scholarly journals Differentiation in the marbled white butterfly species complex driven by multiple evolutionary forces

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Christian Habel ◽  
Roger Vila ◽  
Raluca Vodă ◽  
Martin Husemann ◽  
Thomas Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Evolutionary Forces

scholarly journals Kinome Expansion in theFusarium oxysporumSpecies Complex Driven by Accessory Chromosomes

mSphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. DeIulio ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Jonathan M. Goldberg ◽  
H. Corby Kistler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
Environmental Signal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen

ABSTRACTTheFusarium oxysporumspecies complex (FOSC) is a group of soilborne pathogens causing severe disease in more than 100 plant hosts, while individual strains exhibit strong host specificity. Both chromosome transfer and comparative genomics experiments have demonstrated that lineage-specific (LS) chromosomes contribute to the host-specific pathogenicity. However, little is known about the functional importance of genes encoded in these LS chromosomes. Focusing on signaling transduction, this study compared the kinomes of 12F. oxysporumisolates, including both plant and human pathogens and 1 nonpathogenic biocontrol strain, with 7 additional publicly available ascomycete genomes. Overall,F. oxysporumkinomes are the largest, facilitated in part by the acquisitions of the LS chromosomes. The comparative study identified 99 kinases that are present in almost all examined fungal genomes, forming the core signaling network of ascomycete fungi. Compared to the conserved ascomycete kinome, the expansion of theF. oxysporumkinome occurs in several kinase families such as histidine kinases that are involved in environmental signal sensing and target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase that mediates cellular responses. Comparative kinome analysis suggests a convergent evolution that shapes individualF. oxysporumisolates with an enhanced and unique capacity for environmental perception and associated downstream responses.IMPORTANCEIsolates ofFusarium oxysporumare adapted to survive a wide range of host and nonhost conditions. In addition,F. oxysporumwas recently recognized as the top emerging opportunistic fungal pathogen infecting immunocompromised humans. The sensory and response networks of these fungi undoubtedly play a fundamental role in establishing the adaptability of this group. We have examined the kinomes of 12F. oxysporumisolates and highlighted kinase families that distinguishF. oxysporumfrom other fungi, as well as different isolates from one another. The amplification of kinases involved in environmental signal relay and regulating downstream cellular responses clearly setsFusariumapart from otherAscomycetes. Although the functions of many of these kinases are still unclear, their specific proliferation highlights them as a result of the evolutionary forces that have shaped this species complex and clearly marks them as targets for exploitation in order to combat disease.

scholarly journals Reproductive isolation and patterns of genetic differentiation in a cryptic butterfly species complex

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2095-2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dincă ◽  
C. Wiklund ◽  
V. A. Lukhtanov ◽  
U. Kodandaramaiah ◽  
K. Norén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Butterfly Species

Apaturinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from the Korean Peninsula: Synonymic Lists and Keys to Tribes, Genera and Species

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2169 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
YOUNG JUNE LEE
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Sasakia Charonda

This paper provides keys to tribes, genera and species and synonymic lists for the 12 butterfly species belonging to eight genera of Apaturinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) from the Korean Peninsula: Apatura ilia (Denis and Schiffermüller), Apatura metis Freyer, Apatura iris (Linnaeus), Hestina japonica (Felder and Felder), Hestina assimilis (Linnaeus), Sasakia charonda (Hewitson), Mimathyma schrenckii (Ménétriès), Mimathyma nycteis (Ménétriès), Sephisa princeps (Fixsen), Chitoria ulupi (Doherty), Dilipa fenestra (Leech) and Dichorragia nesimachus (Doyère). Species accounts include brief summaries of each taxon’s biology, taxonomy and life history. The distributional ranges of the Hestina persimilis species complex are discussed and illustrated.

Admixture and the organization of genetic diversity in a butterfly species complex revealed through common and rare genetic variants

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
pp. 4555-4573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah Gompert ◽  
Lauren K. Lucas ◽  
C. Alex Buerkle ◽  
Matthew L. Forister ◽  
James A. Fordyce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Rare Genetic Variants

scholarly journals Kinome expansion in theFusarium oxysporumspecies complex driven by accessary chromosomes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. DeIulio ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Jonathan Goldberg ◽  
H. Corby Kistler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
Environmental Signal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tor Kinase ◽  
Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACTTheFusarium oxysporumspecies complex (FOSC) is a group of soil-borne pathogens causing severe disease in over one hundred plant hosts, while individual strains exhibit strong host specificity. Both chromosome transfer and comparative genomics experiments have demonstrated that lineage-specific (LS) chromosomes contribute to the host specific pathogenicity. However, little is known about the functional importance of genes encoded in these LS chromosomes. Focusing on signaling transduction, this study compared kinomes of 12F. oxysporumisolates, including both plant and human pathogens and one non-pathogenic biocontrol strain, with seven additional publicly available ascomycete genomes. Overall,F. oxysporumkinomes are the largest, facilitated in part by the acquisitions of the LS chromosomes. The comparative study identified 99 kinases that are present in almost all examined fungal genomes, forming the core signaling network of ascomycete fungi. Compared to the conserved ascomycete kinome, the expansion of theF. oxysporumkinome occurs in several kinases families such as Histidine kinases that are involved in environmental signal sensing and TOR kinase that mediates cellular responses. Comparative kinome analysis suggests a convergent evolution that shapes individualF. oxysporumisolates with an enhanced and unique capacity for environmental perception and associated downstream responses.IMPORTANCEIsolates ofF. oxysporumare adapted to survive a wide range of host and non-host conditions. In addition,F. oxysporumwas recently recognized as the top emerging opportunistic fungal pathogen infecting immunocompromised humans. The sensory and response networks of these fungi undoubtedly play a fundamental role in establishing the adaptability of this group. We have examined the kinomes of 12F. oxysporumisolates and highlighted kinase families that distinguishF. oxysporumfrom other fungi, as well as different isolates from one another. The amplification of kinases involved in environmental signal relay and regulating downstream cellular responses clearly setsFusariumapart from other Ascomycetes. Though the function of many of these kinases is still unclear, their specific proliferation highlights them as a result of the evolutionary forces which have shaped this species complex, and clearly marks them as targets for exploitation in order to combat disease.

Identification of sibling species in the genus Eucyclops from water-bodies of Ukraine and Russia using crossbreeding studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Monchenko ◽  
L. P. Gaponova ◽  
V. R. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Baltic Sea Basin

Crossbreeding experiments were used to estimate cryptic species in water bodies of Ukraine and Russia because the most useful criterion in species independence is reproductive isolation. The problem of cryptic species in the genus Eucyclops was examined using interpopulation crosses of populations collected from Baltic Sea basin (pond of Strelka river basin) and Black Sea basin (water-reservoires of Dnieper, Dniester and Danube rivers basins). The results of reciprocal crosses in Eucyclops serrulatus-group are shown that E. serrulatus from different populations but from water bodies belonging to the same river basin crossed each others successfully. The interpopulation crosses of E. serrulatus populations collected from different river basins (Dnipro, Danube and Dniester river basins) were sterile. In this group of experiments we assigned evidence of sterility to four categories: 1) incomplete copulation or absence of copulation; 2) nonviable eggs; 3) absence of egg membranes or egg sacs 4) empty egg membranes. These crossbreeding studies suggest the presence of cryptic species in the E. serrulatus inhabiting ecologically different populations in many parts of its range. The same crossbreeding experiments were carries out between Eucyclops serrulatus and morphological similar species – Eucyclops macruroides from Baltic and Black Sea basins. The reciprocal crossings between these two species were sterile. Thus taxonomic heterogeneity among species of genus Eucyclops lower in E. macruroides than in E. serrulatus. The interpopulation crosses of E. macruroides populations collected from distant part of range were fertile. These crossbreeding studies suggest that E. macruroides species complex was evaluated as more stable than E. serrulatus species complex.

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