The evolution of tachinid pollination in Neotinea ustulata is related to floral cuticular composition and the combined high relative production of ( Z )‐11‐C23/C25enes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Martel ◽  
Demetra Rakosy ◽  
Pedro E. Romero ◽  
Jana Jersáková ◽  
Manfred Ayasse
Keyword(s):  
Relative Production

scholarly journals PLASMA PROTEIN METABOLISM—ELECTROPHORETIC STUDIES

1945 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Zeldis ◽  
E. L. Alling ◽  
A. B. McCoord ◽  
J. P. Kulka
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Essentially Normal ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
Protein Feeding ◽  
Relative Production

The findings on electrophoretic analysis of plasma proteins during many weeks of low protein feeding in dogs accord in general with those of chemical analysis as concerns the alterations in plasma albumin and globulin concentrations. Long continued restriction of dietary protein results in decreased albumin levels while plasma globulin concentrations remain essentially normal. The degree of depletion of electrophoretic albumin is, however, considerably greater than that of chemical albumin. When large amounts of protein are fed to such depleted dogs complete restoration of normal plasma albumin concentrations requires several weeks. During these weeks large quantities of nitrogen are retained, presumably as tissue protein reserves. Prompt production of plasma globulin is apparent during such periods. These relationships are more clearly shown in electrophoretic than in chemical analyses and are more conspicuous when only moderate protein intakes are fed. These data may indicate that plasma globulins and certain tissue proteins, in contrast to plasma albumin, enjoy prior demands on the total available pool of body protein materials under emergency conditions. Total electrophoretic globulin areas are increased during depletion. Such increases result largely from elevated alpha globulin peaks and are not disclosed by chemical analysis. They are found to be associated with elevated plasma lipid levels which occur in these depleted dogs. These experiments suggest that in potency tests for dietary protein materials, factors other than the quality of fed protein may influence the relative production of plasma albumin and globulin.

scholarly journals Impact of Wind Veer and the Coriolis Force for an Idealized Farm to Farm Interaction Case

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Eriksson ◽  
Simon-Philippe Breton ◽  
Karl Nilsson ◽  
Stefan Ivanell
Keyword(s):  
Coriolis Force ◽  
Wind Shear ◽  
Source Term ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Relative Production ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the Coriolis force on the long distance wake behind wind farms is investigated using Large Eddy Simulations (LES) combined with a Forced Boundary Layer (FBL) technique. When using the FBL technique any mean wind shear and turbulent fluctuations can be added with body forces. The wind shear can also include the mean wind veer due to the Coriolis force. The variation of the Coriolis force due to local deviations from the mean profile, e.g., from wakes, is not taken into account in the FBL. This can be corrected for with an extra source term in the equations, hereon defined as the Coriolis correction. For a row of 4 turbines it is shown that the inclusion of the wind veer turns the wake to the right, while including the Coriolis correction turns it to the left. When including both wind veer and Coriolis correction the impact of wind veer dominates. For an idealized farm to farm interaction case, two farms of 4 ∗ 4 turbines with 6 km in between, it can be seen that when including wind veer and the Coriolis correction a approximately 3% increase in the relative production for a full wake direction can be seen and only a slightly smaller increase can be seen when including only wind veer. The results indicate that FBL can be used for studies of long distance wakes without including a Coriolis correction but efforts need to be taken to use a wind shear with a correct mean wind veer.

scholarly journals TOLERANCE OF F 2 POPULATIONS OF COWPEA TO WATER DEFICIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
ERINA VITÓRIO RODRIGUES ◽  
KAESEL JACKSON DAMASCENO-SILVA ◽  
MAURISRAEL DE MOURA ROCHA ◽  
EDSON ALVES BASTOS ◽  
ADRIANO DOS SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Incomplete Block ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Relative Production ◽  
High Production ◽  
Experimental Plots ◽  
Block Experiment

ABSTRACT Water deficit affects plant development and the overcoming of its effects depends on the genotype, duration of stress, severity of damage and development stage of the plant at water stress. Cowpea is considered tolerant to water deficit, however, studies have shown that its yield can be reduced under this condition. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of water deficit on F2 populations of cowpea and select tolerant genotypes. Thirty F2 populations of cowpea and their parents (BRS-Paraguaçu, Pingo-de-Ouro-1-2, BRS-Xiquexique, CNCx-698-128G, Santo-Inácio and MNC99-510F-16-1) were evaluated in two experiments, one under induced water deficit and other under full irrigation, in the experimental field of the Embrapa Mid-North, in Teresina, State of Piauí, Brazil. A triple lattice incomplete block experiment design was used, with three replications. The experimental plots consisted of six 2-m rows, with spacing of 1.0 m between rows and 0.50 m between plants. The grain production was evaluated and its decrease related to the relative production and tolerance to stress was calculated. The grain production of the genotypes had an average decrease of 29.83% under water deficit. The genotypes from the crosses BRS-Paraguaçu x CNCx-698-128G, BRS-Xiquexique x Pingo-de-Ouro-1-2, CNCx-698-128G x BRS-Xiquexique, CNCx-698-128G x MNC99-510F-16-1, Santo-Inácio x BRS-Xiquexique and MNC99-510F-16-1 x BRS-Paraguaçu had high production and high tolerance to water deficit.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Relationship between Compressive Strength and Hydrate Formation Behavior of Low-Temperature Cured Cement upon Addition of a Nitrite-Based Accelerator

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihoon Kim ◽  
Daiki Honda ◽  
Heesup Choi ◽  
Yukio Hama
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Freezing Damage ◽  
Formation Behavior ◽  
Relative Production ◽  
The Relationship

When concrete is used for construction in cold-temperature regions, cold-resistant accelerators based on calcium nitrite (Ca(NO2)2) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) are added to prevent early freezing damage. Although cold-resistant accelerators increase the early compressive strength and prevent early freezing damage by promoting cement hydration, the strength enhancement effect owing to the formation of such hydrates has not been evaluated quantitatively thus far. This study covers various types of analysis to understand the relationship between cement hydrate formation behavior and strength development upon the addition of varying amounts of nitrite-based accelerator. We find that the early compressive strength is enhanced by the addition of nitrite-based accelerator via the promotion of the relative production of monosulfate and C-S-H in the early age. However, the development of compressive strength decreases with an increase in the curing age. Furthermore, we find that the promotion of hydration reactions at an early age with the addition of nitrite-based accelerator can affect the formation ratio of each hydrate at a late age. We believe our findings can significantly contribute to developments in concrete application and allied fields.

scholarly journals Balanced harvesting is the bioeconomic equilibrium of a size-structured Beverton-Holt model

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Plank
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Biomass Transfer ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Relative Production ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Functioning ◽  
Classical Size ◽  
Spectrum Model

Balanced harvesting (BH) was introduced as an alternative strategy to size-at-entry fishing with the aim of maintaining ecosystem structure and functioning. BH has been criticized on a number of grounds, including that it would require an infeasible level of micromanagement and enforcement. Recent results from a size-spectrum model show that the distribution of fishing mortality across body sizes that emerges from the behaviour of a large number of fishing agents corresponds to BH in a single species. Size-spectrum models differ from classical size-structured models used in fisheries as they are based on a bookkeeping of biomass transfer from prey to predator rather than a von Bertalanffy growth model. Here we investigate a classical Beverton-Holt model coupled with the Gordon-Schaefer harvesting model extended to allow for differential fishing pressure at different body sizes. This models an open-access fishery in which individual fishing agents act to maximize their own economic return. We show that the equilibrium of the harvesting model produces an aggregate fishing mortality that is closely matched to the production at different body sizes, in other words BH of a single species. These results have significant implications because they show that the robustness of BH does not depend on arguments about the relative production levels of small versus large fish.

The influence of cultivar and soil type on performance of lucerne in the Victorian Mallee

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (39) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
VF McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Relative Production ◽  
Loam Soil

The production and persistence of nine cultivars of lucerne were studied at the Mallee Research Station, Walpeup, Victoria, over three seasons. Hunter River, Siro Peruvian, and African lucerne were similar in yield, but Siro Peruvian was less persistent. The superior yield of these three cultivars over two accessions of Flandria, Du Puits, and Socheville was largely due to their greater winter production. Two lines of Canadian creeping-rooted lucerne were found to be entirely unsuited to this district. Hunter River and Siro Peruvian lucerne were also compared on a sand and a sandy loam soil at Walpeup. The relative production of the two cultivars was the same on the two soil types but the effect of soil type was marked. The production and persistence of lucerne grown on the sand was far superior to that on the sandy loam.

Identification of 26-minute Zr-84

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 754-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi Shibata ◽  
Paul J. Karol
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Isotopic Distribution ◽  
Absolute Abundance ◽  
Spallation Reactions ◽  
Relative Production ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Mev Protons

An unknown γ-ray of energy 112.5 keV was found in zirconium fractions chemically extracted from isotopically enriched molybdenum targets bombarded with 500 and 800 MeV protons. All evidence suggests that the γ-ray is identifiable with the decay of 84Zr to 84Y. A half-life of 25.7 ± 0.5 min was obtained for 84Zr, which is considerably longer than previously reported half-lives. The absolute abundance of the 112.5 keV γ-ray was also determined. Relative production cross sections for 84Zr were calculated using these results and were consistent with the values interpolated from isotopic distribution curves for spallation reactions.

scholarly journals Lexical, Morphological, and Syntactic Characteristics of Verbs in the Spontaneous Production of Italian Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura D'Odorico ◽  
Mirco Fasolo ◽  
Rosalinda Cassibba ◽  
Alessandro Costantini
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spontaneous Production ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Relative Production ◽  
Developmental Point ◽  
Italian Children ◽  
Mean Length Of Utterance

This study investigates from a developmental point of view the lexical, morphological, and syntactic characteristics of verb production during the first stages of language acquisition. The spontaneous productions of children with different mean length of utterance (MLU) were analysed, examining the relative production of different types of verbs (transitive, intransitive, and mixed), the arguments expressed or omitted in the utterances containing a verb, the morphological inflections produced by the children for each verb, and the generalisation of the syntactic construction with which specific verbs were produced. Data are interpreted in support of the hypothesis that children have a limited abstract knowledge of verbs in the early period of multiword utterance production and that the process of abstractness and generalisation develops gradually on the basis of linguistic experience.

Changes in radial increment of host and nonhost tree species with gypsy moth defoliation

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1365-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Muzika ◽  
A M Liebhold
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Pinus Rigida ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Pitch Pine ◽  
Relative Production ◽  
Preferred Hosts

Ring widths from 1458 trees from Massachusetts, New York, and New Jersey were measured to determine the influence of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) defoliation on both hosts (primarily oaks (Quercus spp.)) and nonhosts. Previous year's defoliation negatively influenced radial increment in all oak species. Defoliation also negatively affected radial growth of pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.), an intermediate host. There was little or no effect of defoliation on increment of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and bigtooth aspen (Populus grandidentata Michx.), but both are preferred hosts. Defoliation of host trees in mixed stands resulted in increased increment in the nonhosts tulip-tree (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) and ash (Fraxinus spp.) in the year following defoliation. The effect of defoliation was also evident in the relative production of earlywood and latewood with a pronounced dominance of earlywood production in host trees during the same year as defoliation and often in the following year.

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