scholarly journals Control of parental investment changes plastically over time with residual reproductive value

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takata ◽  
H. Doi ◽  
C. E. Thomas ◽  
S. Koyama
Keyword(s):  
Parental Investment ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Residual Reproductive Value ◽  
Over Time

Residual reproductive value and parental investment

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria C. Biermann ◽  
Raleigh J. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Parental Investment ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Residual Reproductive Value

scholarly journals Parental Investment in Children with Chronic Disease: The Effect of Child's and Mother's Age

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 147470490700500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigal Tifferet ◽  
Orly Manor ◽  
Shlomi Constantini ◽  
Orna Friedman ◽  
Yoel Elizur
Keyword(s):  
Parental Investment ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Investment In Children ◽  
Maternal Age Effect ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
Mother’S Age ◽  
The Impact

Parents do not invest their resources in their children equally. Three factors which elicit differential parental investment are the parent's reproductive value, the child's reproductive value (RV), and the impact of the investment on the child (II). As the child matures, his RV increases while the II may decrease. This raises a question regarding the favored strategy of investment by child age. It was hypothesized that different categories of parental investment generate different age-based strategies. Emotional investment, such as maternal worrying for the child's health, was hypothesized to increase with the child's age, while direct care was hypothesized to decrease with the child's age. Both categories were hypothesized to increase with the mother's age at childbirth. 137 Israeli mothers of children with chronic neurological conditions reported levels of worrying for their child and levels of change in direct care. Maternal worrying about the child's health was positively associated with the child's age at diagnosis and the severity of his illness, and negatively associated with the time from diagnosis. An increase in direct care was positively associated with maternal age at childbirth and illness severity, and negatively associated with the time from diagnosis, and the duration of the marriage. Contrary to the hypothesis, the child's age had no effect on changes in direct care. It appears that in mothers of children with adverse neurological conditions, child and maternal age effect parental investment differently. While the child's age is related to maternal worrying about his health, the mother's age at childbirth is related to changes in direct care.

scholarly journals Flirting with danger: predation risk interacts with male condition to influence sexual display

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265-1272
Author(s):  
Pedro Z de Moraes ◽  
Pedro Diniz ◽  
Esteban Fernandez-Juricic ◽  
Regina H Macedo
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Predation Risk ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Male Response ◽  
Residual Reproductive Value ◽  
Display Behavior ◽  
Sexual Display ◽  
Male Condition ◽  
Risk Of Predation

AbstractSexual signaling coevolves with the sensory systems of intended receivers; however, predators may be unintended receivers of sexual signals. Conspicuous aerial displays in some species may place males at high risk of predation from eavesdropping predators. There are three different hypotheses to explain how signaling males can deal with increased predation risk: (1) males invest in survival by decreasing signal conspicuousness; (2) males invest in reproduction by increasing signal conspicuousness; and (3) male response is condition-dependent according to his residual reproductive value. Here, we used blue-black grassquits (Volatinia jacarina) to test these hypotheses, asking whether males modify leap displays under different levels of predation risk. Grassquit males develop an iridescent nuptial plumage and spend considerable time emitting a multimodal signal: while leaping from a perch, males clap their wings above their heads and emit a high-pitched short song. We exposed males to predator and nonpredator playbacks while video recording their displays. We found interactions between predation risk and 2 male condition variables (ectoparasite infestation and proportion of nuptial plumage coverage) that influenced display behavior. Less parasitized males and those with higher proportion of nuptial plumage showed no change in display behavior, while more parasitized males and those with lower proportion of nuptial plumage increased the vigor of displays under predation risk. In other words, males with low residual reproductive value increased reproductive effort when there was a high risk of extrinsic death. Our study provides some empirical support for the terminal investment hypothesis.

scholarly journals Parental investment and adult children’s fertility intentions in Germany

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti O Tanskanen ◽  
Mirkka Danielsbacka
Keyword(s):  
Adult Children ◽  
Parental Investment ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Fertility Intentions ◽  
Adult Daughters ◽  
Adult Sons ◽  
Contact Frequency ◽  
Effect Regression ◽  
Over Time

Several studies have investigated the association between parental investment and childbearing decisions of adult children. However, studies testing whether changes in parental investment are associated with subsequent changes in fertility intentions over time are lacking. We investigated whether parental investment, measured as contact frequency, emotional closeness, financial support, and childcare, is associated with adult children’s intentions to have a first and a second, or subsequent, child. These associations were studied in four different parent-adult child dyads based on the sex of parents and adult children. We used eight waves from the longitudinal German Family Panel (pairfam) and exploited both between-person and within-person (or fixed-effect) regression models. Between-person associations represent the results across individuals and within-person associations represent an individual’s variation over time (i.e., whether changes in parental investment frequencies are associated with subsequent changes in adult children’s fertility intentions). We found that statistically nonsignificant associations outweighed significant ones. Significant associations were also more often present in the between-person than within-person models. Two of the three significant within-person effects were negative, meaning that when parental investment increased, adult children’s intentions to have a/another child decreased. In between-person models, the parental investment was associated with the childbearing intentions of adult sons rather than those of adult daughters. The present findings indicate that parental investment may not increase adult children’s intentions to have a/another child in Germany.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document