scholarly journals Insight into Informant Discrepancies Regarding Psychosexual Functioning of Adolescents with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-501
Author(s):  
Linda P. Dekker ◽  
Kirsten Visser ◽  
Esther J.M. Vegt ◽  
Athanasios Maras ◽  
Jan Ende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Informant Discrepancies ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Psychosexual Functioning

scholarly journals Fleeting: a Novel Ultrasonic Vocalization in Mice That Allows to Define Altered Developmental Milestones in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Ferreira ◽  
Sofia Santos ◽  
João Martins ◽  
Miguel Castelo-Branco ◽  
Joana Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Gradual Loss ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Communication Impairments ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Time Point

Abstract A major mode of rodent communication occurs through ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), which are influenced by environmental factors, mouse strain or genetic background and, importantly, by developmental stage. However, few studies have looked into the age-dependent evolution of spectral features of mouse USVs. Here, we report the existence of a novel vocalization, previously unreported, which we named “Fleeting” consisting of two acoustic elements produced with a narrow silent temporal interval between them. Strikingly, this vocalization pattern was extinguished after the second postnatal week, and this temporal pattern was associated with increased emission of Complex vocalizations, by gradual loss of the inter-element interval, suggesting a maturation process occurring at this time point. Importantly, the Fleeting vocalization was analyzed in a mouse model (Tsc2+/-) of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and showed an abnormal persistence, in particular in females which presented delayed conversion of Fleeting into Complex vocalizations compared with males. The identification of this novel vocalization represents an important insight into the maturation of mouse vocal repertoire and may be used as a developmental milestone in studies on neurodevelopmental disorders with communication impairments.

How Game Designers Can Account for Those With Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) When Designing Game Experiences

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-55
Author(s):  
Robert Costello ◽  
Jodie Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Verbal Cues ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Game Environment ◽  
Insight Into

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disability among gamers where individuals belonging to this group of conditions have difficulty understanding non-verbal cues. Though game accessibility is a focal point in the games industry, there has been a keen focus placed on developing accessibility. Consequently, this study examines the perspective of video games from individuals who have autism to gain further insight into the needs of these individuals. The preliminary study is to discover if autistic users' difficulty reading non-verbal cues extends to their perception of a game environment and if these individuals can experience sensory distress while playing video games. A prototype was created to further understand the non-verbal cues to help shape the foundation of accessibility framework. The preliminary results concluded that autistic users frequently misread or fail to pick up on the non-verbal cues used by developers to drive game flow and narrative (e.g., sign-posting), in addition to experiencing sensory distress while playing video games.

scholarly journals Novel Insight Into the Etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder Gained by Integrating Expression Data With Genome-wide Association Statistics

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Pain ◽  
Andrew J. Pocklington ◽  
Peter A. Holmans ◽  
Nicholas J. Bray ◽  
Heath E. O’Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Insight Into

How Game Designers Can Account for Those With Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) When Designing Game Experiences

2022 ◽  
pp. 202-224
Author(s):  
Robert Costello ◽  
Jodie Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Verbal Cues ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Game Environment ◽  
Insight Into

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disability among gamers where individuals belonging to this group of conditions have difficulty understanding non-verbal cues. Though game accessibility is a focal point in the games industry, there has been a keen focus placed on developing accessibility. Consequently, this study examines the perspective of video games from individuals who have autism to gain further insight into the needs of these individuals. The preliminary study is to discover if autistic users' difficulty reading non-verbal cues extends to their perception of a game environment and if these individuals can experience sensory distress while playing video games. A prototype was created to further understand the non-verbal cues to help shape the foundation of accessibility framework. The preliminary results concluded that autistic users frequently misread or fail to pick up on the non-verbal cues used by developers to drive game flow and narrative (e.g., sign-posting), in addition to experiencing sensory distress while playing video games.

scholarly journals Assuming ability of youth with autism: Synthesis of methods capturing the first-person perspectives of children and youth with disabilities

Autism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1882-1896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rackeb Tesfaye ◽  
Valerie Courchesne ◽  
Afiqah Yusuf ◽  
Tal Savion-Lemieux ◽  
Ilina Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
First Person ◽  
Primary Methods ◽  
Parent Consultation ◽  
Participant Engagement ◽  
Insight Into

Most research regarding youth with autism spectrum disorder has not focused on their first-person perspectives providing limited insight into methodologies best suited to eliciting their voices. We conducted a synthesis of methods previously used to obtain the first-person perspectives of youth with various disabilities, which may be applicable to youth with autism spectrum disorder. Two-hundred and eighty-four articles met the inclusion criteria of our scoping review. We identified six distinct primary methods (questionnaires, interviews, group discussion, narratives, diaries, and art) expressed through four communication output modalities (language, sign language and gestures, writing, and images). A group of parents who have children with autism spectrum disorder were then presented with a synthesis of results. This parent consultation was used to build on approaches identified in the literature. Parents identified barriers that may be encountered during participant engagement and provided insights on how best to conduct first-person research with youth with autism spectrum disorder. Based on our findings, we present a novel methodological framework to capture the perspectives of youth with various communication and cognitive abilities, while highlighting family, youth, and expert contributions.

scholarly journals Stereotypies in the Autism Spectrum Disorder: Can We Rely on an Ethological Model?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 762
Author(s):  
Roberto Keller ◽  
Tatiana Costa ◽  
Daniele Imperiale ◽  
Annamaria Bianco ◽  
Elisa Rondini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Repetitive Behaviours ◽  
Literature Mapping ◽  
Stereotypic Behaviour ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Developmental Phases ◽  
Insight Into

Background: Stereotypic behaviour can be defined as a clear behavioural pattern where a specific function or target cannot be identified, although it delays on time. Nonetheless, repetitive and stereotypical behaviours play a key role in both animal and human behaviour. Similar behaviours are observed across species, in typical human developmental phases, and in some neuropsychiatric conditions, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Intellectual Disability. This evidence led to the spread of animal models of repetitive behaviours to better understand the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these dysfunctional behaviours and to gain better insight into their role and origin within ASD and other disorders. This, in turn, could lead to new treatments of those disorders in humans. Method: This paper maps the literature on repetitive behaviours in animal models of ASD, in order to improve understanding of stereotypies in persons with ASD in terms of characterization, pathophysiology, genomic and anatomical factors. Results: Literature mapping confirmed that phylogenic approach and animal models may help to improve understanding and differentiation of stereotypies in ASD. Some repetitive behaviours appear to be interconnected and mediated by common genomic and anatomical factors across species, mainly by alterations of basal ganglia circuitry. A new distinction between stereotypies and autotypies should be considered. Conclusions: Phylogenic approach and studies on animal models may support clinical issues related to stereotypies in persons with ASD and provide new insights in classification, pathogenesis, and management.

Twitter usage about autism spectrum disorder

Autism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1805-1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica L Bellon-Harn ◽  
Jianyuan Ni ◽  
Vinaya Manchaiah
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Insight Into

Stakeholders within autism spectrum disorder communities use Twitter for specific purposes. The goal of this study was to characterize patterns and themes of tweet content and sentiment and intercommunications between users sending and retweeting content to their respective user networks. The study used cross-sectional analysis of data generated from Twitter. Twitter content, sentiment, users, and community networks were examined from a sample of tweets with the highest Twitter reach and the lowest Twitter reach. Results indicate that Twitter content from both samples was primarily related to empowerment and support. Differences between the number of tweets originating from an individual in the lowest reach sample (i.e. 41%) as compared to the individuals in the highest reach sample (i.e. 18%) were noted. The number of users belonging to an advocacy subcommunity was substantially larger than a clinical and research subcommunity. Results provide insight into the presuppositions of individuals with autism spectrum disorder, their families and significant others, and other stakeholders.

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