scholarly journals Environment-dependent plasticity and ontogenetic changes in the brain of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon

2016 ◽  
Vol 301 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Näslund ◽  
M. H. Larsen ◽  
S. T. Thomassen ◽  
K. Aarestrup ◽  
J. I. Johnsson
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Ontogenetic Changes ◽  
Dependent Plasticity ◽  
The Brain

Rehabilitation of Attention

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian H. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Attention Systems ◽  
The Brain

Abstract: In this paper, evidence is reviewed for separable attention systems in the brain, and it is argued a) that attention may have a privileged role in mediating experience dependent plasticity in the brain and b) that at least some types of attention may be capable of rehabilitation following brain damage.

scholarly journals Spike timing-dependent plasticity induces non-trivial topology in the brain

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.R. Borges ◽  
F.S. Borges ◽  
E.L. Lameu ◽  
A.M. Batista ◽  
K.C. Iarosz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spike Timing ◽  
Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Dependent Plasticity ◽  
The Brain

Spatial diffusion modelling of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) shows ontogenetic increase in movement rates

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Foldvik ◽  
S. Einum ◽  
A.G. Finstad
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Diffusion Models ◽  
Ontogenetic Changes ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The Individual

For organisms with extensive ontogenetic changes in phenotypes, knowledge of how movement of individuals changes throughout life is pivotal to understanding ecological processes. Here, we study the spatial distribution of a cohort of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from hatching to their third summer of juvenile life, during which they go through a fourfold change in body size. The fish originated from three distinct breeding sites, and their distribution was mapped using electrofishing throughout the river at 10 sampling periods. The spatial distribution throughout ontogeny was analysed using diffusion models. The distribution changed from three distinct nonoverlapping distributions centred on the individual breeding sites at the early first summer stage to a single continuous distribution at the end of the study. The diffusion coefficient increased throughout ontogeny, and spatial distributions were well-described using diffusion models, explaining 46%–89% of the variation. This highlights the utility of diffusion models when considering spatial habitat structure both in conservation and research.

Multiple changes in the brain of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, during photoperiodically-induced parr-smolt transformation

Aquaculture ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 121 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 289-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Philippe Morin ◽  
J.Geoffrey Eales ◽  
Toshiaki J Hara ◽  
Svante Winberg ◽  
Göran E Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The Brain

Development, survival, and structural alterations of embryos and alevins of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., continuously exposed to alkaline levels of pH, from fertilization

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Daye ◽  
E. T. Garside
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Cumulative Mortality ◽  
Zona Radiata ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Branchial Epithelium ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Degree Of Severity

Embryos of the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., were incubated continuously from fertilization at pH 6.8 (control) and pH 9.0 and 9.5, initially at 6.7 °C but with a gradual decline in the first 5 weeks to 5.0 °C for the remaining 10 weeks of exposure. Subsequently, the alevins were maintained in these environments for 50 days after hatching. Developmental processes and hatching were not affected by these levels of pH. Percentage cumulative mortality of treated embryos, 8%, was approximately that in the controls. Alevin mortality in the control lots was 1.2 and 1.3%. At pH 9.0, cumulative mortality was 0.4%, but at pH 9.5 there was an accelerating increase to 18%, at the termination of observation.Sublethal changes in embryos were confined mostly to cell necrosis and sloughed rudimentary epidermis. Some metaplasia of the brain stem occurred at pH 9.5. Sites and intensity of alterations increased in alevins at pH 9.5, following the loss of the zona radiata. In addition to ongoing injury of epidermis, including mucous cells, deleterious alterations occurred in branchial epithelium, erythrocytes, myocardium, blood vessels of the viscera, liver, brain, and optic lenses. In general, sublethal changes caused by hydroxylions are similar to those caused by excessive hydrogen ions but are somewhat less extensive in the structures affected or in their degree of severity.

scholarly journals Ontogenetic changes in genetic variances of age-dependent plasticity along a latitudinal gradient

Heredity ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Nilsson-Örtman ◽  
B Rogell ◽  
R Stoks ◽  
F Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Ontogenetic Changes ◽  
Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Genetic Variances ◽  
Age Dependent

scholarly journals Salinity and photoperiod modulate pubertal development in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2013 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C Melo ◽  
Eva Andersson ◽  
Per Gunnar Fjelldal ◽  
Jan Bogerd ◽  
Luiz R França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Timing Of Puberty ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Spermatogonial Proliferation ◽  
Stimulation Of

The Atlantic salmon shows substantial life cycle plasticity, which also applies to the timing of puberty. While it is characterized by the activation of the brain–pituitary–gonad axis, many morphophysiological aspects of puberty and the influence of environmental conditions, such as water salinity, are not well understood in fish. Here, 12-month-old Atlantic salmon coming from an out-of-season smoltification regime in December were exposed to freshwater (FW) or seawater (SW) at 16 °C to stimulate puberty under a 24-h constant light (LL) or 12 h light:12 h darkness (LD) photoperiod. These four treatment groups (FWLL, SWLL, FWLD, and SWLD) were studied from January to March. Next to 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) plasma levels, the expression of pituitary genes (gnrhr4, fshb, and lhb) and spermatogenesis was quantified. When spermatogonial proliferation started, fshb mRNA levels increased steeply and began to decrease when spermatogonial mitosis approached completion and most germ cells had reached meiotic or post-meiotic stages. Conversely, lhb mRNA levels increased progressively during spermatogenesis. Most males in all treatment groups matured, but exposure to SW resulted in the strongest stimulation of the onset of spermatogenesis and elevation of pituitary gnrhr4 and fshb mRNA levels. Later on, the LD photoperiod accelerated, irrespective of the salinity, the completion of spermatogenesis, associated with higher lhb mRNA and 11-KT plasma levels than in the LL groups. We find that both salinity and photoperiod modulated different aspects of spermatogenesis, and resulted in a differential activation of pituitary and testis functions; SW stimulating the onset and the shorter photoperiod the completion of spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals Experience-dependent plasticity modulates ongoing activity in the antennal lobe and enhance odor representations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis M. Franco ◽  
Emre Yaksi
Keyword(s):  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Ongoing Activity ◽  
Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Olfactory Glomeruli ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACTOngoing neural activity has been observed across several brain regions and thought to reflect the internal state of the brain. Yet, it is not fully understood how ongoing brain activity interacts with sensory experience and shape sensory representations. Here, we show that projection neurons of the fruit fly antennal lobe exhibit spatiotemporally organized ongoing activity in the absence of odor stimulation. Upon repeated exposure to odors, we observe a gradual and long-lasting decrease in the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous calcium events, as well as a reorganization of correlations between olfactory glomeruli during ongoing activity. Accompanying these plastic changes, we find that repeated odor experience reduces trial-to-trial variability and enhances the specificity of odor representations. Our results reveal a previously undescribed experience-dependent plasticity of ongoing and sensory driven activity at peripheral levels of the fruit fly olfactory system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document