Adrenocortical response to stress in fasted and unfasted artificially reared 12-day-old rat pups

2004 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Ward ◽  
Hua Cheng Xing ◽  
Nancy Carnide ◽  
Jane Slivchak ◽  
Patricia Wainwright
Keyword(s):  
Rat Pups ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Response To Stress

THE ADRENOCORTICAL RESPONSE TO INSULIN-INDUCED HYPOGLYCAEMIA

1963 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. LANDON ◽  
V. WYNN ◽  
V. H. T. JAMES
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Endocrine Disease ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

SUMMARY The adrenocortical response to stress as shown by an increase of the plasma cortisol concentration during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia has been studied. The response was found to depend upon the degree and duration of the hypoglycaemia and upon the integrity of the entire hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Thus, there was no response in subjects in whom the blood sugar did not fall below 40 mg./100 ml., nor in patients with severe hypothalamic or pituitary disorders. The test was quick and simple to perform and did not require admission to hospital; it would seem to be of considerable value in the investigation of patients with suspected endocrine disease.

scholarly journals Programming of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis by Very Preterm Birth

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn J.J. Finken ◽  
Bibian van der Voorn ◽  
Jonneke J. Hollanders ◽  
Charlotte A. Ruys ◽  
Marita de Waard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Relative Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Adrenal Hyperandrogenism ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Internalizing Problem ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity ◽  
Preterm Newborns

Background: Many very preterm (i.e., <32 weeks of gestation) newborns fail to mount an adequate adrenocortical response to stress or illness, termed relative adrenal insufficiency. Conversely, later in life these infants show features of increased glucocorticoid bioactivity, such as abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, raised blood pressure, shorter stature and internalizing problem behavior. Summary: Studies suggested that very preterm newborns have impairments along multiple levels of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Among the impairment were defects in: (1) the pituitary responsiveness to exogenous corticotropin-releasing hormone, (2) 11β-hydroxylase activity, and (3) the interconversion between cortisol and inert cortisone. There is some evidence suggesting that later in life these infants have an increased basal secretion rate of cortisol and adrenal hyperandrogenism. However, the response to acute (psychosocial) stress was blunted rather than enhanced in them. The mechanisms explaining this switch in HPA axis activity are complex and not yet fully understood. Key Messages: Very preterm newborns have several impairments along the HPA axis that could impede an adequate adrenocortical response to stress or illness. Later in life, these infants are predisposed to increased HPA axis activity, which could partially explain their phenotype.

Seasonal changes of the adrenocortical response to stress in birds of the Sonoran desert

1992 ◽  
Vol 264 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Wingfield ◽  
Carol M. Vleck ◽  
Michael C. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Response To Stress

scholarly journals Are Nestlings the Cue for Reduction of the Adrenocortical Response to Stress in Male Yellow Warblers Breeding at High Latitude?

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-679
Author(s):  
C. Morgan Wilson ◽  
Rebecca L. Holberton
Keyword(s):  
High Latitude ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Hatching Date ◽  
Dendroica Petechia ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Corticosterone Secretion ◽  
Endogenous Clock ◽  
Yellow Warblers ◽  
Response To Stress

Abstract Abstract. Acute corticosterone secretion helps individuals survive perturbation, particularly when faced with unpredictable conditions. However, elevated corticosterone is often incompatible with reproduction. Male Yellow Warblers (Dendroica petechia) breeding at high latitude avoid this conflict by exhibiting a reduced adrenocortical response while provisioning nestlings. To determine if this reduction is cued by nestlings, in June 2000 we switched clutches between nest pairs to manipulate hatching date. We sampled males with early-hatching clutches for the adrenocortical response 24 hr after nestlings hatched, but 24 hr prior to the premanipulated (original) hatching date. Similarly, we sampled males with late-hatching clutches 24 hr after the original hatching date, but prior to nestlings hatching. Males with early-hatching clutches (n  =  6) showed no reduced adrenocortical response, while males with late-hatching clutches (n  =  6) appeared to show a reduced response even without nestlings, suggesting that nestlings do not cue the reduction. An endogenous clock, day-counting mechanism, or hormonal changes may be associated with the reduced adrenocortical response.

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