Vitamin D and muscle strength throughout the life course: a review of epidemiological and intervention studies

E. K. McCarthy; M. Kiely

doi:10.1111/jhn.12268

Use of Fitbit Devices in Physical Activity Intervention Studies across the Life Course: Narrative Review (Preprint)

JMIR mhealth and uhealth ◽

10.2196/23411 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ruth Gaelle St Fleur ◽

Sara Mijares St. George ◽

Rafael Leite ◽

Marissa Kobayashi ◽

Yaray Agosto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Life Course ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Narrative Review ◽

The Life Course

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Use of Fitbit Devices in Physical Activity Intervention Studies across the Life Course: A Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.23411 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ruth Gaelle St Fleur ◽

Sara Mijares St. George ◽

Rafael Leite ◽

Marissa Kobayashi ◽

Yaray Agosto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Course ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Developmentally Appropriate ◽

Self Report ◽

Research Library ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Wear Time ◽

The Life Course

BACKGROUND Commercial off-the-shelf activity trackers (e.g., Fitbit) allow users to self-monitor their daily activity, including number of steps, type of PA, and amount of sleep, among other features. Fitbits have been used as both measurement and intervention tools. However, it is not clear how they are being incorporated into PA intervention studies, and differences in use protocols across the life course (e.g., models, strategies to boost wear time) are not known. OBJECTIVE This paper aimed to review the use of Fitbit devices in PA intervention research across the life course in order to provide intervention scientists with a synthesis of information that may inform their future trials involving Fitbit devices. METHODS We conducted a search of the Fitabase Fitbit Research Library. Of the 682 studies available on the Fitabase Fitbit Research Library, 79 interventions met the eligibility criteria for this review and 44 were selected for inclusion, representing interventions conducted in childhood, adolescence, early, middle, and older adulthood. RESULTS Most studies used developmentally appropriate behavior change techniques and wear time instructions. Device wear instructions differed substantially across studies, ranging from a specific number of hours over a given assessment period to daily wear for the duration of the intervention. Strategies to boost wear time included daily reminders through texts and syncing Fitbit data. Minimum wear time criteria differed considerably, both within and between developmental stages. Additionally, rates of adherence to wear time criteria were reported using varying metrics. Most studies supplemented the use of Fitbits with additional objective or self-report measures for PA. CONCLUSIONS Future work should focus on developing standardized protocols for using commercially available devices, especially the most popular ones, in the context of research.

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Vitamin D deficiency and the ancient city: Skeletal evidence across the life course from the Roman period site of Isola Sacra, Italy

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology ◽

10.1016/j.jaa.2019.101069 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 ◽

pp. 101069 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Laura Lockau ◽

Stephanie Atkinson ◽

Simon Mays ◽

Tracy Prowse ◽

Michele George ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Life Course ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Roman Period ◽

Ancient City ◽

Isola Sacra ◽

The Life Course

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Musculoskeletal phenotype through the life course: the role of nutrition

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665111003375 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 27-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Kate Ward

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Life Course ◽

Body Fat ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Musculoskeletal Health ◽

Bone Phenotype ◽

Muscle Loading ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Life Course

This review considers the definition of a healthy bone phenotype through the life course and the modulating effects of muscle function and nutrition. In particular, it will emphasise that optimal bone strength (and how that is regulated) is more important than simple measures of bone mass. The forces imposed on bone by muscle loading are the primary determinants of musculoskeletal health. Any factor that changes muscle loading on the bone, or the response of bone to loading results in alterations of bone strength. Advances in technology have enhanced the understanding of a healthy bone phenotype in different skeletal compartments. Multiple components of muscle strength can also be quantified. The critical evaluation of emerging technologies for assessment of bone and muscle phenotype is vital. Populations with low and moderate/high daily Ca intakes and/or different vitamin D status illustrate the importance of nutrition in determining musculoskeletal phenotype. Changes in mass and architecture maintain strength despite low Ca intake or vitamin D status. There is a complex interaction between body fat and bone which, in addition to protein intake, is emerging as a key area of research. Muscle and bone should be considered as an integrative unit; the role of body fat requires definition. There remains a lack of longitudinal evidence to understand how nutrition and lifestyle define musculoskeletal health. In conclusion, a life-course approach is required to understand the definition of healthy skeletal phenotype in different populations and at different stages of life.

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Session 2: Other diseases Dietary management of osteoporosis throughout the life course

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665109991765 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 25-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Susie Earl ◽

Zoe A. Cole ◽

Christopher Holroyd ◽

Cyrus Cooper ◽

Nicholas C. Harvey

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Bone Mass ◽

Life Course ◽

Maternal Nutrition ◽

Osteoporotic Fractures ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

The Individual ◽

The Life Course ◽

Offspring Health

Osteoporosis-related fractures have a major impact on health at the individual and societal levels, through associated morbidity and increased mortality. Up to 50% of women and 20% of men at age 50 years may have a fragility fracture in their remaining lifetimes. Nutrition is important throughout the life course. Thus, adequate Ca and vitamin D intake has been shown to reduce risk of fracture in old age. Other factors such as protein and vitamin K may also be important, although the evidence here is less strong. In childhood Ca or vitamin D supplementation trials have demonstrated modest short-term increases in bone mass, but the long-term implications have not been established. Over recent years it has become apparent that maternal nutrition may have critical and far-reaching persistent consequences for offspring health. Thus, reduced maternal fat stores and low levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D in pregnancy are associated with reduced bone mass in the offspring; placental Ca transport may be key to these relationships. Wider maternal dietary patterns have also been shown to predict offspring bone mass. These data suggest that an interventional approach aimed at specific micronutrients, such as vitamin D, should be complemented by general optimisation of the mother's diet and lifestyle in order to maximise intrauterine bone mineral accrual and postnatal skeletal growth and thus reduce the burden of osteoporotic fractures in future generations.

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