Complementary and alternative medicine: Pharmacovigilance in Malaysia and predictors of serious adverse reactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 946-958
Author(s):  
Sameerah Shaikh Abdul Rahman ◽  
Zoriah Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Medicine ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

scholarly journals Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Dysmenorrhea Caused by Endometriosis: A Review of Utilization and Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ying Guo ◽  
Fang-Yuan Liu ◽  
Ying Shen ◽  
Jia-Yue Xu ◽  
Liang-Zhen Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Medicine ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Secondary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Gynecological Disorder ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

Endometriosis (EM) is a common and benign estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder among women of reproductive age, and secondary dysmenorrhea is one of the more severe symptoms. However, the mechanism behind the development of dysmenorrhea is poorly understood, and there is a lack of effective methods for diagnosing and treating EM dysmenorrhea. In this regard, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has recently come into widespread use due to its limited adverse reactions and high efficiency. This review updates the progress of CAM in the treatment of EM dysmenorrhea and seeks to identify the therapeutic efficacy as well as the mechanisms behind these effects based on the available clinical and experimental studies. According to the literature, CAM therapy for EM dysmenorrhea, including herbs (herbal prescriptions, extracts, and patents), acupuncture, and Chinese herbal medicine enema (CHM enema), is effective for relieving dysmenorrhea with fewer unpleasant side effects when compared to hormonal and surgical treatments. In addition, we discuss and analyze the existing gaps in the literature. We hope to provide some instructive suggestions for clinical treatment and experimental research in the future.

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