJ (50 kcal). Main meals defined as ‘breakfast’, ‘lunch’ and ‘dinner’ could be selected only once per day. The remaining EO were considered snacks. The association between eating frequency and overweight/obesity was evaluated through logistic regressions weighted for the population distribution.Setting:National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey of the Portuguese population, 2015–2016.Participants:Portuguese children aged 3–9 years with complete dietary data and anthropometric measurements (n 517).Results:Overall, the number of daily EO ranged from 3·5 to 11, and on average children had 5·7 daily EO. After adjustment for child’s sex, age and total energy intake, and considering only plausible energy intake reporters, having < 3 snacks/d was positively associated with being overweight/obese (OR = 1·98; 95 % CI 1·00, 3·90), compared with having ≥ 3 snacks/d.Conclusions:Lower daily frequency of EO was associated with increased odds of being overweight or obese in children. A higher eating frequency, maintaining the same energy intake, seems to contribute to a healthy body weight in children.

scholarly journals The Second World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Expert Report. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Independent Panel ◽  
Food Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition And Physical Activity ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
International Experts

It has been estimated by various authorities that about one-third of cancers in Western high-income societies are attributable to factors relating to food, nutrition and physical activity. Identifying with confidence specific associations between dietary patterns, foods, body composition or individual nutrients is not simple because of the long latent period for cancer development, its complex pathogenesis and the challenge of characterising the multidimensional aspects of diet and activity over a lifetime. Reliable conclusions must therefore be drawn not only from randomised controlled trials but from a variety of methodological approaches, judged within a classic framework for inferring causality. Using a newly-developed method with a protocol for standardising the literature search and for analysis and display of the evidence, nine independent academic centres have conducted systematic reviews addressing the causal associations between food, nutrition and physical activity and risk of development of seventeen cancers, as well as of weight gain and obesity. A review has also examined the efficacy of such interventions in subjects with cancer. The reviews have been assessed by an independent Panel of twenty-one international experts who drew conclusions with grades of confidence in the causality of associations and made recommendations. Recommendations are given as public health goals as well as for individuals.

scholarly journals Policies and Actions for Cancer Prevention: Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Kirsty Beck ◽  
Rachel L. Thompson ◽  
Kate Allen ◽  
Martin Wiseman ◽  
Michael Marmot
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Food Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition And Physical Activity

scholarly journals Reproducibility of systematic literature reviews on food, nutrition, physical activity and endometrial cancer

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1006-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Thompson ◽  
EV Bandera ◽  
VJ Burley ◽  
JE Cade ◽  
D Forman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Food Nutrition ◽  
Search And Selection ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractObjectiveDespite the increasing dependence on systematic reviews to summarise the literature and to issue public health recommendations, the formal assessment of the reliability of conclusions emerging from systematic reviews has received little attention. The main goal of the present study was to evaluate whether two independent centres, in two continents, draw similar conclusions regarding the association of food, nutrition and physical activity and endometrial cancer, when provided with the same general instructions and with similar resources.DesignThe assessment of reproducibility concentrated on four main areas: (1) paper search and selection; (2) assignment of study design; (3) inclusion of ‘key’ papers; and (4) individual studies selected for meta-analysis and the summary risk estimate obtained.ResultsIn total 310 relevant papers were identified, 166 (54 %) were included by both centres. Of the remaining 144 papers, 72 (50 %) were retrieved in the searches of one centre and not the other (54 in centre A, 18 in centre B) and 72 were retrieved in both searches but regarded as relevant by only one of the centres (52 in centre A, 20 in centre B). Of papers included by both centres, 80 % were allocated the same study design. Agreement for inclusion of cohort-type and case–control studies was about 63 % compared with 50 % or less for ecological and case series studies. The agreement for inclusion of 138 ‘key’ papers was 87 %. Summary risk estimates from meta-analyses were similar.ConclusionsTransparency of process and explicit detailed procedures are necessary parts of a systematic review and crucial for the reader to interpret its findings.

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