Keystone microbes affect the evolution and ecological coexistence of the community via species/strain specificity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuxiang Tang ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Suyi Zhang ◽  
Hui Qin ◽  
Yi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Specificity

scholarly journals Microscopic fungi sorption of chemical elements from multicomponent solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 488 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-428
Author(s):  
L. M. Pavlova ◽  
L. P. Shumilova ◽  
V. I. Radomskaya ◽  
A. P. Sorokin ◽  
V. V. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Multicomponent Solution ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Mineral Formation ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
Multicomponent Solutions

The data of micromycetes species and strain specificity in the process of toxic elements extracting from multicomponent solutions were obtained as results of modal experiments. The results also indicate the capability of biogenic mineral formation in organic strata.

scholarly journals From Binary Model Systems to the Human Microbiome: Factors That Drive Strain Specificity in Host-Symbiont Associations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daren R. Ginete ◽  
Heidi Goodrich-Blair
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Functional Categories ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
Binary Model ◽  
Microbial Symbionts ◽  
Antagonistic Interactions

Microbial symbionts are ubiquitous and can have significant impact on hosts. These impacts can vary in the sign (positive or negative) and degree depending on the identity of the interacting partners. Studies on host-symbiont associations indicate that subspecies (strain) genetic variation can influence interaction outcomes, making it necessary to go beyond species-level distinction to understand host-symbiont dynamics. In this review, we discuss examples of strain specificity found in host-symbiont associations, from binary model systems to the human microbiome. Although host and bacterial factors identified as mediators for specificity could be distinct at the molecular level, they generally fall into two broad functional categories: (1) those that contribute a required activity in support of the association and (2) those involved in antagonistic interactions with organisms outside of the association. We argue here based on current literature that factors from these two categories can work in concert to drive strain specificity and that this strain specificity must be considered to fully understand the molecular and ecological dynamics of host-symbiont associations, including the human microbiome.

scholarly journals Strain-Specific Genotyping of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis by Using Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms, Insertions, and Deletions

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (23) ◽  
pp. 7501-7508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth P. Briczinski ◽  
Joseph R. Loquasto ◽  
Rodolphe Barrangou ◽  
Edward G. Dudley ◽  
Anastasia M. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT Several probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis are widely supplemented into food products and dietary supplements due to their documented health benefits and ability to survive within the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and acidified dairy products. The strain specificity of these characteristics demands techniques with high discriminatory power to differentiate among strains. However, to date, molecular approaches, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR, have been ineffective at achieving strain separation due to the monomorphic nature of this subspecies. Previously, sequencing and comparison of two B. animalis subsp. lactis genomes (DSMZ 10140 and Bl-04) confirmed this high level of sequence similarity, identifying only 47 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and four insertions and/or deletions (INDELs) between them. In this study, we hypothesized that a sequence-based typing method targeting these loci would permit greater discrimination between strains than previously attempted methods. Sequencing 50 of these loci in 24 strains of B. animalis subsp. lactis revealed that a combination of nine SNPs/INDELs could be used to differentiate strains into 14 distinct genotypic groups. In addition, the presence of a nonsynonymous SNP within the gene encoding a putative glucose uptake protein was found to correlate with the ability of certain strains to transport glucose and to grow rapidly in a medium containing glucose as the sole carbon source. The method reported here can be used in clinical, regulatory, and commercial applications requiring identification of B. animalis subsp. lactis at the strain level.

Strain Specificity in Amoeba proteus

1973 ◽  
pp. 549-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
KWANG W. JEON ◽  
I. JOAN LORCH
Keyword(s):  
Amoeba Proteus ◽  
Strain Specificity

scholarly journals Exploring the Science behind Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in Infant Health

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chyn Boon Wong ◽  
Noriyuki Iwabuchi ◽  
Jin-zhong Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Infant Health ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve ◽  
Birth Complications ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Immune Balance ◽  
Health Related ◽  
High Risk Infants

Probiotics intervention has been proposed as a feasible preventative approach against adverse health-related complications in infants. Nevertheless, the umbrella concept of probiotics has led to a massive application of probiotics in a range of products for promoting infant health, for which the strain-specificity, safety and efficacy findings associated with a specific probiotics strain are not clearly defined. Bifidobacterium breve M-16V is a commonly used probiotic strain in infants. M-16V has been demonstrated to offer potential in protecting infants from developing the devastating necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and allergic diseases. This review comprehends the potential beneficial effects of M-16V on infant health particularly in the prevention and treatment of premature birth complications and immune-mediated disorders in infants. Mechanistic studies supporting the use of M-16V implicated that M-16V is capable of promoting early gut microbial colonisation and may be involved in the regulation of immune balance and inflammatory response to protect high-risk infants from NEC and allergies. Summarised information on M-16V has provided conceptual proof of the use of M-16V as a potential probiotics candidate aimed at promoting infant health, particularly in the vulnerable preterm population.

scholarly journals Structural and Functional Aspects of G-Quadruplex Aptamers Which Bind a Broad Range of Influenza A Viruses

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Anastasia A. Novoseltseva ◽  
Nikita M. Ivanov ◽  
Roman A. Novikov ◽  
Yaroslav V. Tkachev ◽  
Dmitry A. Bunin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Dna Aptamer ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
Influenza Hemagglutinin ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
G Quadruplex ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography

An aptamer is a synthetic oligonucleotide with a unique spatial structure that provides specific binding to a target. To date, several aptamers to hemagglutinin of the influenza A virus have been described, which vary in affinity and strain specificity. Among them, the DNA aptamer RHA0385 is able to recognize influenza hemagglutinins with highly variable sequences. In this paper, the structure of RHA0385 was studied by circular dichroism spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and size-exclusion chromatography, demonstrating the formation of a parallel G-quadruplex structure. Three derivatives of RHA0385 were designed in order to determine the contribution of the major loop to affinity. Shortening of the major loop from seven to three nucleotides led to stabilization of the scaffold. The affinities of the derivatives were studied by surface plasmon resonance and an enzyme-linked aptamer assay on recombinant hemagglutinins and viral particles, respectively. The alterations in the loop affected the binding to influenza hemagglutinin, but did not abolish it. Contrary to aptamer RHA0385, two of the designed aptamers were shown to be conformationally homogeneous, retaining high affinities and broad binding abilities for both recombinant hemagglutinins and whole influenza A viruses.

scholarly journals Age- and Strain-Related Differences in Bone Microstructure and Body Composition During Development in Inbred Male Mouse Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-443
Author(s):  
Maria Papageorgiou ◽  
Ursula Föger-Samwald ◽  
Katharina Wahl ◽  
Katharina Kerschan-Schindl ◽  
Peter Pietschmann
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Bone Microstructure ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Early Strain

AbstractWe explored age- and strain-related differences in bone microstructure and body composition in male C57BL/6J, DBA/2JRj and C3H/J mice. Bone microstructure of the femur, tibia and L4 was assessed by μCT at the age of 8, 16 and 24 weeks. The weight of several muscles and fat depots were measured at the same time points. At all timepoints, C3H/J mice had the thickest cortices followed by DBA/2JRj and C57BL/6J mice. Nevertheless, C57BL/6J mice had higher Tb.BV/TV and Tb.N, and lower Tb.Sp than DBA/2JRj and C3H/J mice at least at 24 weeks of age. Skeletal development patterns differed among strains. C57BL/6J and DBA/2JRj mice, but not C3H/J mice, experienced significant increases in the sum of the masses of 6 individual muscles by 24 weeks of age. In C57BL/6J and DBA/2JRj mice, the mass of selected fat depots reached highest values at 24 weeks, whist, in C3H/J mice, the highest values of fat depots masses were achieved at 16 weeks. Early strain differences in muscle and fat masses were largely diminished by 24 weeks of age. C3H/J and C57BL/6J mice displayed the most favorable cortical and trabecular bone parameters, respectively. Strain differences in body composition were less overt than strain specificity in bone microstructure, however, they possibly influenced aspects of skeletal development.

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