Evidence for Heritability of Adult Men's Sexual Interest in Youth under Age 16 from a Population‐Based Extended Twin Design

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1090-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Alanko ◽  
Benny Salo ◽  
Andreas Mokros ◽  
Pekka Santtila
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Interest ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Extended Twin Design

scholarly journals Examining the association between childhood autistic traits and adolescent hypomania: a longitudinal twin study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mark J. Taylor ◽  
Angelica Ronald ◽  
Joanna Martin ◽  
Sebastian Lundström ◽  
Georgina M. Hosang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Autistic Trait ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study

Abstract Background There is evidence that autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) co-occur with bipolar disorder (BD) relatively frequently. Individuals with BD often report symptoms of mania and hypomania during adolescence, prior to the age of onset for BD. It is unknown whether these symptoms are associated with ASDs. We examined whether diagnoses of ASDs and autistic traits were associated with hypomania in a large, population-based Swedish twin sample. Methods Parental structured interviews assessed autistic traits, and were used to assign screening diagnoses of ASDs, when twins were aged 9 or 12 (N = 13 533 pairs). Parents then completed questionnaires assessing hypomania when the twins were aged 15 and 18 (N = 3852 pairs at age 15, and 3013 pairs at age 18). After investigating the phenotypic associations between these measures, we used the classical twin design to test whether genetic and environmental influences on autistic traits influence variation in adolescent hypomania. Results Autistic traits and ASD diagnoses in childhood were associated with elevated scores on the measures of adolescent hypomania. Twin analyses indicated that 6–9% of the variance in hypomania was explained by genetic influences that were shared with autistic traits in childhood. When repeating these analyses for specific autistic trait domains, we found a stronger association between social interaction difficulties and hypomania than for other autistic trait domains. Conclusions These results indicate a genetic link between autistic traits and hypomania in adolescence. This adds to the growing evidence base of genetic factors associated with ASDs showing links with psychiatric outcomes across childhood and into adulthood.

scholarly journals Heritability of Daytime Ambulatory Blood Pressure in an Extended Twin Design

Hypertension ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Kupper ◽  
Gonneke Willemsen ◽  
Harriëtte Riese ◽  
Daniëlle Posthuma ◽  
Dorret I. Boomsma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Extended Twin Design

scholarly journals Are Twins and Singletons Comparable? A Study of Disease-related and Lifestyle Characteristics in Adult Women

Twin Research ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 464-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Andrew ◽  
Deborah J. Hart ◽  
Harold Snieder ◽  
Marlies de Lange ◽  
Tim D. Spector ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Disease ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Hypertensive Drug ◽  
The Uk

AbstractThe classic twin study is sometimes described as “the perfect natural experiment” for the investigation of the aetiology of complex disease, but assumptions of the twin design need to be empirically tested if their results are to be considered unbiased and representative of singleton populations. In this study comparisons of disease and prevalence of lifestyle characteristics have been made between twin participants in the St Thomas' Hospital UK adult twin registry, the largest twin volunteer register in the UK for the study of diseases of ageing, and a parallel population-based study of singleton women. The only differences found were for weight, where monozygotic (MZ) twins were lighter and had a smaller variance than dizygotic (DZ) twins and singletons. For the other variables studied, volunteer twins were not found to differ from age-matched singleton women in distribution or prevalence of: bone mineral density, osteoarthritis, blood pressure, hypertensive drug use, height, history of hysterectomy and ovariectomy, menopausal status and current alcohol and overall tobacco consumption. We conclude that the results of twin studies can be generalised to singleton populations for these measures and disease outcomes.

Heritability of Verbal and Performance Intelligence in a Pediatric Longitudinal Sample

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge L.C. van Soelen ◽  
Rachel M. Brouwer ◽  
Marieke van Leeuwen ◽  
René S. Kahn ◽  
Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Extended Twin Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study

The longitudinal stability of IQ is well-documented as is its increasing heritability with age. In a longitudinal twin study, we addressed the question to what extent heritability and stability differ for full scale (FSIQ), verbal (VIQ), and performance IQ (PIQ) in childhood (age 9–11 years), and early adolescence (age 12–14 years). Genetic and environmental influences and correlations over time were evaluated in an extended twin design, including Dutch twins and their siblings. Intelligence was measured by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children — Third version (WISC III). Heritability in childhood was 34% for FSIQ, 37% for VIQ, and 64% for PIQ, and increased up to 65%, 51%, and 72% in early adolescence. The influence of common environment decreased between childhood and early adolescence from explaining 43% of the phenotypic variance for FSIQ to 18% and from 42% for VIQ to 26%. For PIQ common environmental influences did not play a role, either in childhood or in early adolescence. The stability in FSIQ and VIQ across the 3-year interval (rp) was .72 for both measures and was explained by genetic and common environmental correlations across time (FSIQ, rg= .96, rc= 1.0; VIQ, rg=.78, rc= 1.0). Stability of PIQ (rp=.56) was lower and was explained by genetic influences (rg= .90). These results confirm the robust findings of increased heritability of general cognitive abilities during the transition from childhood to adolescence. Interestingly, results for PIQ differ from those for FSIQ and VIQ, in that no significant contribution of environment shared by siblings from the same family was detected.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic Determinants of Low Sexual Desire and Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: A Population-based Study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi ◽  
mina malary ◽  
mahmood moosazadeh ◽  
Soghra Khani ◽  
mehdi Pourasghar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Sexual Interest ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Low Sexual Desire ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background: Various socio-demographic factors have been introduced as the determinants of Low Sexual Desire (LSD), but whether these variables can also contribute to the Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD), remains uncertain. In this study, we sought to identify the socio-demographic determinants of LSD and HSDD in Iranian women of reproductive age. Methods: This was a population-based, cross-sectional study of 1000 married Iranian women of reproductive age (16-49 years) who met the inclusion criteria. The participants were chosen using the systematic random sampling method from all the healthcare centres in the city of Sari, Iran. LSD was defined as a score no higher than 33 on the Sexual Interest and Desire Inventory-Female (SIDI-F). The sexually-related personal distress was considered as a score of at least 11.0 on the Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R), and HSDD was determined based on the sum of those scores. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the socio-demographic characteristics and a chi-square test was run for data analysis using grouping variables. Multivariate logistic regression test was also employed to adjust the effect of confounding variables. Results: The mean score of sexual interest/desire among women was 30.6±10.5. After adjusting the effect of confounding variables, logistic regression showed that socio-demographic variables including age at first intercourse, length of marriage and the level of satisfaction with income were significantly associated with both LSD and HSDD (P<0.01). While advancing age (P<0.001) and body mass index (P<0.01) were just predictors of LSD. Conclusion: Some socio-demographic factors could predict LSD in women, while they were not associated with HSDD. In other words, some factors associated with LSD do not instigate sexually-related personal distress, which is one of the criteria necessary for the diagnosis of HSDD.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic Determinants of Low Sexual Desire and Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: A Population-based Study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi ◽  
Mina Malary ◽  
Mahmood Moosazadeh ◽  
Soghra Khani ◽  
Mehdi Pourasghar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Sexual Interest ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Low Sexual Desire ◽  
Desire Disorder

Abstract Background: Various socio-demographic factors are determinants of Low Sexual Desire (LSD), but whether these are the determinants of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) are unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Socio-demographic determinants of LSD and HSDD in Iranian women of reproductive age.Methods: This was a population-based, cross-sectional study of 1000 Iranian women of reproductive age (15-49 years) who met the inclusion criteria and were chosen through systematic random sampling from all the healthcare centers in Sari, Iran. LSD was defined as a score no higher than 33 on the Sexual Interest and Desire Inventory-Female (SIDI-F); sexually related personal distress was defined as a score of at least 11.0 on the Female Sexual Distress Scale–Revised (FSDS-R); and HSDD was defined as a combination of these scores. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographic characteristics while for analyzing grouped variables, chi-square test was applied. Multivariate regression test was also used to adjust the effect of confounding variables. Results: The mean score of sexual interest/desire among women who referred to healthcare centers in the city of Sari is estimated as 30.6±10.5. After adjusting the effect of the confounder variables by logistic regression multivariate analysis, the age at first intercourse, the length of time spent in marriage, and the level of satisfaction with income were variables significantly associated with LSD and HSDD (P < .01). Although increasing individual′s age (P < .001) and body mass index (P < .01) were predictors of LSD in women, HSDD was not statistically significant.Conclusion: There are some factors that are associated with LSD in women but are not related to HSDD. In other words, some factors associated with LSD do not cause personal distress which are one of the criteria necessary for HSDD.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Sensation Seeking with an Extended Twin Design

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Stoel ◽  
E. J. C. De Geus ◽  
D. I. Boomsma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Extended Twin Design

Detecting Sex-Associated Variation With the Families of MZ and DZ Twins

1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.S. Haley
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Sex Linkage ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Detection And Estimation ◽  
Sex Limitation ◽  
Extended Twin Design

AbstractPhenotypic variation in human population may contain contributions from a number of different sex-associated genetic influences. These influences include maternal effects, the effects of sex-linked loci, and the effects of sex-limited autosomally linked loci. The families produced by MZ and DZ twins provide statistics which permit the detection and estimation of these effects. In particular, they provide statistics derived from various types of age-matched half-sibs and cousins in addition to those derived from the more usually studied full-sib or parent-offspring relationships. Specific models for genetic maternal effects, sex-linkage and sex-limitation are used to explore the use of extended twin design for the detection of and the discrimination between various sex-associated effects. The sample sizes required to detect maternal effects and sex-linkage were considered for some simple cases and it is concluded that comparison derived from the progeny of twins will often provide better tests for these effects than those derived from parent-offspring comparison.

700: Heritability of parturition timing: An extended twin design analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 197 (6) ◽  
pp. S199
Author(s):  
Emily Defranco ◽  
Zachary Kistka ◽  
Lannie Ligthart ◽  
Gonneke Willemsen ◽  
Jevon Plunkett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Analysis ◽  
Twin Design ◽  
Extended Twin Design

scholarly journals Socio-demographic Determinants of Low Sexual Desire and Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: A Population-based Study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi ◽  
mina malary ◽  
mahmood moosazadeh ◽  
Soghra Khani ◽  
mehdi Pourasghar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Sexual Interest ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Low Sexual Desire ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background: Various socio-demographic factors have been introduced as determinants of low sexual desire (LSD), but whether these variables can also contribute to hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) remains uncertain. In this study, we sought to identify the socio-demographic determinants of LSD and HSDD in Iranian women of reproductive age. Methods: This was a population-based, cross-sectional study of 1000 Iranian women of reproductive age (15-49 years) who met the inclusion criteria. The participants were chosen using the systematic random sampling method from all the healthcare centers in Sari, Iran. LSD was defined as a score no higher than 33 on the Sexual Interest and Desire Inventory-Female (SIDI-F), sexually-related personal distress was considered as a score of at least 11.0 on the Female Sexual Distress Scale–Revised (FSDS-R), and HSDD was determined based on the sum of these scores. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the socio-demographic characteristics, while for analyzing grouped variables, Chi-squared test was run. Multivariate logistic regression test was also employed to adjust the effect of confounding variables. Results: The mean score of sexual interest/desire among women was 30.6±10.5. After adjusting for the effect of confounding variables (socio-demographic variables such as age, age at first intercourse, level of education, etc.), logistic regression showed that age at first intercourse, length of marriage, and the level of satisfaction with income were significantly associated with both LSD and HSDD (P<0.01). In addition, advancing age (P<0.001) and body mass index (P<0.01) were predictors of LSD alone. Conclusion: Some socio-demographic factors could predict LSD in women, while they were not associated with HSDD. In other words, some factors associated with LSD do not instigate personal distress, which is one of the criteria necessary for the diagnosis of HSDD.

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