Large-scale multivariate analysis reveals sexual dimorphism and geographic differences in the Gray's beaked whale

2014 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Thompson ◽  
K. Ruggiero ◽  
C. D. Millar ◽  
R. Constantine ◽  
A. L. van Helden
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Beaked Whale ◽  
Geographic Differences

Algorithm of combining chromatography mass spectrometry-untargeted profiling and multivariate analysis for identification of marker-substances in samples of complex composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
I. V. Plyushchenko ◽  
D. G. Shakhmatov ◽  
I. A. Rodin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Complex Composition ◽  
Unified Protocol ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Marker Substances ◽  
Selection Testing ◽  
Untargeted Profiling

A viral development of statistical data processing, computing capabilities, chromatography-mass spectrometry, and omics technologies (technologies based on the achievements of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) in recent decades has not led to formation of a unified protocol for untargeted profiling. Systematic errors reduce the reproducibility and reliability of the obtained results, and at the same time hinder consolidation and analysis of data gained in large-scale multi-day experiments. We propose an algorithm for conducting omics profiling to identify potential markers in the samples of complex composition and present the case study of urine samples obtained from different clinical groups of patients. Profiling was carried out by the method of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The markers were selected using methods of multivariate analysis including machine learning and feature selection. Testing of the approach was performed using an independent dataset by clustering and projection on principal components.

Sex differences in white adipose tissue expansion: emerging molecular mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 (24) ◽  
pp. 2691-2708
Author(s):  
Simon T. Bond ◽  
Anna C. Calkin ◽  
Brian G. Drew
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Tissue Expansion ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Genomic Association ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract The escalating prevalence of individuals becoming overweight and obese is a rapidly rising global health problem, placing an enormous burden on health and economic systems worldwide. Whilst obesity has well described lifestyle drivers, there is also a significant and poorly understood component that is regulated by genetics. Furthermore, there is clear evidence for sexual dimorphism in obesity, where overall risk, degree, subtype and potential complications arising from obesity all differ between males and females. The molecular mechanisms that dictate these sex differences remain mostly uncharacterised. Many studies have demonstrated that this dimorphism is unable to be solely explained by changes in hormones and their nuclear receptors alone, and instead manifests from coordinated and highly regulated gene networks, both during development and throughout life. As we acquire more knowledge in this area from approaches such as large-scale genomic association studies, the more we appreciate the true complexity and heterogeneity of obesity. Nevertheless, over the past two decades, researchers have made enormous progress in this field, and some consistent and robust mechanisms continue to be established. In this review, we will discuss some of the proposed mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in obesity, and discuss some of the key regulators that influence this phenomenon.

scholarly journals Identification of factors and groups at risk of infection with Schistosoma mansoni: a strategy for the implementation of control measures?

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Coura-Filho ◽  
Roberto Sena Rocha ◽  
Marcio Willian Farah ◽  
Grace Carolina da Silva ◽  
Naftale Katz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Domestic Water

A fourteen year schistosomiasis control program in Peri-Peri (Capim Branco, MG) reduced prevalence from 43.5 to 4.4%; incidence from 19.0 to 2.9%, the geometric mean of the number of eggs from 281 to 87 and the level of the hepatoesplenic form cases from 5.9 to 0.0%. In 1991, three years after the interruption of the program, the prevalence had risen to 19.6%. The district consists of Barbosa (a rural area) and Peri-Peri itself (an urban area). In 1991, the prevalence in the two areas was 28.4% and 16.0% respectively. A multivariate analysis of risk factors for schistosomiasis indicated the domestic agricultural activity with population attributive risk (PAR) of 29.82%, the distance (< 10 m) from home to water source (PAR = 25.93%) and weekly fishing (PAR = 17.21%) as being responsible for infections in the rural area. The recommended control measures for this area are non-manual irrigation and removal of homes to more than ten meters from irrigation ditches. In the urban area, it was observed that swimming at weekly intervals (PAR = 20.71%), daily domestic agricultural activity (PAR = 4.07%) and the absence of drinking water in the home (PAR=4.29%) were responsible for infections. Thus, in the urban area the recommended control measures are the substitution of manual irrigation with an irrigation method that avoids contact with water, the creation of leisure options of the population and the provision of a domestic water supply. The authors call attention to the need for the efficacy of multivariate analysis of risk factors to be evaluated for schistosomiasis prior to its large scale use as a indicator of the control measures to be implemented.

Strategy for Minimizing Between-Study Variation of Large-Scale Phenotypic Experiments Using Multivariate Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (20) ◽  
pp. 8675-8681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui C. Pinto ◽  
Lorenz Gerber ◽  
Mattias Eliasson ◽  
Björn Sundberg ◽  
Johan Trygg
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Large Scale

Sex differences in atrial fibrillation ablation outcomes: insights from a large-scale multicentre registry

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1345-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuaki Tanaka ◽  
Koichi Inoue ◽  
Atsushi Kobori ◽  
Kazuaki Kaitani ◽  
Takeshi Morimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Af Recurrence

Abstract Aim The impact of sex differences on the clinical outcomes of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) is controversial. We investigated the sex differences regarding the efficacy and clinical outcomes of RFCA of AF. Methods and results We conducted a large-scale, prospective, multicentre, observational study (Kansai Plus Atrial Fibrillation Registry). We enrolled 5010 consecutive patients who underwent an initial RFCA of AF at 26 centres (64 ± 10 years; non-paroxysmal AF, 35.7%). The median follow-up duration was 2.9 years. Female patients (n = 1369, 27.3%) were older (female vs. male, 68 ± 9 vs. 63 ± 11 years, P &lt; 0.0001) with a lower prevalence of non-paroxysmal AF (27.1% vs. 38.9%, P &lt; 0.0001). Fewer females experienced time-dependent pulmonary vein (PV) reconnections and more females received a non-PV foci ablation than males in the index RFCA. The 3-year cumulative incidence of AF recurrences in the multivariate analysis after single procedures was significantly higher in females than males (43.3% vs. 39.0%, log rank P = 0.0046). Females remained an independent predictor of AF recurrence (hazard ratio 1.24; 95% confidence interval 1.12–1.38, P &lt; 0.0001). The AF recurrence rates after multiple procedures were also higher in females, but fewer females experienced PV reconnections during second sessions. More females experienced de novo pacemaker implantations during the long-term follow-up. Females were associated with a higher risk of heart failure hospitalizations and major bleeding after RFCA in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions Females experienced more frequent AF recurrences probably due to non-PV arrhythmogenicity and de novo pacemaker implantations than males during the long-term follow-up after RFCA of AF.

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