scholarly journals Evolved variation in cold tolerance among populations of Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kleynhans ◽  
K. A. Mitchell ◽  
D. E. Conlong ◽  
J. S. Terblanche
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Eldana Saccharina ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

A new species of Tachinidae (Diptera) parasitic on the sugarcane borer Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in Natal, South Africa

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Barraclough
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Eldana Saccharina ◽  
Cyperus Papyrus ◽  
Sugarcane Borer ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
A New Species

AbstractSchembria eldana, a new species of goniine Tachinidae, is described (both sexes) from north-eastern Natal, South Africa, where it is parasitic on larvae of the sugarcane borer, Eldana saccharina Walker, in Cyperus papyrus umbels. The genus Schembria Rondani was previously known only from two females of S. meridionalis Rondani from Malta and Israel.

Population dynamics of the sugarcane borer, Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in Natal, South Africa

1989 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Atkinson ◽  
A. J. M. Carnegie
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Eldana Saccharina ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Climatic Indices ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

AbstractInfestations of the sugarcane pest Eldana saccharina Walker have been consistently serious in one part of the cane-growing belt of Natal, South Africa. Mortality in this region over seven years was estimated from moth catches in light traps, checked against population change measured from extensive larval counts, and plotted against climatic indices. The object was to construct a predictive model to illustrate mortality in other regions of the cane belt, to which infestations have spread in recent years. The spread southwards along the coast did not seem to have resulted from a decrease in natural mortality, but the spread to higher altitudes appeared to be due to lower mortality associated with warmer and drier years. The phenology of the insect and the effect of the annual harvesting cycle on phenology are discussed.

scholarly journals Anti-insect potential of a lectin from the tuber, Dioscorea mangenotiana towards Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alabi AKINYOOLA Kehinde ◽  
Olayemi ODEKANYIN Oludele ◽  
KUKU Adenike ◽  
Babatunde SOSAN Mosudi
Keyword(s):  
Eldana Saccharina ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Effect of the stem borer Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on the yield of maize

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Bosque-Pérez ◽  
J. H. Mareck
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Eldana Saccharina ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

AbstractField experiments were conducted in the dry season of 1985–86 and the first and second rainy seasons of 1986 at Ibadan, Nigeria, to assess the level of damage and yield reductions caused by Eldana saccharina Walker to maize. Grain weight per plant in artificially infested plots was up to 36% lower than grain weight per plant in insecticide-protected plots. Artificially infested plots had significantly lower 100-grain weight than insecticide-protected ones. The regression coefficient obtained from covariance analysis revealed that 100-grain weight decreased by 0.125 g for each unit increase in the percentage of the stem tunnelled. Infestations of E. saccharina were found to increase significantly the incidence and severity of stalk rots.

Associations between host-plant nitrogen and infestations of the sugarcane borer, Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Atkinson ◽  
K. J. Nuss
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Eldana Saccharina ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Cane Weight ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Plant Trials

AbstractInfestations of Eldana saccharina Walker in South Africa are higher in intensively-grown than in peasant-grown sugarcane, and are worse in water-stressed plants. Although field trials showed negligible increases in the incidence of the pest with applied nitrogen, the degree in which the degree of water stress could not be controlled. Pot-plant trials, in which the degree of water stress was controlled as well as the amount of fertilizer, showed that the combination of nitrogen with stress resulted in increased survival of larvae and greatly increased biomass with shortened development times. Adults did not appear to choose stressed or fertilized plants in preference to normal or unfertilized ones. In every case, whether in the field or in insectary trials, increased infestation levels were associated with increased stalk total nitrogen. Amino acid determinations showed that the balance of individual acids did not appear to alter but that the balance of individual acids did not appear to alter but that glyphosate ripener had a similar effect to water stress, increasing all amino acids together. Infestations in older cane were disproportionately higher than in younger cane, weight for weight, despite reduced levels of stalk nitrogen. This anomaly may be due to the presence of phenolic compounds in younger cane, or in cane tops. Levels of nitrogen are much higher in the feeding sites of the insect in natural host-plants than in cane stalks, and the fecundity of feral moths natural hosts appeared to be higher than that of moths from sugarcane. The insect appears to have invaded sugarcane when stalk nitrogen levels reached sufficiently high levels for its survival as a result of intensive cultivation.

Within-field damage and distribution patterns of the stalk borer, Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in sugarcane and a comparison with nematode damage

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Berry ◽  
G.W. Leslie ◽  
V.W. Spaull ◽  
P. Cadet
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Eldana Saccharina ◽  
Crop Loss ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Plant Crop

AbstractThe occurrence of Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was monitored in grids represented by plots in 12 nematicide trials in South African sugarcane fields. The trials encompassed a total of eight plant cane crops and 22 ratoon crops and were situated within commercial cane fields. Several measurements were made to characterize the damage caused by E. saccharina. These included the number of internodes per stalk, the percentage of internodes damaged and the percentage of stalks damaged. The mapping of E. saccharina infestation in plant crops of sugarcane showed that the borders of the trials were as infested as the centre, indicating invasion from outside the field plus internal spread within the field. Ratoon crops were less infested than plant crops. This could be explained by a shorter ratoon crop cycle and by the fields having areas that were more suitable for the borer than elsewhere. The location of these preferred areas could be predicted from one ratoon crop to the next but was not related to the distribution of the borer in the plant crop. This situation was thought to explain the apparent stabilization of E. saccharina infestation in ratoon cane. Because the borer was found at harvest only in stalks with more than 14 to 16 internodes, it appeared that the oldest shoots, or the shoots with the greatest growth potential, attracted the insect, possibly due to their higher nitrogen content, which would stimulate growth. All the trials were on sandy soil, and crop loss from nematodes was greater than that caused by E. saccharina.

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