scholarly journals Heritability of gonad size varies across season in a wild songbird

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2739-2745 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Schaper ◽  
P. Gienapp ◽  
A. Dawson ◽  
M. E. Visser
Keyword(s):  
Gonad Size

The Benefits of Biotreatment for Reducing the Effects of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents on Fish Reproduction in Laboratory Tests

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Martel ◽  
Tibor Kovacs ◽  
Virginie Bérubé
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Fish Reproduction ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents ◽  
Gonad Size

Abstract Pulp and paper mill effluents have been reported to cause changes in reproductive indicators of fish in laboratory and field studies. These changes include reduced egg production and gonad size, and altered hormone levels and expression of secondary sex characteristics. We examined the performance of biotreatment plants for their potential in abating effects of pulp and paper mill effluents on fish reproduction under laboratory conditions. A bleached kraft mill effluent (BKME) treated in an aerated lagoon and a thermomechanical pulp mill effluent (TMPE) treated by aerobic sludge in a sequential batch reactor were selected for study. Mature fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to effluents before and after biotreatment under continuous renewal conditions for 21 days. Egg production was monitored daily, while morphometric parameters (length, weight, gonad size), secondary sexual characteristics, and steroid hormone and vitellogenin levels were measured at the end of the effluent exposure. The effluent from both mills before biotreatment impaired the reproductive capacity of minnows (egg production) at concentrations of 10 and 20% vol/vol, but not at 2% vol/vol. Exposure to biotreated effluents from both mills at concentrations of 2, 10, 20, and 40% vol/vol caused no significant differences in overall reproductive capacity of minnows as compared with controls. These results indicate that biotreatment can significantly improve the quality of a BKME and an effluent from a TMP mill with respect to the reproductive capacity of fish as determined in laboratory tests.

scholarly journals Sex Hormones, Gonad Size, and Metabolic Profile in Adolescent Girls Born Small for Gestational Age with Catch-up Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indre Petraitiene ◽  
Margarita Valuniene ◽  
Kristina Jariene ◽  
Audrone Seibokaite ◽  
Kerstin Albertsson-Wikland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Gonad Size ◽  
Catch Up

Sexual cycles of pigeons in arid and semiarid Australia

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
HJ Frith ◽  
SM Carpenter ◽  
LW Braithwaite
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Gonad Size ◽  
The Common ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
North Western ◽  
Arid And Semiarid

The gonad cycles of the crested pigeon Ocyphaps lophotes and the common bronzewing Phaps chalcoptera in inland New South Wales, and the plumed pigeon Geophaps plumifera and the red- plumed pigeon G. ferruginea in central and north-western Australia, have been studied. In each species some males were producing abundant sperm and some females had enlarged ovarian follicles in each month of the year. There was a tendency for fewer birds to be at the maximum stage of spermatogenesis in autumn and winter than in other seasons. The size of the testis was not indicative of its spermatogenic state. There were annual cycles of gonad size in each species; the maxima were the spring and summer. The timing of the cycles did not differ in the two plumed pigeons but in both species the maxima were earlier than in the other species. Male common bronze-wings achieved maximum gonad size earlier than did male crested pigeons. In addition to the annual cycle there were significant biannual effects in males. Except for the male and female of the red-plumed pigeon, in which they may have had some biological significance, these biannual effects were probably only included to improve the accuracy of the curve fitting. There were significant effects of rainfall on the gonad cycle of all species except the common bronzewing; these were consistent with the expected effect of rainfall on the birds' food supply and nutrition. It was concluded that, although the gonad cycles were controlled mainly by changes in photo-period, the abundance of food and the effects of rainfall on it were important in modifying the cycle.

Does annual variation in growth and sexual maturation of white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) confound comparisons between pulp mill contaminated and reference rivers?

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1068-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dany Bussières ◽  
Marthe Monique Gagnon ◽  
Julian Dodson ◽  
Peter V Hodson
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Fish Populations ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Gonad Size ◽  
Kraft Mill Effluent ◽  
Pulp Mill Effluents ◽  
First Maturity ◽  
Size At Age

A previous study on the effect of pulp and paper effluents on white sucker (Catostomus commersoni), conducted in 1991 and 1992, in both effluent-exposed and reference rivers showed that fish grew faster at downstream sites than at upstream sites. However, in contrast with fish from a reference river, fish exposed to effluent showed no decrease in age or size at first maturity or increase in gonad size or fecundity in response to greater growth. The objective of the present study, conducted in 1993, was to test if differences in measures of growth and sexual maturation between fish populations in exposed and reference rivers would vary from year to year and whether such variation would affect conclusions concerning the effects of pulp mill effluents. Although size at age, fecundity, and age at first maturity varied between the two studies, patterns of demographic responses to pulp mill effluents, relative to reference populations, remained the same, i.e., conclusions about effects of pulp mill effluents did not change despite variation in demographic variables between years and sites. This study reaffirmed the view that only by including the fish populations in a reference river could effects due to bleached kraft mill effluent be separated from effects due to nutrient gradients.

scholarly journals Body Size Correlates with Fertilization Success but not Gonad Size in Grass Goby Territorial Males

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e46711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Martin Pujolar ◽  
Lisa Locatello ◽  
Lorenzo Zane ◽  
Carlotta Mazzoldi
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
Gonad Size ◽  
Grass Goby

Physiological Disturbances in Fish Living in Coastal Water Polluted with Bleached Kraft Pulp Mill Effluents

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1525-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy Andersson ◽  
Lars Förlin ◽  
Jan Härdig ◽  
Åke Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Discharge Point ◽  
Bleached Kraft Pulp ◽  
Perch Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Gonad Size ◽  
Pulp Mill Effluents ◽  
Bleached Kraft Mill Effluents ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

An extensive trial to examine physiological and biochemical changes in perch (Perca fluviatilis) inhabiting coastal waters polluted by bleached kraft mill effluents (BKME) has been carried out. The investigations were performed at four different times of year. Fish from a reference site and from sampling sites 2, 4.5, 8, and 10 km from the discharge point were examined. The results of the investigation show profound effects of BKME on several fundamental biochemical and physiological functions. Typical symptoms in perch from the polluted areas were reduced gonad growth, enlarged liver, and very strong induction of certain cytochrome P-450-dependent enzyme activities in the liver. Elevated levels of ascorbic acid in liver tissue and abnormal carbohydrate metabolism reflect the effluent's ability to cause metabolic disorders. Marked effects on the white blood cell pattern indicate a suppressed immune defence. Alterations in the red blood cell status and in the ion balance suggest that the demand for oxygen by certain tissues was increased and that gill function was impaired, respectively. The toxic effects were most pronounced in fish living up to 4.5 km from the discharge point, but some disturbances (e.g. cytochrome P-450 induction, reduced gonad size, and hematological alterations) were observed in fish caught as far as 8–10 km from the kraft bleach plant.

Effects of oil sands related aquatic reclamation on yellow perch (Perca flavescens). I. Water quality characteristics and yellow perch physiological and population responses

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1213-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R van den Heuvel ◽  
M Power ◽  
M D MacKinnon ◽  
T Van Meer ◽  
E P Dobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Liver Size ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
Gonad Size ◽  
Spawning Periodicity ◽  
Experimental Ponds

In order to test the viability of oil sands aquatic reclamation techniques, yellow perch (Perca flavescens) were stocked into three experimental ponds. Pond substrates consisted of either oil sands fine tailings or clay and lean oil sands deposited by the mining operations. Yellow perch were stocked immediately postspawning and subsamples were sacrificed at 5 and 11 months to measure indicators of energy storage and utilization. These indicators included survival, age, spawning periodicity, condition factor, gonad size, fecundity, and liver size. Indicators generally showed patterns consistent with improved energy storage and utilization in the experimental pond yellow perch as compared with yellow perch in the lake from which the stocked fish originated. This was evidenced by increased gonad size, condition factor, and liver size and the disappearance of spawning periodicity. The patterns observed in experimental ponds suggest improved resource availability and (or) reduced intra- and interspecific competition. Yellow perch physiological indicators were also compared with those measured at several remote natural lakes in the area. Fisheries parameters measured in yellow perch from the experimental ponds generally fell within the range of those found in natural lakes.

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