It's more than just news: Print media, the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and Collective Memory among African Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-296
Author(s):  
Cleothia Frazier
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Tuskegee Syphilis Study

American Slavery and Russian Serfdom in the Post-Emancipation Imagination

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Brickell Bellows
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
National Consciousness ◽  
American Slavery ◽  
Oil Paintings ◽  
Cultural Productions ◽  
The Core ◽  
Chattel Slavery ◽  
Emancipation Era

The abolition of Russian serfdom in 1861 and American slavery in 1865 transformed both nations as Russian peasants and African Americans gained new rights as subjects and citizens. During the second half of the long nineteenth century, Americans and Russians responded to these societal transformations through a fascinating array of new cultural productions. Analyzing portrayals of African Americans and Russian serfs in oil paintings, advertisements, fiction, poetry, and ephemera housed in American and Russian archives, Amanda Brickell Bellows argues that these widely circulated depictions shaped collective memory of slavery and serfdom, affected the development of national consciousness, and influenced public opinion as peasants and freedpeople strove to exercise their newfound rights. While acknowledging the core differences between chattel slavery and serfdom, as well as the distinctions between each nation’s post-emancipation era, Bellows highlights striking similarities between representations of slaves and serfs that were produced by elites in both nations as they sought to uphold a patriarchal vision of society. Russian peasants and African American freedpeople countered simplistic, paternalistic, and racist depictions by producing dignified self-representations of their traditions, communities, and accomplishments. This book provides an important reconsideration of post-emancipation assimilation, race, class, and political power.

National-Liberty Reflections of the Exodus Myth in Palestine-Israel Print Media Advertisements, 1923-1958

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-117
Author(s):  
Dorit Zimand Sheiner
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Cultural Consciousness ◽  
Integral Component ◽  
Agent Of Change ◽  
Land Of Israel

Focusing on the exodus from Egypt myth, an integral component of the Jewish people's religious and cultural consciousness, the current research highlights the advertising role in utilizing myth as both reinforcement, and as an agent of change in building the collective memory of the Jewish population in Palestine-Israel. The research claims that the local advertisers present their products and services to the local consumers in accordance with the ideology, interests and needs of Zionism. It points to various means for expressing the Zionism “national liberty” meaning of The Exodus myth. These means include the freedom to earn a living in the Land of Israel, the struggle for national liberty, and the “holiday of liberty” as the Israeli Independence Day.

The Dustbin of History

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitch Kachun
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
African American ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Rightful Place ◽  
The Revolution ◽  
Boston Massacre

Between 1771 and 1850 the Boston Massacre itself remained a part of the nation’s collective memory of the American Revolution. Some characterized it as a key event in forging colonial unity while others preferred to distance the Revolution from what they considered a disorderly riot. In either case, Attucks’s role and racial identity remained largely ignored, even among African Americans. A few scattered references to Attucks appeared during the first half of the nineteenth century, but he did not become a focal point for African American arguments for citizenship, inclusion, and equality until the 1850s, when African American activists recognized the central role Attucks might play in establishing blacks’ rightful place in the nation.

Going to the Nation: the idea of Oklahoma in early blues recordings

Popular Music ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Negative View ◽  
Runaway Slaves ◽  
Indian Nation

This paper considers references to Oklahoma in blues recordings from 1924 to 1941, and the paradox that, although the reality of life for African-Americans in that state was little different from life in the Deep South, the recordings usually speak of migration to Oklahoma in optimistic terms. The notion that the Indian Nation (a.k.a. ‘the Territory’) had been a refuge for runaway slaves is rebutted, together with the conclusion that optimistic references in the blues preserve this idea as a collective memory. What is being recalled is rather the period between the Civil War and statehood (1907): the former slaves of Native Americans in Oklahoma became tribal members, gaining the civil and property rights accorded to tribes-people, and the black townships movement offered the prospect of autonomy and self-government on the frontier. Two songs which take a negative view of Oklahoma's Jim Crow reality are also considered.

scholarly journals Four Decades Of African American Portrayals In Magazine Advertising

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
African Americans ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Skilled Labor ◽  
Occupational Roles ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Mass Circulation

This paper examines the frequency of black portrayals as well as the occupations and racial compositions employed in ads depicting blacks in four mass circulation consumer magazines over four decades The portrayal of African Americans in advertising has been of interest to marketers for more than half a century. However, few studies have spanned multiple decades and very few have been extended into the 21st century. This study extends a previous paper (Stevenson 1999) addressing the portrayal of blacks in the consumer print media. Through the use of content analysis, more than 1500 ads were analyzed in these magazines for the years 1975, 1985, 1995, and 2005.  Findings indicate that there were significant increases in the numbers of blacks portrayed in the magazines analyzed in this study. It was also determined that where blacks were portrayed in occupational roles, most depictions were “above skilled labor” and that most portrayals utilized mixed peer rather than non-mixed peer depictions. Findings are compared to previous studies, managerial implications are considered, and suggestions for future research are offered.

National-Liberty Reflections of the Exodus Myth in Palestine-Israel Print Media Advertisements, 1923-1958

2017 ◽  
pp. 190-209
Author(s):  
Dorit Zimand Sheiner
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Cultural Consciousness ◽  
Integral Component ◽  
Agent Of Change ◽  
Land Of Israel

Focusing on the exodus from Egypt myth, an integral component of the Jewish people's religious and cultural consciousness, the current research highlights the advertising role in utilizing myth as both reinforcement, and as an agent of change in building the collective memory of the Jewish population in Palestine-Israel. The research claims that the local advertisers present their products and services to the local consumers in accordance with the ideology, interests and needs of Zionism. It points to various means for expressing the Zionism “national liberty” meaning of The Exodus myth. These means include the freedom to earn a living in the Land of Israel, the struggle for national liberty, and the “holiday of liberty” as the Israeli Independence Day.

Inventing Indigeneity

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Mimasha Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
The Creation

Centered on the texts of performance, the first chapter critically analyses the nature of keywords in the text to understand the processes of influence that were at work in the sphere of print media. A semiotic analysis of the texts and the keywords has helped understand how the stories—historical, social, mythological, as well as contemporary—contributed in the creation of what may be called a collective memory among the audiences.

scholarly journals African Americans’ views on research and the Tuskegee Syphilis study

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki S Freimuth ◽  
Sandra Crouse Quinn ◽  
Stephen B Thomas ◽  
Galen Cole ◽  
Eric Zook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Tuskegee Syphilis Study

scholarly journals Faith in the Just Behavior of the Government: Intergroup Apologies and Apology Elaboration

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel R. Steele ◽  
Craig W. Blatz
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Tuskegee Syphilis Study ◽  
Societal Norms ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
The Government ◽  
Forgiveness And Reconciliation

After intergroup injustices, perpetrator groups may seek to restore intergroup relations by offering an apology. Through quantitative empirical tests some scholars have examined whether these apologies promote forgiveness and reconciliation. This work has found inconsistent relations between apology and forgiveness. We proposed and tested other variables as relevant outcomes of intergroup apology as well, namely perceived remorsefulness, faith in societal norms of justice, and trust. We also tested how the elaborateness of an apology changed its effectiveness. The study (N = 145) presented excerpts of President Clinton’s apology for the Tuskegee Syphilis Study to African-Americans, varying the apology elaborateness. We examined whether apologies of varying elaborateness affect forgiveness (to be consistent with past research), perceptions that the response was remorseful, beliefs that norms of just behavior would be upheld, and trust in the perpetrator group. All apologies, but particularly more elaborate apologies, resulted in higher perceptions of remorsefulness and justice norms, but not trust or forgiveness. The results imply that apologies may have many benefits with perceptions of remorsefulness and justice norms being amongst them.

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