scholarly journals Y chromosome haplotype distribution of brown bears (Ursus arctos ) in Northern Europe provides insight into population history and recovery

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 6041-6060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Schregel ◽  
Hans Geir Eiken ◽  
Finn Audun Grøndahl ◽  
Frank Hailer ◽  
Jouni Aspi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Population History ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Haplotype Distribution ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Chromosome Haplotype

scholarly journals The smell of success: Reproductive success related to rub behavior in brown bears

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247964
Author(s):  
Andrea T. Morehouse ◽  
Anne E. Loosen ◽  
Tabitha A. Graves ◽  
Mark S. Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Scent Marking ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Parentage Analysis ◽  
Fitness Component ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Rubbing Behavior ◽  
Insight Into

Several species of bears are known to rub deliberately against trees and other objects, but little is known about why bears rub. Patterns in rubbing behavior of male and female brown bears (Ursus arctos) suggest that scent marking via rubbing functions to communicate among potential mates or competitors. Using DNA from bear hairs collected from rub objects in southwestern Alberta from 2011–2014 and existing DNA datasets from Montana and southeastern British Columbia, we determined sex and individual identity of each bear detected. Using these data, we completed a parentage analysis. From the parentage analysis and detection data, we determined the number of offspring, mates, unique rub objects where an individual was detected, and sampling occasions during which an individual was detected for each brown bear identified through our sampling methods. Using a Poisson regression, we found a positive relationship between bear rubbing behavior and reproductive success; both male and female bears with a greater number of mates and a greater number of offspring were detected at more rub objects and during more occasions. Our results suggest a fitness component to bear rubbing, indicate that rubbing is adaptive, and provide insight into a poorly understood behaviour.

scholarly journals Insights into bear evolution from a Pleistocene polar bear genome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianying Lan ◽  
Kalle Leppala ◽  
Crystal Tomlin ◽  
Sandra L Talbot ◽  
George K Sage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Polar Bear ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Population History ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago

The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) has become a symbol of the threat to biodiversity from climate change. Understanding polar bear evolutionary history may provide insights into apex carnivore responses and prospects during periods of extreme environmental perturbations. In recent years, genomic studies have examined bear speciation and population history, including evidence for ancient admixture between polar bears and brown bears (Ursus arctos). Here, we extend our earlier studies of a 130,000-115,000-year-old polar bear from the Svalbard Archipelago using 10X coverage genome sequence and ten new genomes of polar and brown bears from contemporary zones of overlap in northern Alaska. We demonstrate a dramatic decline in effective population size for this ancient polar bear's lineage, followed by a modest increase just before its demise. A slightly higher genetic diversity in the ancient polar bear suggests a severe genetic erosion over a prolonged bottleneck in modern polar bears. Statistical fitting of data to alternative admixture graph scenarios favors at least one ancient introgression event from brown bears into the ancestor of polar bears, possibly dating back over 150,000 years. Gene flow was likely bidirectional, but allelic transfer from brown into polar bear is the strongest detected signal, which contrasts with other published works. These findings have implications for our understanding of climate change impacts: polar bears, a specialist Arctic lineage, may not only have undergone severe genetic bottlenecks, but also been the recipient of generalist, boreal genetic variants from brown bear during critical phases of Northern Hemisphere glacial oscillations.

Molecular identification of Taenia spp. in wolves (Canis lupus), brown bears (Ursus arctos) and cervids from North Europe and Alaska

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Lavikainen ◽  
Sauli Laaksonen ◽  
Kimberlee Beckmen ◽  
Antti Oksanen ◽  
Marja Isomursu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bears

scholarly journals Long-Term Safety of Intraperitoneal Radio Transmitter Implants in Brown Bears (Ursus arctos)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon M. Arnemo ◽  
Bjørnar Ytrehus ◽  
Knut Madslien ◽  
Jonas Malmsten ◽  
Sven Brunberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Radio Transmitter

Sexing free-ranging brown bears Ursus arctos using hairs found in the field

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. TABERLET ◽  
H. MATTOCK ◽  
C. DUBOIS-PAGANON ◽  
J. BOUVET
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Free Ranging

Serologic Evidence of Leptospira spp. Serovars in Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) from Croatia

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alen Slavica ◽  
Dean Konjević ◽  
Đuro Huber ◽  
Zoran Milas ◽  
Nenad Turk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Serologic Evidence

Y-chromosome haplotype analysis revealing multiple paternal origins in swamp buffaloes of China and Southeast Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoqiang Wang ◽  
Xiaoting Xia ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Ting Sun ◽  
Ruihua Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Haplotype Analysis ◽  
Swamp Buffaloes ◽  
Chromosome Haplotype
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