Environmental and economic implications of stormwater management alternatives in rural development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Peterson ◽  
Patricia M. Awerbuch ◽  
Sabrina Spatari
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Management Alternatives

Agriculture Biomaterial Industry in Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Irina Bancescu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Urban Rural

Rural areas in Romania are underdeveloped, with the main economic activity being agriculture. Urban-rural income gap and poverty levels are indicative of an underdeveloped rural area. Urban-rural absolute income gap for average monthly income increased from 352 RON in 2007 to 663 RON in 2017. Moreover, the work poverty rate is higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Economic rural development can be achieved by improvements of the labour market and introduction of new value-added products. Agricultural and non-agricultural activities are dependent on each other for a successful rural development leading to poverty alleviation. An industry that combines the two types of economic activities is agriculture biomaterial industry. In this paper, the authos investigates the factors influencing rural poverty and analyses the current stage of the bioplastics market in Romania and its economic implications. Bioplastics industry can reduce urban-rural income gaps and poverty in rural areas.

Economic Implications of Stocking and Budworm Attacks for Jack Pine Management

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar W. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Regional Growth ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
Lake States ◽  
Management Alternatives

Regional growth and supply projections under selected management alternatives are crucial in planning necessary steps to meet increasing demands on a shrinking timber resource base. Knowledge about the growth and stocking conditions of second-growth stands is essential in such long-term projections especially if large geographical areas are considered. Two second-growth stocking assumptions were selected to illustrate the effect of stocking on management variables for the jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) inventory of northwestern Wisconsin and to indicate plausible ranges for future growth, growing stock, and harvest volumes. These stocking effects were studied in a deterministic environment and with the occurrence of stochastic infestations of jack pine budworm (Choristoneurapinuspinus Freeman). The analysis illustrated the strong sensitivity of system's variables to assumptions about stocking for two contrasting rotation alternatives. The sensitivity of the model was increased considerably when budworm infestations were simulated because jack pine budworm populations movements are strongly influenced by the stocking conditions of the host stand. Policies were identified for which more reliable projections of minimum expected growth and yields are possible than for presently-used policies for jack pine in the Lake States.

scholarly journals Rural Tourism As Promoter Of Rural Development – Prospects And Limitations: Case Study Findings From A Pilot Projectpromoting Village Tourism

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Neumeier ◽  
Kim Pollermann
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Development Prospects

AbstractThe article questions where and how rural tourism (with special focus on small scale village tourism) that is often focused on in rural development initiatives can contribute to rural development in the light of the OECD’s ‘new rural paradigm’. For this purpose theoretical findings from research about tourism and factors of success of rural development processes are combined and reflected against findings of empirical research conducted in five eastern German rural regions. It is shown that although tourism might, in the majority of rural regions, induce only small economic impacts - which indicate failure as a factor for regional development - it can cause important non-economic implications. Thus, even in regions not suitable for tourism, tourism can function as a vehicle for rural development. Thereby it is important to develop a suitable strategy and consider the specific regional situation and potentials of success.

Model for Selection of Stormwater Control Alternatives

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
R. Bedrosyan ◽  
J. Ganczarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Management Alternatives

Abstract In urban centres, the degree of pollution from combined sewer overflows and stormwater runoff is becoming ever more noticeable and critical. Among the many stormwater management alternatives for combined sewer overflow abatement, remote monitoring/real-time control is emerging as a cost-effective method in large urban centres. Its advantage is that it does not require additional facilities, but uses the existing system more effectively. A general computer model is needed in the planning stage, which can estimate the overall performance of real-time control and other stormwater management alternatives, without employing expensive, single-event models like WREM. The well-established and most widely used initial planning model STORM is unable to provide an overall system description. Therefore, a new programme, named RAFFI, was devised which can be combined with STORM. The RAFFI is a simple model which provides hourly information on flows and pollutants (BOD and SS) diverted into receiving waters from various overflow points and treatment and by-pass operations at the plant. The model can simulate the overall behaviour of existing and proposed systems in multi-basin urban areas for single storms, or for many storms over a long period, such as one year. In-system storage can be simulated by assuming that the interceptor acts as a common reservoir which can store flows from all watersheds, while each trunk can store flows only from the watershed that it serves. Dynamic regulators can be simulated according to a built-in control strategy, which changes the flow capacity of diversion pipes and outfalls, based on plant, trunk and interceptor flow and storage values at each hour. Capacities for primary, secondary or by-pass operations at the plant can be varied during storms. Treatment of overflows at each outfall can also be simulated. The model is equally applicable to separate storm sewer systems. The objective was not to produce yet another new model, but to integrate programme RAFFI with STORM, in order to increase its capabilities in the initial planning stage. By using STORM-RAFFI, a decision-maker can estimate the overall performance of an existing system during wet

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