scholarly journals Macrophage‐derived MMP‐9 enhances the progression of atherosclerotic lesions and vascular calcification in transgenic rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 4261-4274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajie Chen ◽  
Ahmed Bilal Waqar ◽  
Kazutoshi Nishijima ◽  
Bo Ning ◽  
Shuji Kitajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Calcification ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Transgenic Rabbits

scholarly journals Androgen-Induced Progression of Arterial Calcification in Apolipoprotein E-Null Mice Is Uncoupled from Plaque Growth and Lipid Levels

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. McRobb ◽  
D. J. Handelsman ◽  
A. K. Heather
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Vascular Calcification ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Innominate Artery ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Aortic Sinus ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Plaque Growth

Arterial calcification has prognostic significance for cardiovascular outcomes, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Calcification increases with age, but its prevalence in men suggests hormonal influence. In this study we analyzed the effect of exogenous androgens on calcification of advanced atherosclerotic lesions in the arterial tree of gonadally intact 34-wk-old male and female apolipoprotein E-null mice. Testosterone (T) increased calcification 3- to 4-fold (P < 0.05) in lesions of the innominate artery and aortic sinus. A nonaromatizable androgen, dihydrotestosterone, also increased lesion calcification in the innominate artery (2.4-fold, P < 0.05) but not the aortic sinus. The androgen-induced effects were independent of sex and occurred despite corresponding reductions in plaque area, the latter correlating inversely with increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Androgen-induced calcification in the innominate artery was observed with up-regulation of local androgen receptor (AR) expression in response to T and dihydrotestosterone for both males and females but neither androgen influenced innominate artery estrogen receptor (ER)-α or -β expression in either sex. Conversely, T-induced calcification in the aortic sinus was associated with down-regulation of ERα but not ERβ expression in both sexes, whereas androgen-induced AR expression was increased in female but decreased in male mice. This study demonstrates for the first time that calcification of advanced atherosclerotic lesions is an androgen-sensitive process and postulates potential roles for both AR- and ER-mediated pathways in androgen-induced vascular calcification. We demonstrate a novel direct link between vascular calcification and the major male hormone, T, uncoupled from conventional relationships with plaque growth and lipid levels. Calcification of advanced atherosclerotic lesions is an androgen-sensitive process whereby testosterone uncouples conventional relationships between plaque growth and lipid levels.

scholarly journals Lipoprotein(a) Enhances Advanced Atherosclerosis and Vascular Calcification in WHHL Transgenic Rabbits Expressing Human Apolipoprotein(a)

2002 ◽  
Vol 277 (49) ◽  
pp. 47486-47492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijun Sun ◽  
Hiroyuki Unoki ◽  
Xiaofei Wang ◽  
Jingyan Liang ◽  
Tomonaga Ichikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Calcification ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Human Apolipoprotein ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Transgenic Rabbits

scholarly journals Transgenic Rabbits Expressing Human Apolipoprotein(a) Develop More Extensive Atherosclerotic Lesions in Response to a Cholesterol-Rich Diet

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianglin Fan ◽  
Hiroaki Shimoyamada ◽  
Huijun Sun ◽  
Santica Marcovina ◽  
Kazuo Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Apolipoprotein ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Transgenic Rabbits

The Cellular Origin in Atheromatous Lesion

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
T. M. Murad ◽  
H. A. I. Newman ◽  
K. F. Kern
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cellular Origin ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Early Lesion

The origin of lipid containing cells in atheromatous lesion has been disputed. Geer in his study on atheromatous lesions of rabbit aorta, suggested that the early lesion is composed mainly of lipid-laden macrophages and the later lesion has a mixed population of macrophages and smooth muscle cells. Parker on the other hand, was able to show evidence that the rabbit lesion is primarily composed of lipid-laden cells of smooth muscle origin. The above studies and many others were done on an intact lesion without any attempt of cellular isolation previous to their ultrastructural studies. Cell isolation procedures have been established for atherosclerotic lesions through collagenase and elastase digestion Therefore this procedure can be utilized to identify the cells involved in rabbit atheroma.

En face dual fluorescence staining of fatty streaks allows observation of initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 864-865
Author(s):  
Anne M. Klinkner ◽  
Crystal R. Waites ◽  
Peter J. Bugelski ◽  
William D. Kerns
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Nile Red ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Methods Development ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
En Face ◽  
Biochemical Evaluation ◽  
Stock Solutions ◽  
Dual Staining

A primary effort in the understanding of the progression of atherosclerotic disease has been methods development for visualization of the atherosclerotic plaque. We introduce a new method for the qualitative analysis of lipids in atherosclerotic fatty streaks which also retains those lipids for biochemical evaluation. An original aspect of the process is the ability to view an entire fatty streak en face, selectively stained for specific lipid classes within the lesion.New Zealand white rabbits were fed a high cholesterol diet(0.15%-0.3% for 14 wks). The aorta was removed and fixed in Carson's phosphate buffered formaldehyde followed by dual staining in the fluorescent dyes Nile red and filipin. Stock solutions of nile red(0.5mg/ml acetone) and filipin(2.5mg/ml dimethyl formamide) were prepared and kept at -20°C; all subsequent steps were at RT. 0.5cm × 1.0cm pieces of aorta were trimmed and adventitia removed. The pieces were then washed 3×15 min in PBS w/o CaMg, soaked in Nile red(NR)/filipin(Fl) stain(100(il NR stock + 200μl Fl stock in 10 ml PBS for 30 min, washed in PBS 3×30 min, rinsed with distilled water, mounted(Crystal Mount, Biomedia) and coverslipped and viewed by fluorescence microscopy.

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