Hanging Out With the Right Crowd: Peer Influence on Risk-Taking Behavior in Adolescence

The relation between peer influence and risk-taking behaviors has received extensive empirical attention. However, the underlying mechanisms of whether how two-way conflicting context influences risk-taking behaviors still remain unclear. To this end, the current study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate how peer competition affects risk-taking behaviors among adolescents. Twenty-four college students completed a Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) under two contexts: single and peer competition condition. Behavioral results showed that participants prefer risk aversion in competitive context. ERPs results showed that participants induce higher N2 under peer competition in the decision-making phase. In the feedback phase, a higher P300 was observed in single condition while a more negative feedback-related negativity (FRN) was showed after loss feedback. Results are in line with social comparison theory and reinforcement learning theory. The specific effect of peer influence on risk-taking behavior has been discussed.

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Analogue Study of Peer Influence on Risk-Taking Behavior in Older Adolescents

Prevention Science ◽

10.1007/s11121-013-0439-x ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 842-849 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Elizabeth K. Reynolds ◽

Laura MacPherson ◽

Sarah Schwartz ◽

Nathan A. Fox ◽

C. W. Lejuez

Keyword(s):

Peer Influence ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Analogue Study ◽

Older Adolescents ◽

Risk Taking Behavior

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Brain Structural Correlates of Risk-Taking Behavior and Effects of Peer Influence in Adolescents

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0112780 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. e112780 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Myoung Soo Kwon ◽

Victor Vorobyev ◽

Dagfinn Moe ◽

Riitta Parkkola ◽

Heikki Hämäläinen

Keyword(s):

Peer Influence ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Risk Taking Behavior

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Sensation Seeking, Peer Influence, and Risk-Taking Behavior in Adolescents

Education Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/8403024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

R. Siraj ◽

B. Najam ◽

S. Ghazal

Keyword(s):

Peer Influence ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Sensation Seeking ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Peer Influences ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Significant Positive Relationship ◽

Risk Taking Behavior ◽

Age Range ◽

Predicted Risk

This research was conducted to explore the relationship between sensation seeking, peer influence, and risk-taking behavior in adolescents and moderating role of peer influence for sensation seeking and risk-taking behavior. A sample comprised 200 adolescents with age range 10–18 years (M = 17.57, SD = 0.98). Assessment measures included Resistance to Peer Influence Scale (Steinberg and Silverberg (1986)), Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (Prinstein et al. (2003)), and Stimulating and Instrumental Risk questionnaire (Ravert et al. (2009)) and a demographic information sheet. Findings of Pearson product moment analysis revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between sensation seeking and risk-taking behavior in adolescents and there was a significant positive relationship between peer influences and risk-taking behavior in adolescents. Gender differences were observed; male participants scored higher on sensation seeking and risk-taking behavior than female participants, but on peer influence, females scored higher than males. Moderation analysis through hierarchical regression was conducted and findings of this analysis revealed that sensation seeking positively predicted risk-taking behavior and peer influences also positively predicted risk-taking behavior in adolescents but no interaction effect was observed between sensation seeking and peer influence in predicting risk-taking behavior. Moreover, subscales of sensation seeking, i.e., adventure seeking and disinhibition, predicted risk-taking behavior. Results are discussed in terms of their implications.

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Asymmetric Behavior in Ptyodactylus guttatus: Can a Digit Ratio Reflect Brain Laterality?

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym12091490 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1490

Author(s):

Guy Sion ◽

Rahav Tal ◽

Shai Meiri

Keyword(s):

Risk Taking ◽

Brain Asymmetry ◽

Evolutionary Tree ◽

Digit Ratio ◽

Evolutionary Origin ◽

Brain Laterality ◽

Asymmetric Behavior ◽

Hind Foot ◽

Risk Taking Behavior ◽

The Right

The digit ratio, an indicator of brain laterality, is the ratio of the second and fourth digits on the left (L24) or right foot (R24). Much of the research on the digit ratio and brain laterality focuses on primates, rather than other species such as reptiles. We tested whether the digit ratio in the gecko Ptyodactylus guttatus was associated with behaviors attributed to brain laterality. We examined risk-taking behavior (time spent under cover), foot preference (which foot was the first to start moving) and the side from which geckos bypassed an obstacle, in relation to the digit ratio. Geckos with longer fourth digits on their left hind foot (higher digit ratio) spent more time under cover. Geckos starting to move with their left leg were much more likely to bypass obstacles from the right side, and vice versa. This is the first evidence of laterality being associated with the digit ratio in reptiles. Comparisons among vertebrates are needed in order to decipher the evolutionary origin of the commonalities and peculiarities of brain asymmetry and disentangle the patterns and drivers of our evolutionary tree.

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Risk-Taking Behavior in a Computerized Driving Task: Brain Activation Correlates of Decision-Making, Outcome, and Peer Influence in Male Adolescents

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0129516 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e0129516 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Victor Vorobyev ◽

Myoung Soo Kwon ◽

Dagfinn Moe ◽

Riitta Parkkola ◽

Heikki Hämäläinen

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Peer Influence ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Brain Activation ◽

Male Adolescents ◽

Driving Task ◽

Risk Taking Behavior

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Predicting Stock Market Performance

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000330 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Thomas Plieger ◽

Thomas Grünhage ◽

Éilish Duke ◽

Martin Reuter

Keyword(s):

Stock Market ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Life Stress ◽

Price Volatility ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Self Report ◽

Financial Behavior ◽

Market Simulation ◽

Stock Market Performance ◽

Risk Taking Behavior

Abstract. Gender and personality traits influence risk proneness in the context of financial decisions. However, most studies on this topic have relied on either self-report data or on artificial measures of financial risk-taking behavior. Our study aimed to identify relevant trading behaviors and personal characteristics related to trading success. N = 108 Caucasians took part in a three-week stock market simulation paradigm, in which they traded shares of eight fictional companies that differed in issue price, volatility, and outcome. Participants also completed questionnaires measuring personality, risk-taking behavior, and life stress. Our model showed that being male and scoring high on self-directedness led to more risky financial behavior, which in turn positively predicted success in the stock market simulation. The total model explained 39% of the variance in trading success, indicating a role for other factors in influencing trading behavior. Future studies should try to enrich our model to get a more accurate impression of the associations between individual characteristics and financially successful behavior in context of stock trading.

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