Rank Test of Unit‐Root Hypothesis with AR‐GARCH Errors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guili Liao ◽  
Qimeng Liu ◽  
Rongmao Zhang ◽  
Shifang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Unit Root ◽  
Rank Test

Colorectal Liver Metastases - Does the Number of Lesions Determine the Sensibility of Resection?

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Knoefel ◽  
Brunken ◽  
Neumann ◽  
Gundlach ◽  
Rogiers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Colorectal Liver Metastases ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Chirurgische Entfernung

Die komplette chirurgische Entfernung von Lebermetastasen bietet Patienten nach kolorektalem Karzinom die einzige kurative Chance. Es gibt jedoch eine, anscheinend unbegrenzte, Anzahl an Parametern, die die Prognose dieser Patienten bestimmen und damit den Sinn dieser Therapie vorhersagen können. Zu den am häufigsten diskutierten und am einfachsten zu bestimmenden Parametern gehört die Anzahl der Metastasen. Ziel dieser Studie war es daher die Wertigkeit dieses Parameters in der Literatur zu reflektieren und unsere eigenen Patientendaten zu evaluieren. Insgesamt konnte von 302 Patienten ein komplettes Follow-up erhoben werden. Die gebildeten Patientengruppen wurden mit Hilfe einer Kaplan Meier Analyse und konsekutivem log rank Test untersucht. Die Literatur wurde bis Dezember 1998 revidiert. Die Anzahl der Metastasen bestätigte sich als ein prognostisches Kriterium. Lagen drei oder mehr Metastasen vor, so war nicht nur die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer R0 Resektion deutlich geringer (17.8% versus 67.2%) sondern auch das Überleben der Patienten nach einer R0 Resektion tendenziell unwahrscheinlicher. Das 5-Jahres Überleben betrug bei > 2 Metastasen 9% bei > 2 Metastasen 36%. Das 10-Jahres Überleben beträgt bislang bei > 2 Metastasen 0% bei > 2 Metastasen 18% (p < 0.07). Die Anzahl der Metastasen spielt in der Prognose der Patienten mit kolorektalen Lebermetastasen eine Rolle. Selbst bei mehr als vier Metastasen ist jedoch gelegentlich eine R0 Resektion möglich. In diesen Fällen kann der Patient auch langfristig von einer Operation profitieren. Das wichtigere Kriterium einer onkologisch sinnvollen Resektabilität ist die Frage ob technisch und funktionell eine R0 Resektion durchführbar ist. Ist das der Fall, so sollte auch einem Patienten mit mehreren Metastasen die einzige kurative Chance einer Resektion nicht vorenthalten bleiben.

Hepatitis-Free Interval After Clotting Factor Therapy in First Infused Haemophiliacs

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 268-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Morfini ◽  
D Rafanelli ◽  
G Longo ◽  
A Messori ◽  
P Rossi Ferrini
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Clotting Factor ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Life Table Method ◽  
Table Method ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Free Interval ◽  
Post Infusion ◽  
Clotting Factor Concentrates

SummaryPost-infusion hepatitis is known to occur very frequently in haemophiliacs after treatment with unheated commercial clotting factor concentrates, obtained from large plasma donation pool. On the contrary, single-donor cryoprecipitate is likely to carry a lower risk of transmitting hepatitis.To evaluate this hypothesis, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 25 first infused haemophiliacs (from 1981 to 1984) treated with unheated commercial clotting factor concentrates (n = 19) or cryoprecipitate (n = 6).The hepatitis-free interval after the beginning of therapy was expressed as exposure days. The end point of each patient, i.e. the hepatitis occurrence, was defined as an increase of aminotransferases (ALT and AST) and/or the seroconversion of HBV-markers, which were checked every three months.The life-table method and log-rank test showed that cryo-precipitates had a significantly longer hepatitis-free interval (p = 0.0131, log-rank test) and a lower risk of transmitting hepatitis (p = 0.01-0.05, life-table method) than the commercial concentrates. However, the safety of cryoprecipitate therapy was shown to cover only a few exposure days, and so the real advantage of this product depends on the bleeding frequency of the patient concerned.We believe that these methods and our findings may be useful to assess and compare the safety of the new “heat-treated” clotting factor concentrates.

Pulmonary Homografts for Aortic Valve Replacement: Long-term Comparison with Aortic Grafts

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Vogt ◽  
Anke Kowert ◽  
Andres Beiras-Fernandez ◽  
Martin Oberhoffer ◽  
Ingo Kaczmarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Aortic Graft ◽  
Valve Prostheses ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study

<p><b>Objective:</b> The use of homografts for aortic valve replacement (AVR) is an alternative to mechanical or biological valve prostheses, especially in younger patients. This retrospective comparative study evaluated our single-center long-term results, with a focus on the different origins of the homografts.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> Since 1992, 366 adult patients have undergone AVR with homografts at our center. We compared 320 homografts of aortic origin and 46 homografts of pulmonary origin. The grafts were implanted via either a subcoronary technique or the root replacement technique. We performed a multivariate analysis to identify independent factors that influence survival. Freedom from reintervention and survival rates were calculated as cumulative events according to the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences were tested with the log-rank test.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Overall mortality within 1 year was 6.5% (21/320) in the aortic graft group and 17.4% (8/46) in the pulmonary graft group. In the pulmonary graft group, 4 patients died from valve-related complications, 1 patient died after additional heterotopic heart transplantation, and 1 patient who entered with a primary higher risk died from a prosthesis infection. Two patients died from non-valve-related causes. During the long-term follow-up, the 15-year survival rate was 79.9% for patients in the aortic graft group and 68.7% for patients in the pulmonary graft group (<i>P</i> = .049). The rate of freedom from reoperation was 77.7% in the aortic graft group and 57.4% in the pulmonary graft group (<i>P</i> < .001). The reasons for homograft explantation were graft infections (aortic graft group, 5.0%; pulmonary graft group, 6.5%) and degeneration (aortic graft group, 7.5%; pulmonary graft group, 32.6%).</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Our study demonstrated superior rates of survival and freedom from reintervention after AVR with aortic homografts. Implantation with a pulmonary graft was associated with a higher risk of redo surgery, owing to earlier degenerative alterations.</p>

Mikrokapsul Ekstrak Bawang Tiwai sebagai Pengawet Pangan

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Suroto Hadi Saputra ◽  
Paluphy Eka Yustini
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Water Particle ◽  
Range Test

Applications bawang tiwaiextractin the form ofpastaI have everdone in thefoodpreservativehaving troubleamong othersinsolubleandmixedwell withthe doughingredientsof food. One alternativeto overcome these problemsismicroencapsulated bawang tiwai extract.In this study, bulb bawangtiwaiextractedwithethanol 98%. Researchusinga completely randomized designfactorial3x2was repeated3times. The firstfactorcomposition ofthe coating materialwith 3 levels, the secondfactorwith 2degreetemperature.  Analysisof variance and dunken multiplerangetestfurthertestat5% confidence levelusing thesoftwareSPSSversion20. Results oftreatment ofthe coating materialcompositionandtemperatureas well as theinteractionsignificantly affected thephenol content, water content, solubilityin water, particle size andconcentration of ethanol. The results of analysisduncanmultiplerank testof showdifferentlevels ofphenol, water content, solubilityin water, particle size andconcentration of ethanol. The results showedthe highest valuein treatment(s1p1) phenolcontent of1.50%, (s2p1) lowwater content15.27%, (s1p1) watersoluble extracthighestlevel of87.45% (s2p1) 216.77smallestparticlesizeand(s2p1) lowethanollevels15, 17ppmABSTRAKAplikasi ekstrak bawang tiwai dalam bentuk pasta yang pernah dilakukan dalam pengawet pangan mengalami kesulitan antara lain tidak mudah larut dan tercampur secara baik dengan bahan adonan pangan. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah mikroenkapsulasi ekstrak bawang tiwai.  Dalam penelitian ini, umbi bawang tiwai diekstrak dengan etanol 98%. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial 3 x 2 diulang 3 kali. Faktor pertama komposisi bahan penyalut dengan 3 taraf, faktor kedua suhu dengan 2 taraf. Hasil analisis sidik ragam dan uji lanjut dunken multiple range test pada tingkat kepercayaan 5% menggunakan soft ware SPSS versi 20. Analisa parameter pada penelitian ini antara lain kadar fenol, kadar air, kadar sari larut air dan ukuran partikel. Hasil perlakuan komposisi bahan penyalut dan suhu serta interaksi berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar fenol, kadar air, kelarutan dalam air, ukuran partikel dan kadar etanol. Hasil analisisduncan multiple rank test (DMRT) menunjukkan berbeda nyata terhadap kadar fenol, kadar air, kelarutan dalam air, ukuran partikel dan kadar etanol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan (s1p1) kadar fenol 1,50 %, (s2p1) kadar air terendah 15,27%, (s1p1) kadar sari larut air tertinggi 87,45%(s2p1) ukuran partikel terkecil 216,77 dan (s2p1) kadar etanol terendah 15, 17 ppm. Kata kunci : bawang tiwa,  mikroenkapsulasi, maltodekstrin, na-kaseinat, pengawet pangan.

Prevention of Stunting Through Health Education in Parents of Pre-School Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Kili Astarani ◽  
Desi Natalia Trijayanti Idris ◽  
Aurelia Rizky Oktavia
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
School Children ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Knowledge Measurement ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test

This study aims to analyze the effect of pre-school age children's health education on stunting in the Setia Bakti Kediri Kindergarten. The design of this study used a pre-experimental pre-post test. Subjects were parents who had pre-school children with 49 respondents in the Setia Bakti Kediri Kindergarten. Retrieval of data from 29 - 31 May 2019. Randomization technique with purposive sampling. The variable of this study is parental knowledge. Measurement of knowledge with a questionnaire. Health education is carried out for 60 minutes using lecture methods, audio media, visual aids, and booklets. Research analysis technique with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test statistic test. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of health education about stunting on the knowledge of parents of pre-school children in Setia Bakti Kediri Kindergarten. Health education about stunting increases parental knowledge

Reoperation for device infection and erosion following deep brain stimulation implantable pulse generator placement

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis J. Atchley ◽  
Nicholas M. B. Laskay ◽  
Brandon A. Sherrod ◽  
A. K. M. Fazlur Rahman ◽  
Harrison C. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Pulse Generator ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Implantable Pulse Generator ◽  
Device Infection ◽  
Deep Brain

OBJECTIVEInfection and erosion following implantable pulse generator (IPG) placement are associated with morbidity and cost for patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) systems. Here, the authors provide a detailed characterization of infection and erosion events in a large cohort that underwent DBS surgery for movement disorders.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed consecutive IPG placements and replacements in patients who had undergone DBS surgery for movement disorders at the University of Alabama at Birmingham between 2013 and 2016. IPG procedures occurring before 2013 in these patients were also captured. Descriptive statistics, survival analyses, and logistic regression were performed using generalized linear mixed effects models to examine risk factors for the primary outcomes of interest: infection within 1 year or erosion within 2 years of IPG placement.RESULTSIn the study period, 384 patients underwent a total of 995 IPG procedures (46.4% were initial placements) and had a median follow-up of 2.9 years. Reoperation for infection occurred after 27 procedures (2.7%) in 21 patients (5.5%). No difference in the infection rate was observed for initial placement versus replacement (p = 0.838). Reoperation for erosion occurred after 16 procedures (1.6%) in 15 patients (3.9%). Median time to reoperation for infection and erosion was 51 days (IQR 24–129 days) and 149 days (IQR 112–285 days), respectively. Four patients with infection (19.0%) developed a second infection requiring a same-side reoperation, two of whom developed a third infection. Intraoperative vancomycin powder was used in 158 cases (15.9%) and did not decrease the infection risk (infected: 3.2% with vancomycin vs 2.6% without, p = 0.922, log-rank test). On logistic regression, a previous infection increased the risk for infection (OR 35.0, 95% CI 7.9–156.2, p < 0.0001) and a lower patient BMI was a risk factor for erosion (BMI ≤ 24 kg/m2: OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1–8.6, p = 0.03).CONCLUSIONSIPG-related infection and erosion following DBS surgery are uncommon but clinically significant events. Their respective timelines and risk factors suggest different etiologies and thus different potential corrective procedures.

PERBEDAAN FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE PASCA SECONDARY OFFERINGS

Wahana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Djaja Perdana ◽  
Herbowo Herbowo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Asset Turnover

This study aims to examine the differences in corporate financial performance before and after secondary offerings. The financial performance is proxied by WCR, DER, Solvency, ROA, ROE, Asset Turnover (ATO) and Growth ratio which representing the value of liquidity, financing, activity, performance and growth of the firm. The study involved 67 samples of the companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange conducting secondary offerings during 2008-2013 period and selected through purposive random sampling method and using Financial Statement data from 2005-2016 period. Hypothesis test is performed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. The results of this study indicate that there is no significant difference in the ratio of Solvency, ROA and ROE between before and after secondary offerings, but there are significant differences in the ratio of WCR, DER, Asset Turnover and Growth. WCR ratio after secondary offerings increased, while DER ratio after secondary offerings decreased, the condition of both ratios showed better performance. While the indication of poor performance seen in decreasing asset turnover ratio and growth ratio.Keywords : agency theory, financial performance, secondary offerings

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document