Pre-basic molt, feather quality, and modulation of the adrenocortical response to stress in two populations of rufous-collared sparrowsZonotrichia capensis

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. e01892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Echeverría ◽  
Cristián F. Estades ◽  
Esteban Botero-Delgadillo ◽  
John C. Wingfield ◽  
Paulina L. González-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Two Populations

THE ADRENOCORTICAL RESPONSE TO INSULIN-INDUCED HYPOGLYCAEMIA

1963 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. LANDON ◽  
V. WYNN ◽  
V. H. T. JAMES
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Endocrine Disease ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

SUMMARY The adrenocortical response to stress as shown by an increase of the plasma cortisol concentration during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia has been studied. The response was found to depend upon the degree and duration of the hypoglycaemia and upon the integrity of the entire hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Thus, there was no response in subjects in whom the blood sugar did not fall below 40 mg./100 ml., nor in patients with severe hypothalamic or pituitary disorders. The test was quick and simple to perform and did not require admission to hospital; it would seem to be of considerable value in the investigation of patients with suspected endocrine disease.

Adrenocortical response to stress in fasted and unfasted artificially reared 12-day-old rat pups

2004 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Ward ◽  
Hua Cheng Xing ◽  
Nancy Carnide ◽  
Jane Slivchak ◽  
Patricia Wainwright
Keyword(s):  
Rat Pups ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Response To Stress

scholarly journals Programming of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis by Very Preterm Birth

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn J.J. Finken ◽  
Bibian van der Voorn ◽  
Jonneke J. Hollanders ◽  
Charlotte A. Ruys ◽  
Marita de Waard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Relative Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Adrenal Hyperandrogenism ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Internalizing Problem ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity ◽  
Preterm Newborns

Background: Many very preterm (i.e., <32 weeks of gestation) newborns fail to mount an adequate adrenocortical response to stress or illness, termed relative adrenal insufficiency. Conversely, later in life these infants show features of increased glucocorticoid bioactivity, such as abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, raised blood pressure, shorter stature and internalizing problem behavior. Summary: Studies suggested that very preterm newborns have impairments along multiple levels of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Among the impairment were defects in: (1) the pituitary responsiveness to exogenous corticotropin-releasing hormone, (2) 11β-hydroxylase activity, and (3) the interconversion between cortisol and inert cortisone. There is some evidence suggesting that later in life these infants have an increased basal secretion rate of cortisol and adrenal hyperandrogenism. However, the response to acute (psychosocial) stress was blunted rather than enhanced in them. The mechanisms explaining this switch in HPA axis activity are complex and not yet fully understood. Key Messages: Very preterm newborns have several impairments along the HPA axis that could impede an adequate adrenocortical response to stress or illness. Later in life, these infants are predisposed to increased HPA axis activity, which could partially explain their phenotype.

Seasonal changes of the adrenocortical response to stress in birds of the Sonoran desert

1992 ◽  
Vol 264 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Wingfield ◽  
Carol M. Vleck ◽  
Michael C. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Response To Stress

scholarly journals Differential reproductive responses to stress reveal the role of life-history strategies within a species

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1771) ◽  
pp. 20132090 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schultner ◽  
A. S. Kitaysky ◽  
G. W. Gabrielsen ◽  
S. A. Hatch ◽  
C. Bech
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Investment In Reproduction ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Environmental Events ◽  
Two Populations

Life-history strategies describe that ‘slow’- in contrast to ‘fast’-living species allocate resources cautiously towards reproduction to enhance survival. Recent evidence suggests that variation in strategies exists not only among species but also among populations of the same species. Here, we examined the effect of experimentally induced stress on resource allocation of breeding seabirds in two populations with contrasting life-history strategies: slow-living Pacific and fast-living Atlantic black-legged kittiwakes. We tested the hypothesis that reproductive responses in kittiwakes under stress reflect their life-history strategies. We predicted that in response to stress, Pacific kittiwakes reduce investment in reproduction compared with Atlantic kittiwakes. We exposed chick-rearing kittiwakes to a short-term (3-day) period of increased exogenous corticosterone (CORT), a hormone that is released during food shortages. We examined changes in baseline CORT levels, parental care and effects on offspring. We found that kittiwakes from the two populations invested differently in offspring when facing stress. In response to elevated CORT, Pacific kittiwakes reduced nest attendance and deserted offspring more readily than Atlantic kittiwakes. We observed lower chick growth, a higher stress response in offspring and lower reproductive success in response to CORT implantation in Pacific kittiwakes, whereas the opposite occurred in the Atlantic. Our findings support the hypothesis that life-history strategies predict short-term responses of individuals to stress within a species. We conclude that behaviour and physiology under stress are consistent with trade-off priorities as predicted by life-history theory. We encourage future studies to consider the pivotal role of life-history strategies when interpreting inter-population differences of animal responses to stressful environmental events.

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