Lead nitrate and cadmium chloride induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity: Protective effects of sesamol on biochemical indices and pathological changes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Baş ◽  
Fatma Gökçe Apaydın ◽  
Suna Kalender ◽  
Yusuf Kalender
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Biochemical Indices

scholarly journals A Tool Derived from the Vicia faba Micronucleus Assay, to Assess Genotoxicity, Cytotoxicity or Biostimulation of Novel Compounds Used in Agriculture

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Perrine Klein ◽  
Lorelei Chauvey ◽  
Jean Kallerhoff ◽  
Eric Pinelli ◽  
Marie Morard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Rapid Tests

The increased use of biostimulants in conventional agriculture and organic farming requires the implementation of rapid tests to determine their effectiveness in enhancing plant growth and protection against abiotic stresses. However, their innocuity to plant health has rarely been demonstrated. We used the Vicia faba Micronucleus Assay, as described by the standard AFNOR EN ISO 29200(2020-05) to reveal biostimulant, genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of four commercialized wood-based products by comparing mitotic indices and micronucleus frequencies with respect to the controls. Neither genotoxicity, as measured by micronucleus frequency (MN), nor cytotoxicity, assessed by Mitotic index counts, was observed. Additionally, one of these stimulants (BHS®) conferred protective effects against contaminants (maleic hydrazide or lead nitrate). We describe that plotting micronuclei frequency against mitotic indices allows discrimination between cytotoxic/genotoxic effects from growth levels. Vicia faba experiments were successfully transposed to other agronomical important crops such as corn and sunflower. This technique can be valuable to industrials, to assess growth, potential cytoxicity and genotoxicity effects of any new biostimulant or organic.

scholarly journals Dietary silymarin, Silybum marianum extract ameliorates cadmium chloride toxicity in common carp, Cyprinus carpio

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarmad Ghazi Al-Shawi ◽  
Asraa Yacoob Yousif ◽  
Zena Kadhim Al-Younis ◽  
Rustem Adamovich Shichiyakh ◽  
Angelina Olegovna Zekiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Diet Treatment ◽  
Chloride Toxicity ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract The present study evaluated the protective effects of silymarin extract (SIE) on cadmium chloride toxicity in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Four experimental group were considered for the experiment including: SIE0 (control): non-SIE-supplemented fish, SIE1: fish supplemented with 400 mg SIE/kg diet, SIE2: fish supplemented with1400mg SIE/kg diet, SIE3: fish supplemented with 2400 mg SIE/kg diet). Fish were fed experimental diet for 60 days and then exposed to cadmium chloride (1.5 mg/l or 25% of LC50–96 h) and antioxidant defense components and the survival rate assayed. After 60 days feeding trial, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels significantly increased (P<0.01) in 1400–2400 mg SIE/kg diet treatments compared to those in control and 400 mg SIE/kg diet treatment. Malondialdehyde (MDA) (P>0.01) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels (P>0.01) remained unchanged during the feeding period in all treatments. Hepatic catalase (CAT) in all SIE supplemented groups and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in 1400–2400 mg SIE/kg diet treatments significantly elevated (P<0.01) in response to SIE. Plasma levels of hepatic metabolic enzymes [alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ] remained unchanged (P>0.01) in all experimental groups over feeding period. After exposure to cadmium chloride, TAC levels were significantly elevated (P<0.01) in all experimental groups. In control and 400 mg SIE/kg diet treatment, TAC showed lower levels (P<0.01) compared to other groups. MDA levels were significantly increased (P<0.01) in control and fish supplemented with 400 and 1400 mg SIE/kg diet. TAC in the fish of 2400 mg SIE/kg diet treatment remained unchanged (P>0.01), following the exposure. CAT (P<0.01), SOD (P<0.01) and GPx (P<0.01) were significantly elevated in response to cadmium chloride in all groups. However, the treatments, 1400 and 2400 mg SIE/kg diet, showed lower increases (P<0.01) of enzymes. AChE activity (P<0.01) in the liver were significantly decreased in control and fish fed 400 and 1400 mg SIE/kg diet. Exposure to cadmium significantly increased (P<0.01) the plasma levels of ALT, AST, ALP and LDH in control and those fed 400 and 1400 mg SIE/kg diet. The findings of the current study indicated that SIE at a rate of 1400–2400mg/kg diet might enhance antioxidant defense and protect hepatocytes against toxic effects of cadmium.

Sub-acute effects of diazinon on biochemical indices and specific biomarkers in rats: Protective effects of crocin and safranal

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 2803-2808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Timcheh Hariri ◽  
Seyed Adel Moallem ◽  
Mahmoud Mahmoudi ◽  
Bahram Memar ◽  
Hossein Hosseinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effects ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Biochemical Indices

Protective effects of ethanolic extract of Mormodica charantia leaf on lead nitrate-induced bone marrow toxicity

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
RichardO Agbonluai Ehimigbai ◽  
GeraldIkechi Eze ◽  
VitalisChukwuma Ezeuko ◽  
DorotheaBaxter Grillo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Bone Marrow Toxicity ◽  
Protective Effects

Protective Effects of Quercetin Against Cadmium Chloride-Induced Oxidative Injury in Goat Sperm and Zygotes

2018 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingchao Mao ◽  
Chengquan Han ◽  
Biao Wei ◽  
Lu Zhao ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Oxidative Injury ◽  
Protective Effects
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