Seasonal and dietary effects on Vitamin D deficiencies detected in wild boar from mid-western Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 668-674
Author(s):  
David Risco ◽  
Pilar Gonçalves ◽  
María Bravo ◽  
Waldo García-Jiménez ◽  
Rosario Cerrato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Dietary Effects ◽  
Western Spain

Modelling the effectiveness of vaccination in controlling bovine tuberculosis in wild boar

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy G. Anderson ◽  
Christian Gortázar ◽  
Joaquin Vicente ◽  
Michael R. Hutchings ◽  
Piran C. L. White
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Western Spain

Context Bovine tuberculosis is a persistent disease of livestock in many parts of the world, especially where wildlife hosts co-exist with livestock. In south-western Spain, despite the widespread implementation of test-and-cull strategies for cattle, the herd prevalence in areas with high wild boar densities remains stable. The control of M. bovis infection in wild boar is likely to be essential for effective disease control in livestock. Methods We developed an individual-based model to evaluate whether vaccinating wild boar piglets with oral bait would be an effective strategy to reduce the prevalence of M. bovis infection in wild boar populations. Specifically, we quantified the proportion of piglets requiring vaccination and the number of years the vaccination programme would need to continue to eradicate bTB from wild boar within 25 years, comparing ‘managed’ populations on hunting estates where supplementary food is provided, with ‘unmanaged’, free-living populations. Successful vaccination was defined as the proportion of piglets that were delivered the vaccine and were effectively protected from infection. Key results Longer-term (25-year) vaccination strategies were more successful than short-term (5-year) strategies at either eradicating M. bovis or reducing it to below 90% of its original prevalence. M. bovis infection could be eradicated under a 25-year vaccination strategy if 80% of piglets were vaccinated in a managed population or 70% of piglets were vaccinated in an unmanaged population. In contrast, 5-year strategies in which 80% of piglets were vaccinated reduced the prevalence of M. bovis only by 27% or 8% in the managed and unmanaged populations, respectively. Conclusions The results of our simulation model, coupled with the promising results of initial vaccine and oral bait-uptake trials in wild boar indicated that vaccination could be an effective strategy to reduce the prevalence of M. bovis infection in wild boar if used in conjunction with other disease-control measures. Implications The vaccination of piglets over a long-term period has the potential to make an important contribution to the eradication of M. bovis infection from wild boar reservoirs in southern Spain.

Supplemental feeding drives endoparasite infection in wild boar in Western Spain

2013 ◽  
Vol 196 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 114-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Navarro-Gonzalez ◽  
Pedro Fernández-Llario ◽  
Juan Enrique Pérez-Martín ◽  
Gregorio Mentaberre ◽  
José M. López-Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Supplemental Feeding ◽  
Western Spain

Trichinellosis survey in the wild boar from the Toledo mountains in south-western Spain (2007–2008): molecular characterization of Trichinella isolates by ISSR-PCR

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.N. García-Sánchez ◽  
J.J. Nogal-Ruiz ◽  
R. Manzano-Lorenzo ◽  
J.M. Arroyo Díaz ◽  
G. Pérez López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Wildlife Diseases ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Wild Host ◽  
Wild Boar Meat ◽  
Western Spain ◽  
Issr Pcr

AbstractIn Spain, trichinellosis represents a public health problem, with an average of five outbreaks per year, wild boar meat being the main source of infection. A trichinellosis survey (2007–2008 hunting campaign) was carried out on wild boars in the Toledo Mountains (south-western Spain, EU) in the context of a surveillance programme on wildlife diseases. A total of 2216 wild boars from different locations of the region were examined. The examination was carried out by veterinarians in the local abattoir (Matadero Municipal de Toledo). The positive samples were sent to the Department of Parasitology (Facultad de Farmacia, UCM) for experimental isolation and specific identification by inter-simple sequence repeat-polymerase chain reaction (ISSR-PCR). Using this technique we identified 17 isolates as Trichinella spiralis with an electrophoretic profile indistinguishable from the T. spiralis reference strain (ISS48). We confirmed that ISSR-PCR is a robust technique for the molecular identification of Trichinella isolates. According to our results, the prevalence of T. spiralis in wild boars from the Toledo Mountains (>800 m above sea level) during the hunting season was approximately 0.77%. The prevalence of T. spiralis (100% of our observations) is a good example of the persistence of this species in sylvatic conditions (coming from the domestic cycle), if a good wild host is abundant. Our observations confirm the major prevalence of T. spiralis over T. britovi in this region, as well as the risk to human health represented by the consumption of uninspected wild boar meat.

scholarly journals Association between vitamin D supplementation and severity of tuberculosis in wild boar and red deer

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 116-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Risco ◽  
F.J. Salguero ◽  
R. Cerrato ◽  
J. Gutierrez-Merino ◽  
S. Lanham-New ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation

High prevalence and intensity of Stephanurus dentatus in a population of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in south western Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
S. Moratal ◽  
R. Ruíz de Ybáñez ◽  
P. Barroso ◽  
J.E. Granados ◽  
U. Höfle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Western Spain

Nasal shedding of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in wild boar is related to generalised tuberculosis and concomitant infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 (20) ◽  
pp. 629-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Risco ◽  
Remigio Martínez ◽  
María Bravo ◽  
Pedro Fernández Llario ◽  
Rosario Cerrato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Nasal Secretions ◽  
Western Spain

BackgroundWild boar is an important reservoir of Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant bovis, the main causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). A proportion of tuberculosis (TB)-affected wild boars shed M tuberculosis by nasal route, favouring the maintenance of bTB in a multihost scenario. The aim of this work was to assess if M tuberculosis nasal excretion is influenced by factors commonly associated with high TB prevalence in wild boar.MethodsTB diagnosis and M tuberculosis isolation were carried out in 112 hunted wild boars from mid-western Spain. The association between the presence of M tuberculosis DNA in nasal secretions and explanatory factors was explored using partial least squares regression (PLSR) approaches.ResultsDNA from M tuberculosis was detected in 40.8 per cent nasal secretions of the TB-affected animals. Explanatory factors provided a first significant PLSR X’s component, explaining 25.70 per cent of the variability observed in M tuberculosis nasal shedding. The presence of M tuberculosis in nasal secretions is more probable in animals suffering from generalised TB and mainly coinfected with Metastrongylus species and porcine circovirus type 2, explaining nearly 90 per cent of the total variance of this model.ConclusionMeasures aiming to control these factors could be useful to reduce M tuberculosis shedding in wild boar.

High-Density Dependence But Low Impact on Selected Reproduction Parameters ofBrucella suisBiovar 2 in Wild Boar Hunting Estates from South-Western Spain

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Risco ◽  
A. García ◽  
E. Serrano ◽  
P. Fernandez-Llario ◽  
J. M. Benítez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Dependence ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
High Density ◽  
Western Spain ◽  
Wild Boar Hunting

Association of vitamin D receptor genotypes with early onset rheumatoid arthritis

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Garcia-Lozano ◽  
M. F. Gonzalez-Escribano ◽  
A. Valenzuela ◽  
A. Garcia ◽  
A. Nunez-Roldan
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Early Onset
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