Ultraviolet B‐irradiated mushroom supplementation increased the Ca ++ uptake and ameliorated the LPS‐induced inflammatory responses in zebrafish larvae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debasish Kumar Dey ◽  
Sukkum Ngullie Chang ◽  
Ji Ye Gu ◽  
Kang Min Kim ◽  
Jeong Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
Ca Uptake

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of 4-((1R,2R)-3-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenol Isolated from Juglans mandshurica Maxim. in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Zebrafish Larvae Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 771
Author(s):  
Su-Hyeon Cho ◽  
SeonJu Park ◽  
Hoibin Jeong ◽  
Song-Rae Kim ◽  
Myeong Seon Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Juglans Mandshurica ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Juglans mandshurica Maxim., a traditional folk medicinal plant, is widely distributed in Korea and China. In our previous study, we isolated a new phenylpropanoid compound, 4-((1R,2R)-3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenol (HHMP), from J. mandshurica. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of HHMP on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and zebrafish larvae. HHMP significantly inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 production in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, HHMP treatment considerably suppressed LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. We also demonstrated the mechanisms of HHMP inhibition of inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells via Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, HHMP significantly inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated zebrafish larvae. Consequently, we established that HHMP significantly inhibited the LPS-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK and the nuclear translocation of p65 in RAW 264.7 cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the effect of HHMP on LPS-induced inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo, suggesting its potential to be used as a natural anti-inflammatory agent.

scholarly journals Effects of Helichrysum bracteatum flower extracts on UVB irradiation-induced inflammatory biomarker expression

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Jeong Kim ◽  
Ji Hyun Seok ◽  
Waiting Cheung ◽  
Sung-Nae Lee ◽  
Hyun Hee Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Human Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Helichrysum Bracteatum

Abstract Background The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Helichrysum bracteatum (H. bracteatum) flower extracts in vitro. Methods H. bracteatum flowers were extracted with water, ethanol and 1,3-butylene glycol, and the anti-oxidative activities of the extracts were measured using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The inhibition of the expression of inflammation-related genes, including tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), was evaluated in vitro using reverse transcription-PCR in ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa cells). To investigate the inhibitory effects of H. bracteatum flower extracts on UVB-induced inflammatory responses in HEKa cells, the production of nitric oxide (NO) and TNF-α was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation; statistical significance was calculated using the Student’s t-test. Results The DPPH assay results showed that H. bracteatum flower extracts have good anti-oxidative effects and inhibited the expression of inflammation-related genes IL-6, COX-2 and TNF-α. Moreover, the production of NO and TNF-α was inhibited by H. bracteatum flower extracts. Conclusions These findings indicate that H. bracteatum flower extracts have efficacy against UVB-induced inflammation-related gene expression.

scholarly journals Anti-Wrinkle Mechanism of Melatonin in UVB Treated HaCaT Keratinocytes and Hairless Mouse via Inhibition of ROS and Sonic Hedgehog Mediated Inflammatory Proteins

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Kyung Park ◽  
Hyo-Jung Lee ◽  
Hyemin Lee ◽  
Ju-Ha Kim ◽  
Jisung Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Hairless Mouse ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Hacat Keratinocytes ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Dermal Collagen ◽  
Inflammatory Proteins ◽  
Cox 2

Though melatonin is known to improve ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced oxidative damage and inflammatory conditions via blockade of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, interleukin (IL)-6, there is no report on anti-wrinkle effect of melatonin to date. Hence in the present study, anti-wrinkle mechanism of melatonin was elucidated in UVB treated HaCaT keratinocytes and hairless mice. Herein melatonin protected against a radical initiator tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP-1) and cytotoxicity in HaCaT keratinocytes. Also, melatonin suppressed the expression of sonic hedgehog (SHH) and GLI for hedgehog signaling, p-NF-kB, cyclooxygenase (COX-2), p-ERK for inflammatory responses in UVB treated HaCaT keratinocytes. Furthermore, melatonin protected skin from wrinkle formation, transdermal water loss in hairless mice irradiated by UVB for 8 weeks. Notably, melatonin prevented against epidermal thickness and dermal collagen degradation in UVB irradiated hairless mice by Hematoxylin & Eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining. Taken together, these findings suggest that melatonin reduces wrinkle formation via inhibition of ROS/SHH and inflammatory proteins such as NF-kB/COX-2/ERK/MMP1.

scholarly journals ETAS®50 Attenuates SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-Induced IL-6 and IL-1β Production by Suppressing p44/42 MAPK and Akt Phosphorylation in Murine Primary Macrophages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Shirato ◽  
Jun Takanari ◽  
Takako Kizaki
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Tlr4 Signaling

Excessive host inflammation following infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is associated with severity and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We recently reported that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit (S1) induces pro-inflammatory responses by activating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages. ETAS®50, a standardized extract of Asparagus officinalis stem, is a unique functional food that elicits anti-photoaging effects by suppressing pro-inflammatory signaling in hydrogen peroxide- and ultraviolet B-exposed skin fibroblasts. To elucidate its potential in preventing excessive inflammation in COVID-19, we examined the effects of ETAS®50 on pro-inflammatory responses in S1-stimulated murine peritoneal exudate macrophages. Co-treatment of the cells with ETAS®50 significantly attenuated S1-induced secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 in a concentration-dependent manner without reducing cell viability. ETAS®50 also markedly suppressed the S1-induced transcription of IL-6 and IL-1β. However, among the TLR4 signaling proteins, ETAS®50 did not affect the degradation of inhibitor κBα, nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB p65 subunit, and phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase p54 subunit after S1 exposure. In contrast, ETAS®50 significantly suppressed S1-induced phosphorylation of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Akt. Attenuation of S1-induced transcription of IL-6 and IL-1β by the MAPK kinase inhibitor U0126 was greater than that by the Akt inhibitor perifosine, and the effects were potentiated by simultaneous treatment with both inhibitors. These results suggest that ETAS®50 attenuates S1-induced IL-6 and IL-1β production by suppressing p44/42 MAPK and Akt signaling in macrophages. Therefore, ETAS®50 may be beneficial in regulating excessive inflammation in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Saireito Improves Lymphatic Function and Prevents UVB-Induced Acute Inflammation and Photodamage in HR-1 Hairless Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Manami Oyama ◽  
Kenta Murata ◽  
Misaki Ogata ◽  
Nina Fujita ◽  
Ryuji Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Lymphatic Function

A single high-dose ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure on the skin induces acute inflammatory responses, such as an increase in proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6 and IL-1β), hyperpermeability and dilation of blood and lymphatic vessels, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. These responses result in different cutaneous disorders characterized by erythema, epidermal hyperplasia, edema formation, and extracellular matrix degradation. Saireito extract (SRT), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat various inflammatory diseases in Japan, and SRT and its major active components (e.g., saikosaponins and baicalin) were reported to downregulate proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, SRT has a protective effect against UV irradiation in vitro. Based on these findings, we aimed to investigate the effect of SRT on UVB-induced photodamage and structural change in the vasculature. We pretreated male HR-1 hairless mice with SRT (625 or 1250 mg/kg) for 3 weeks before a single UVB (250 mJ/cm2) irradiation. SRT treatment attenuated UVB-induced increases in erythema, transepidermal water loss, and edema formation at 72 h after irradiation. SRT treatment also suppressed UVB-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen degradation. Furthermore, at 24 h after irradiation, SRT treatment inhibited UVB-induced upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and reduction in lymphatic vessel density associated with upregulation of VEGF-C expression. These results suggest that SRT could attenuate UVB-induced photodamage. This protective effect of SRT involves suppression of upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and improvement of lymphatic function in the early stage of inflammation.

scholarly journals Zebrafish in Inflammasome Research

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Forn-Cuní ◽  
Annemarie H. Meijer ◽  
Monica Varela
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Evolutionary Conservation ◽  
Intravital Imaging ◽  
Evolutionary Origin ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Multiprotein Complexes ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
Caspase 1

Inflammasomes are cytosolic multiprotein complexes that regulate inflammatory responses to danger stimuli and infection, and their dysregulation is associated with an increasing number of autoinflammatory diseases. In recent years, zebrafish models of human pathologies to study inflammasome function in vivo have started to emerge. Here, we discuss inflammasome research in zebrafish in light of current knowledge about mammalian inflammasomes. We summarize the evolutionary conservation of inflammasome components between zebrafish and mammals, highlighting the similarities and possible divergence in functions of these components. We present new insights into the evolution of the caspase-1 family in the teleost lineage, and how its evolutionary origin may help contextualize its functions. We also review existing infectious and non-infectious models in zebrafish in which inflammasomes have been directly implicated. Finally, we discuss the advantages of zebrafish larvae for intravital imaging of inflammasome activation and summarize available tools that will help to advance inflammasome research.

scholarly journals Proenkephalin+regulatory T cells expanded by ultraviolet B exposure maintain skin homeostasis with a healing function

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (34) ◽  
pp. 20696-20705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Shime ◽  
Mizuyu Odanaka ◽  
Makoto Tsuiji ◽  
Takuma Matoba ◽  
Masaki Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
Uvb Exposure

Regulatory T (Treg) cells, expressing CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor α chain) and Foxp3 transcription factor, maintain immunological self-tolerance and suppress various immune responses. Here we report a feature of skin Treg cells expanded by ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure. We found that skin Treg cells possessing a healing function are expanded by UVB exposure with the expression of an endogenous opioid precursor, proenkephalin (PENK). Upon UVB exposure, skin Treg cells were expanded with a unique TCR repertoire. Also, they highly expressed a distinctive set of genes enriched in “wound healing involved in inflammatory responses” and the “neuropeptide signaling pathway,” as indicated by the high expression ofPenk.We found that not only was PENK expression at the protein level detected in the UVB-expanded skin Treg (UVB-skin Treg) cells, but that a PENK-derived neuropeptide, methionine enkephalin (Met-ENK), from Treg cells promoted the outgrowth of epidermal keratinocytes in an ex vivo skin explant assay. Notably, UVB-skin Treg cells also promoted wound healing in an in vivo wound closure assay. In addition, UVB-skin Treg cells produced amphiregulin (AREG), which plays a key role in Treg-mediated tissue repair. Identification of a unique function of PENK+UVB-skin Treg cells provides a mechanism for maintaining skin homeostasis.

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