scholarly journals Releasing small ejaculates slowly increases per‐gamete fertilization success in an external fertilizer: Galeolaria caespitosa (Polychaeta: Serpulidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Olito ◽  
Dustin J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Fertilization Success

The relation between ovarian reserve and In-vitro fertilization success

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Purohit ◽  
◽  
Mike Savvas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

scholarly journals Longer and faster sperm exhibit better fertilization success in Japanese quail

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 100980
Author(s):  
Mei Matsuzaki ◽  
Noritaka Hirohashi ◽  
Masaoki Tsudzuki ◽  
Mohammad Ibrahim Haqani ◽  
Teruo Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Fertilization Success

scholarly journals Potential Use of the Benthic Foraminifers Bulimina denudata and Eggerelloides advenus in Marine Sediment Toxicity Testing

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 775
Author(s):  
Mary McGann
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Sediment Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Sediment Chemistry ◽  
Benthic Foraminifers ◽  
Sediment Toxicity Tests ◽  
Unionized Ammonia

The benthic foraminifers Bulimina denudata and Eggerelloides advenus are commonly abundant in offshore regions in the Pacific Ocean, especially in waste-discharge sites. The relationship between their abundance and standard macrofaunal sediment toxicity tests (amphipod survival and sea urchin fertilization) as well as sediment chemistry analyte measurements were determined for sediments collected in 1997 in Santa Monica Bay, California, USA, an area impacted by historical sewage input from the Hyperion Outfall primarily since the late 1950s. Very few surface samples proved to be contaminated based on either toxicity or chemistry tests and the abundance of B. denudata did not correlate with any of these. The abundance of E. advenus also did not correlate with toxicity, but positively correlated with total solids and negatively correlated with arsenic, beryllium, chromium, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc, iron, and TOC. In contrast, several downcore samples proved to be contaminated as indicated by both toxicity and chemistry data. The abundance of B.denudata positively correlated with amphipod survival and negatively correlated with arsenic, cadmium, unionized ammonia, and TOC; E. advenus negatively correlated with sea urchin fertilization success as well as beryllium, cadmium, and total PCBs. As B. denudata and E. advenus are tolerant of polluted sediments and their relative abundances appear to track those of macrofaunal toxicity tests, their use as cost- and time-effective marine sediment toxicity tests may have validity and should be further investigated.

Fertilization dynamics of sperm from different male mating tactics in bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 1638-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht I Schulte-Hostedde ◽  
Gary Burness
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Competition ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Mating Tactics ◽  
Sperm Activation ◽  
Competition Theory ◽  
Sperm Density ◽  
Over Time

Sperm competition results in the evolution of ejaculate characteristics such as high sperm density, high motility, and fast sperm swimming speed. A fundamental assumption of sperm competition theory is that ejaculates with high motility and fast-swimming sperm have an advantage with respect to fertilization success. We tested this assumption by studying the fertilization dynamics of alternative mating tactics (cuckolders and parentals) of male bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, 1819). Sneakers (cuckolders) have faster swimming sperm and a higher proportion of motile sperm immediately following sperm activation than do parentals; however, these variables decline more quickly over time in sneaker sperm than in the sperm of parental males. We used a controlled fertilization experiment to test the prediction that parental males will have higher fertilization success than sneakers late in the sperm activation cycle because of the reduced rate of decline in ejaculate quality over time. We found that as the time from sperm activation increases parental sperm fertilizes more eggs than the sperm of sneakers. Our results support the idea that fertilization success is higher when ejaculates contain a higher proportion of either motile sperm or faster swimming sperm, all else being equal. In addition, after controlling for time from sperm activation, we found a significant bias in fertilization success toward parental males, suggesting that cryptic female choice might play a role in fertilization dynamics.

scholarly journals Male Investments in High Quality Sperm Improve Fertilization Success, but May Have Negative Impact on Offspring Fitness in Whitefish

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e0137005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jukka Kekäläinen ◽  
Carles Soler ◽  
Sami Veentaus ◽  
Hannu Huuskonen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Offspring Fitness

Post-Copulatory Sexual Selection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L.R. Brennan ◽  
Dara N. Orbach
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Sperm Competition ◽  
Female Choice ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Cryptic Female Choice ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Morphological Criteria

The field of post-copulatory sexual selection investigates how female and male adaptations have evolved to influence the fertilization of eggs while optimizing fitness during and after copulation, when females mate with multiple males. When females are polyandrous (one female mates with multiple males), they may optimize their mating rate and control the outcome of mating interactions to acquire direct and indirect benefits. Polyandry may also favor the evolution of male traits that offer an advantage in post-copulatory male-male sperm competition. Sperm competition occurs when the sperm, seminal fluid, and/or genitalia of one male directly impacts the outcome of fertilization success of a rival male. When a female mates with multiple males, she may use information from a number of traits to choose who will sire her offspring. This cryptic female choice (CFC) to bias paternity can be based on behavioral, physiological, and morphological criteria (e.g., copulatory courtship, volume and/or composition of seminal fluid, shape of grasping appendages). Because male fitness interests are rarely perfectly aligned with female fitness interests, sexual conflict over mating and fertilization commonly occur during copulatory and post-copulatory interactions. Post-copulatory interactions inherently involve close associations between female and male reproductive characteristics, which in many species potentially include sperm storage and sperm movement inside the female reproductive tract, and highlight the intricate coevolution between the sexes. This coevolution is also common in genital morphology. The great diversity of genitalia among species is attributed to sexual selection. The evolution of genital attributes that allow females to maintain reproductive autonomy over paternity via cryptic female choice or that prevent male manipulation and sexual control via sexually antagonistic coevolution have been well documented. Additionally, cases where genitalia evolve through intrasexual competition are well known. Another important area of study in post-copulatory sexual selection is the examination of trade-offs between investments in pre-copulatory and post-copulatory traits, since organisms have limited energetic resources to allocate to reproduction, and securing both mating and fertilization is essential for reproductive success.

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