Nebivolol treatment increases splanchnic blood flow and portal pressure in cirrhotic rats via modulation of nitric oxide signalling

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Reiberger ◽  
Berit Anna Payer ◽  
Philipp Schwabl ◽  
Hubert Hayden ◽  
Thomas Horvatits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Portal Pressure ◽  
Splanchnic Blood Flow

Splanchnic blood flow in the monkey during hemorrhagic shock

1965 ◽  
Vol 208 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis L. Abel ◽  
John A. Waldhausen ◽  
Ewald E. Selkurt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Hepatic Vein ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Portal Pressure ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Splanchnic Blood Flow

Blood flow in the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries was measured in nine Macaca monkeys during a standardized hemorrhagic shock procedure. Simultaneous pressures were obtained from the hepatic vein, portal vein, and aorta. Each animal was bled rapidly to an arterial pressure of 40 mm Hg and maintained at this level until 30% of the bled volume had spontaneously reinfused. The remaining blood was then rapidly reinfused and the animal observed until death. The results show a lack of overshoot of venous pressure on reinfusion, grossly pale intestines with some microscopic congestive changes, and a decrease in splanchnic conductance throughout the postinfusion period. Hepatic venous pressure exceeded portal pressure in six of the nine animals during the period of hemorrhage. The results are interpreted as indicative of insignificant splanchnic pooling during hemorrhagic shock in this animal.

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase and splanchnic blood flow in anaesthetized rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jansson ◽  
P.-O. Carlsson ◽  
B. Bodin ◽  
A. Andersson ◽  
O. Kallskog
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Splanchnic Blood Flow ◽  
Anaesthetized Rats ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Glutamine-enriched enteral diet increases splanchnic blood flow in the rat

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (6) ◽  
pp. G1035-G1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Houdijk ◽  
P. A. Van Leeuwen ◽  
M. A. Boermeester ◽  
T. Van Lambalgen ◽  
T. Teerlink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Splanchnic Blood Flow ◽  
Systemic Hemodynamic ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Enteral Diet ◽  
Blood Flow Measurements

The hemodynamic consequences of glutamine (Gln)-enriched nutrition have not been investigated. This study investigates the effects of a Gln-enriched enteral diet on organ blood flows and systemic hemodynamics. Male Fischer 344 rats (n = 24) were randomized to a group that received a 12.5% (wt/wt) Gln-enriched enteral diet or an isonitrogenous isocaloric control diet for 14 days. Blood flow measurements were performed at day 16 using 46Sc-labeled microspheres. In the Gln-enriched group, higher organ blood flows were measured in the stomach (51%), the pancreas (35%), small intestine (32%), and colon (55%), compared with controls. No differences were found in systemic hemodynamic parameters between the control and Gln-supplemented groups. A possible role for nitric oxide in this splanchnic vasodilation was investigated. Daily urinary nitrate excretion was measured during the study but showed no significant differences between the control and Gln-fed animals. No differences were found in plasma levels of the vasodilating hormone glucagon between the groups. These results show that a Gln-enriched enteral diet increased splanchnic blood flow, which was not mediated by pancreatic glucagon or increased nitric oxide production as determined by urinary nitrate excretion.

The effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on portal pressure and azygos blood flow in patients with cirrhosis

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewan H. Forrest ◽  
Alison L. Jones ◽  
John F. Dillon ◽  
James Walker ◽  
Peter C. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Portal Pressure ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Splanchnic Haemodynamics and Vasoactive Agents in Experimental Cirrhosis

HPB Surgery ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Geraghty ◽  
W. J. Angerson ◽  
D. C. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Portal Pressure ◽  
Splanchnic Blood Flow ◽  
Vasoactive Agents ◽  
Experimental Cirrhosis ◽  
Haemodynamic Changes ◽  
Experimental Rat Model ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Cirrhotic Group

It is well known that portal hypertension is associated with a hyperdynamic systemic circulatory state. This study measures systemic and splanchnic haemodynamics in an experimental rat model of hepatic cirrhosis. It also investigates the association between haemodynamic changes in cirrhotic animals and circulating levels of the vasoactive hormones glucagon and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). Splanchnic blood flow was significantly increased in the cirrhotic group (13.2 ± 1.3 vs. 9.2 ± 1.6 ml/min, P < 0.05). Circulating levels of glucagon and VIP were two and five fold increased respectively in cirrhotic animals compared to controls. There was a strong correlation between portal pressure and glucagon levels in the cirrhotic group (r = 0.85). Raised splanchnic blood flow is partly responsible for elevated portal pressure in this model and this rise may be humorally mediated.

Effect of portacaval surgical anastomosis on systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics in portal hypertensive, cirrhotic rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 1493-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Romeo ◽  
Antonio López-Farré ◽  
Vicente Martín-Paredero ◽  
José M. López-Novoa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Portal Pressure ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Splanchnic Blood Flow ◽  
Portacaval Anastomosis ◽  
Systemic Hemodynamic ◽  
Hyperdynamic Circulation ◽  
Arterial Blood

The effect of surgical end-to-side portacaval anastomosis (PCSA) on systemic and splanchnic circulation has been studied in cirrhotic rats with portal hypertension (CCl4–Phenobarbital method) and in control animals. Hemodynamics have been measured using the microsphere technique, with a reference sample for the systemic hemodynamic measurements, and intrasplenic injection for portal systemic shunting rate measurements. Compared with controls, sham-operated (SO) cirrhotic rats showed a hyperdynamic circulation with increased cardiac output (CO) and decreased mean arterial pressure and peripheral resistances. PCSA in control rats induced only a small change in systemic hemodynamics, with parallel decreases in arterial pressure and peripheral resistances, and a small, nonsignificant increase in CO. In cirrhotic rats, PCSA induced a decrease of CO to values similar to those of control rats, with an increase in total peripheral resistances. PCSA induced an increase in hepatic arterial blood flow in control and in cirrhotic rats, portal pressure becoming in this latter group not different from that of control rats. Blood flow to splanchnic organs was higher in SO cirrhotic than in SO control animals. Thus portal venous inflow was also increased in SO cirrhotic rats. PCSA induced an increase in portal venous inflow in control rats, which was only significant in cirrhotic rats when expressed as a percentage of CO. In SO control animals, a significant correlation was observed between total peripheral resistances and splanchnic arteriolar resistances and between CO and splanchnic blood flow. These correlations were not observed in cirrhotic rats. These results do not support the hypothesis that hyperdynamic circulation shown by cirrhotic rats is based on increases in splanchnic blood flow and (or) massive portal systemic shunting.

600 NEBIVOLOL TREATMENT INCREASES SPLANCHNIC BLOOD FLOW AND PORTAL PRESSURE IN CIRRHOTIC RATS VIA MODULATION OF NO SIGNALING

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. S245
Author(s):  
T. Reiberger ◽  
B.A. Payer ◽  
P. Schwabl ◽  
H. Hayden ◽  
T. Horvatits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Portal Pressure ◽  
Splanchnic Blood Flow ◽  
No Signaling
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