scholarly journals Vasopressin and metabolic disorders: translation from experimental models to clinical use

2017 ◽  
Vol 282 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nakamura ◽  
G. Velho ◽  
N. Bouby
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clinical Use

A Preliminary Clinical Study of Cyclophosphamide with Reduced Glutathione Asc Uroprotector

1989 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Nobile ◽  
Maria Giuseppina Vidili ◽  
Marco Benasso ◽  
Marco Venturini ◽  
Michele Tedeschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Microscopic Hematuria ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Thiol Compound ◽  
Preliminary Results

Reduced glutathione (GSH) has been reported to be an effective protector against cyclophosphamide-induced urotoxicity in experimental models, providing protection comparable to that of mesna. This paper describes our preliminary results of the clinical use of GSH in combination with cyclophosphamide. GSH was administered i.v. in two divided doses of 2.5 g, 15 min before and 30 min after escalating doses of cyclophosphamide ranging from 1.2 up to 1.6 g/m2 (1-h infusion). GSH was well tolerated and did not produce unexpected toxicity. The lack of bladder damage, including microscopic hematuria, supports the protective role of this thiol compound.

Interstitial Laser Ablation in Experimental Models and in Clinical Use

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Dachman ◽  
Michael Smith ◽  
Jennifer Burris ◽  
Willem VanDeMerwe
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Interstitial Laser

scholarly journals HIF in Nephrotoxicity during Cisplatin Chemotherapy: Regulation, Function and Therapeutic Potential

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Siyao Li ◽  
Lu Wen ◽  
Xiaoru Hu ◽  
Qingqing Wei ◽  
Zheng Dong
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Oxygen Condition ◽  
Regulation Function

Cisplatin is a highly effective, broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic drug, yet its clinical use and efficacy are limited by its side effects. Particularly, cancer patients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy have high incidence of kidney problems. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the “master” transcription factor that is induced under hypoxia to trans-activate various genes for adaptation to the low oxygen condition. Numerous studies have reported that HIF activation protects against AKI and promotes kidney recovery in experimental models of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). In contrast, little is known about the effects of HIF on chronic kidney problems following cisplatin chemotherapy. Prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors are potent HIF inducers that recently entered clinical use. By inducing HIF, PHD inhibitors may protect kidneys during cisplatin chemotherapy. However, HIF activation by PHD inhibitors may reduce the anti-cancer effect of cisplatin in tumors. Future studies should test PHD inhibitors in tumor-bearing animal models to verify their effects in kidneys and tumors.

scholarly journals Herbal Medicines for the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Current Scenario and Future Prospects

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravirajsinh Jadeja ◽  
Ranjitsinh V. Devkar ◽  
Srinivas Nammi
Keyword(s):  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Treatment Schedule ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Current Scenario

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a multifactorial disease and has close correlations with other metabolic disorders. This makes its treatment difficult using a single pharmacological drug. Use of plant extract/decoction or polyherbal formulation to treat various liver diseases is very well mentioned in various traditional systems of medicine (Ayurveda, Japanese or traditional Chinese Medicine, and Kampo medicine). Medicinal herbs are known for their multifaceted implications and thus can form an effective treatment schedule against NASH. Till date, several plant extracts, polyherbal formulations, and phytochemicals have been evaluated for their possible therapeutic potential in preventing onset and progression of NASH in experimental models, but clinical studies using the same are sparse. Herbal extracts with antioxidants, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic properties have been shown to ameliorate symptoms of NASH. This review article is a meticulous compilation of our current knowledge on the role of natural products in alleviating NASH and possible lacunae in research that needs to be addressed.

Microbiome and metabolic disorders related to obesity: Which lessons to learn from experimental models?

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey M. Neyrinck ◽  
Valentina L. Schüppel ◽  
Trevor Lockett ◽  
Dirk Haller ◽  
Nathalie M. Delzenne
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Experimental Models

scholarly journals Peroxisomes in disease.

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1371-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Goldfischer
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Oxygen Toxicity ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Models Of Disease

Cytochemical, biochemical and morphological changes in peroxisomes have been described in human metabolic disorders, in experimental models of disease and in response to drugs and toxins. These include the cerebrohepatorenal syndromes, in which peroxisomes can not be detected and mitochondrial respiration is inhibited, atherosclerosis, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, and tolerance to oxygen toxicity. Although information on the role of peroxisomes in disease is limited, increased awareness of their widespread distribution and the availability of an improved cytochemical procedure for staining peroxisomes in human specimens should provide new insights into their function.

Nanoparticle Technologies in the Spinal Cord

2016 ◽  
Vol 202 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 102-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Zuidema ◽  
Ryan J. Gilbert ◽  
Donna J. Osterhout
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Chondroitinase Abc ◽  
Rapid Degradation ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Different Types

Nanoparticles are increasingly being studied within experimental models of spinal cord injury (SCI). They are used to image cells and tissue, move cells to specific regions of the spinal cord, and deliver therapeutic agents locally. The focus of this article is to provide a brief overview of the different types of nanoparticles being studied for spinal cord applications and present data showing the capability of nanoparticles to deliver the chondroitinase ABC (chABC) enzyme locally following acute SCI in rats. Nanoparticles releasing chABC helped promote axonal regeneration following injury, and the nanoparticles also protected the enzyme from rapid degradation. In summary, nanoparticles are viable materials for diagnostic or therapeutic applications within experimental models of SCI and have potential for future clinical use.

The role of neovascularisation in the resolution of venous thrombus

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (05) ◽  
pp. 801-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijan Modarai ◽  
Kevin Guiver Burnand ◽  
Julia Humphries ◽  
Matthew Waltham ◽  
Alberto Smith
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vascular Channels ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryDeep vein thrombosis (DVT) can give rise to chronic debilitating complications, which are expensive to treat. Anticoagulation, the standard therapy for DVT, prevents propagation, but does not remove the existing thrombus, which undergoes slow natural resolution. Alternative forms of treatment that accelerate resolution may arise from a better understanding of the cellular and molecular pathways that regulate the natural resolution of thrombi. This review will outline our current understanding of the mechanisms of thrombus resolution and the role of neovascularisation in this process. Novel experimental treatments that may one day find clinical use are also discussed. The process of thrombus resolution resembles wound healing. The mainly monocytic inflammatory infiltrate, which develops, is associated with the appearance of vascular channels. These cells may drive resolution by encouraging angiogenesis, which contributes to restoration of the vein lumen. Significant numbers of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells have also been found in naturally resolving thrombi, but their precise phenotype and their role in thrombus recanalisation is unclear. Enhanced thrombus neovascularisation and rapid vein recanalisation have been achieved in experimental models with proangiogenic agents. Recent reports of the role of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells in the revascularisation of ischaemic tissues suggest that it may be possible to obtain the same effect by delivering pluripotent or lineage specific stem cells into thrombus. These cells could contribute to thrombus recanalisation by expressing a variety of proangiogenic cytokines or by lining the new vessels that appear within the thrombus.

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