scholarly journals Dental attendance, restoration and extractions in adults with intellectual disabilities compared with the general population: a record linkage study

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 980-986
Author(s):  
L. M. Ward ◽  
S.‐A. Cooper ◽  
P. McSkimming ◽  
N. Greenlaw ◽  
C. Pacitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Dental Attendance ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

scholarly journals Rates, causes, place and predictors of mortality in adults with intellectual disabilities with and without Down syndrome: cohort study with record linkage

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e036465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally-Ann Cooper ◽  
Linda Allan ◽  
Nicola Greenlaw ◽  
Paula McSkimming ◽  
Adam Jasilek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Endoscopic Gastrostomy ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

ObjectivesTo investigate mortality in adults with intellectual disabilities: rates, causes, place, demographic and clinical predictors.DesignCohort study with record linkage to death data.SettingGeneral community.Participants961/1023 (94%) adults (16–83 years; mean=44.1 years; 54.6% male) with intellectual disabilities, clinically examined in 2001–2004; subsequently record-linked to their National Health Service number, allowing linkage to death certificate data, 2018.Outcome measuresStandardised mortality ratios (SMRs), underlying and all contributing causes of death, avoidable deaths, place, and demographic and clinical predictors of death.Results294/961 (30.6%) had died; 64/179 (35.8%) with Down syndrome, 230/783 (29.4%) without Down syndrome. SMR overall=2.24 (1.98, 2.49); Down syndrome adults=5.28 (3.98, 6.57), adults without Down syndrome=1.93 (1.68, 2.18); male=1.69 (1.42, 1.95), female=3.48 (2.90, 4.06). SMRs decreased as age increased. More severe intellectual disabilities increased SMR, but ability was not retained in the multivariable model. SMRs were higher for most International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision chapters. For adults without Down syndrome, aspiration/reflux/choking and respiratory infection were the the most common underlying causes of mortality; for Down syndrome adults ‘Down syndrome’, and dementia were most common. Amenable deaths (29.8%) were double that in the general population (14%); 60.3% died in hospital. Mortality risk related to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/tube fed, Down syndrome, diabetes, lower respiratory tract infection at cohort-entry, smoking, epilepsy, hearing impairment, increasing number of prescribed drugs, increasing age. Bowel incontinence reduced mortality risk.ConclusionsAdults with intellectual disabilities with and without Down syndrome have different SMRs and causes of death which should be separately reported. Both die younger, from different causes than other people. Some mortality risks are similar to other people, with earlier mortality reflecting more multimorbidity; amenable deaths are also common. This should inform actions to reduce early mortality, for example, training to avoid aspiration/choking, pain identification to address problems before they are advanced, and reasonable adjustments to improve healthcare quality.

Dental attendance among older adults with intellectual disabilities in Ireland

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mac Giolla Phadraig C ◽  
Eilish Burke ◽  
Philip McCallion ◽  
Eimear McGlinchey ◽  
June Nunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Dental Attendance ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

scholarly journals Impact of diabetes on hospital admission and length of stay among a general population aged 45 year or more: a record linkage study

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Jean Comino ◽  
Mark Fort Harris ◽  
MD Fakhrul Islam ◽  
Duong Thuy Tran ◽  
Bin Jalaludin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Linkage Study

scholarly journals Incidence of unipolar and bipolar depression, and mania in adults with intellectual disabilities: prospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 (5) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally-Ann Cooper ◽  
Elita Smiley ◽  
Linda Allan ◽  
Jillian Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Problem Behaviours ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

BackgroundIncidence and determinants of affective disorders among adults with intellectual disabilities are unknown.AimsTo investigate affective disorder incidence, and determinants of unipolar depression, compared with general population reports.MethodProspective cohort study measuring mental ill health of adults with mild to profound intellectual disabilities living within a defined community, over 2 years.ResultsThere was 70% cohort retention (n = 651). Despite high mood stabiliser use (22.4%), 2-year incident mania at 1.1% is higher than the general population; 0.3% for first episode (standardised incident ratio (SIR) = 41.5, or 52.7 excluding Down syndrome). For any bipolar episode the SIR was 2.0 (or 2.5 excluding Down syndrome). Depression incidence at 7.2% is similar to the general population (SIR = 1.2), suggesting more enduring/undertreatment given the higher prevalence. Problem behaviours (odds ratio (OR) = 2.3) and life events (OR = 1.3) predict incident unipolar depression.ConclusionsDepression needs improved treatment. Mania has received remarkably little attention in this population, despite high prevalence and incidence (similar to schizophrenia), and given the importance of clinician awareness for accurate differential diagnosis from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and problem behaviours.Declaration of interestNone.

Prevalence of drug use among adults with intellectual disabilities compared with drug use in the general population

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-344
Author(s):  
Oddbjørn Hove ◽  
Eva Biringer ◽  
Odd E. Havik ◽  
Jörg Assmus ◽  
Kirsten J. Braatveit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

scholarly journals Long-term condition management in adults with intellectual disability in primary care: a systematic review

BJGP Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. bjgpopen18X101445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hanlon ◽  
Sara MacDonald ◽  
Karen Wood ◽  
Linda Allan ◽  
Sally-Ann Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
General Population ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Health Checks ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

BackgroundAdults with intellectual disabilities have higher morbidity and earlier mortality than the general population. Access to primary health care is lower, despite a higher prevalence of many long-term conditions.AimTo synthesise the evidence for the management of long-term conditions in adults with intellectual disabilities and identify barriers and facilitators to management in primary care.Design & settingMixed-methods systematic review.MethodSeven electronic databases were searched to identify both quantitative and qualitative studies concerning identification and management of long-term conditions in adults with intellectual disability in primary care. Both the screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts, and the quality assessment were carried out in duplicate. Findings were combined in a narrative synthesis.ResultsFifty-two studies were identified. Adults with intellectual disabilities are less likely than the general population to receive screening and health promotion interventions. Annual health checks may improve screening, identification of health needs, and management of long-term conditions. Health checks have been implemented in various primary care contexts, but the long-term impact on outcomes has not been investigated. Qualitative findings highlighted barriers and facilitators to primary care access, communication, and disease management. Accounts of experiences of adults with intellectual disabilities reveal a dilemma between promoting self-care and ensuring access to services, while avoiding paternalistic care.ConclusionAdults with intellectual disabilities face numerous barriers to managing long-term conditions. Reasonable adjustments, based on the experience of adults with intellectual disability, in addition to intervention such as health checks, may improve access and management, but longer-term evaluation of their effectiveness is required.

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