scholarly journals Multiple late‐Pleistocene colonisation events of the Antarctic pearlwort Colobanthus quitensis (Caryophyllaceae) reveal the recent arrival of native Antarctic vascular flora

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1663-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth M. Biersma ◽  
Cristian Torres‐Díaz ◽  
Marco A. Molina‐Montenegro ◽  
Kevin. K. Newsham ◽  
Marcela A. Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Vascular Flora ◽  
Colobanthus Quitensis ◽  
Recent Arrival ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals Sea-ice, primary productivity and ocean temperatures at the Antarctic marginal zone during late Pleistocene

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 107069
Author(s):  
Julian D. Hartman ◽  
F. Sangiorgi ◽  
M.A. Barcena ◽  
F. Tateo ◽  
F. Giglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals Asymmetric responses to simulated global warming by populations of Colobanthus quitensis along a latitudinal gradient

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian S. Acuña-Rodríguez ◽  
Cristian Torres-Díaz ◽  
Rasme Hereme ◽  
Marco A. Molina-Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Colobanthus Quitensis ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Foliar Traits ◽  
The Antarctic

The increase in temperature as consequence of the recent global warming has been reported to generate new ice-free areas in the Antarctic continent, facilitating the colonization and spread of plant populations. Consequently, Antarctic vascular plants have been observed extending their southern distribution. But as the environmental conditions toward southern localities become progressively more departed from the species’ physiological optimum, the ecophysiological responses and survival to the expected global warming could be reduced. However, if processes of local adaptation are the main cause of the observed southern expansion, those populations could appear constrained to respond positively to the expected global warming. Using individuals from the southern tip of South America, the South Shetland Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula, we assess with a long term experiment (three years) under controlled conditions if the responsiveness of Colobanthus quitensis populations to the expected global warming, is related with their different foliar traits and photoprotective mechanisms along the latitudinal gradient. In addition, we tested if the release of the stress condition by the global warming in these cold environments increases the ecophysiological performance. For this, we describe the latitudinal pattern of net photosynthetic capacity, biomass accumulation, and number of flowers under current and future temperatures respective to each site of origin after three growing seasons. Overall, was found a clinal trend was found in the foliar traits and photoprotective mechanisms in the evaluated C. quitensis populations. On the other hand, an asymmetric response to warming was observed for southern populations in all ecophysiological traits evaluated, suggesting that low temperature is limiting the performance of C. quitensis populations. Our results suggest that under a global warming scenario, plant populations that inhabiting cold zones at high latitudes could increase in their ecophysiological performance, enhancing the size of populations or their spread.

Symmetry of Late Pleistocene glacial cycles in records of the Antarctic Vostok and Dome C stations

2006 ◽  
Vol 407 (1) ◽  
pp. 326-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Vakulenko ◽  
V. M. Kotlyakov ◽  
A. S. Monin ◽  
D. M. Sonechkin
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Glacial Cycles ◽  
The Antarctic

Abrupt Climatic Changes: The Antarctic Ice Record during the Late Pleistocene

1987 ◽  
pp. 235-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Jouzel ◽  
Claude Lorius ◽  
Liliane Merlivat ◽  
Jean-Robert Petit
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals Decomposition of Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Colobanthus quitensis under CO2 Limiting Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1307
Author(s):  
Olman Gómez-Espinoza ◽  
Daniel González-Ramírez ◽  
Panagiota Bresta ◽  
George Karabourniotis ◽  
León A. Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Electron Transport Rate ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Oxalate Oxidase ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Colobanthus Quitensis ◽  
Diffusion Limitations ◽  
Co2 Diffusion ◽  
The Antarctic

Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals are widespread among plant species. Their functions are not yet completely understood; however, they can provide tolerance against multiple environmental stress factors. Recent evidence suggested that CaOx crystals function as carbon reservoirs since its decomposition provides CO2 that may be used as carbon source for photosynthesis. This might be advantageous in plants with reduced mesophyll conductance, such as the Antarctic plant Colobanthus quitensis, which have shown CO2 diffusion limitations. In this study, we evaluate the effect of two CO2 concentrations in the CaOx crystals decomposition and chlorophyll fluorescence of C. quitensis. Plants were exposed to airflows with 400 ppm and 11.5 ppm CO2 and the number and relative size of crystals, electron transport rate (ETR), and oxalate oxidase (OxO) activity were monitored along time (10 h). Here we showed that leaf crystal area decreases over time in plants with 11.5 ppm CO2, which was accompanied by increased OxO activity and only a slight decrease in the ETR. These results suggested a relation between CO2 limiting conditions and the CaOx crystals decomposition in C. quitensis. Hence, crystal decomposition could be a complementary endogenous mechanism for CO2 supply in plants facing the Antarctic stressful habitat.

Leishmanicidal and antitumoral activities of endophytic fungi associated with the Antarctic angiosperms Deschampsia antarctica Desv. and Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) Bartl.

Extremophiles ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iara F. Santiago ◽  
Tânia M. A. Alves ◽  
Ana Rabello ◽  
Policarpo A. Sales Junior ◽  
Alvaro J. Romanha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Deschampsia Antarctica ◽  
Colobanthus Quitensis ◽  
The Antarctic
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