Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spore propagation using single spore as starter inoculum and a plant host

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 1556-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Selvakumar ◽  
C.C. Shagol ◽  
Y. Kang ◽  
B.N. Chung ◽  
S.G. Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
Plant Host

scholarly journals Bacteria Associated with Spores of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Glomus geosporum and Glomus constrictum

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 6673-6679 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Roesti ◽  
Kurt Ineichen ◽  
Olivier Braissant ◽  
Dirk Redecker ◽  
Andres Wiemken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Spore Wall ◽  
Wall Layer ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Glomus Geosporum

ABSTRACT Spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus geosporum and Glomus constrictum were harvested from single-spore-derived pot cultures with either Plantago lanceolata or Hieracium pilosella as host plants. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that the bacterial communities associated with the spores depended more on AMF than host plant identity. The composition of the bacterial populations linked to the spores could be predominantly influenced by a specific spore wall composition or AMF exudate rather than by specific root exudates. The majority of the bacterial sequences that were common to both G. geosporum and G. constrictum spores were affiliated with taxonomic groups known to degrade biopolymers (Cellvibrio, Chondromyces, Flexibacter, Lysobacter, and Pseudomonas). Scanning electron microscopy of G. geosporum spores revealed that these bacteria are possibly feeding on the outer hyaline spore layer. The process of maturation and eventual germination of AMF spores might then benefit from the activity of the surface microorganisms degrading the outer hyaline wall layer.

scholarly journals The occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota in Israeli soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszkowski ◽  
Beata Czerniawska
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Ammophila Arenaria ◽  
Plant Host

In December 1997 and June-July 2000, 49 and 113 rhizosphere soil and root mixtures were collected, respectively, to determine the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of the phylum Glomeromycota in different sites of Israel. Except for five samples taken from under cultivated plants, all the others came from under <em>Ammophila arenaria</em> and <em>Oenothera drummondii</em> colonizing sand dunes adjacent to the Mediterranean Sea. After a continuous cultivation of the mixtures in pot trap cultures with <em>Plantago lanceolata</em> as the plant host up to 2006 and their examination at least twice a year, spores of AMF were found in 41 and 103 cultures with the 1997 and 2000 soil and root mixtures, respectively. The spores represented 30 species and 8 undescribed morphotypes in 7 genera of the <em>Glomeromycota</em>. The AMF most frequently found in Israeli soils were <em>Glomus aurantium</em> and <em>G. constrictum</em>, followed by <em>G. coronatum</em>, <em>G. gibbosum</em>, an undescribed <em>Glomus</em> 178, and <em>Scutellospora dipurpurescens</em>. Up to 2001, 21 species of AMF were known to occur in Israel, and this paper increases this number to 33, of which 11 are new fungi for this country. Moreover, four species, <em>G. aurantium</em>, <em>G. drummondii</em>, <em>G. walkeri</em> and <em>G. xanthium</em>, were recently described as new for science based on spores isolated from Israeli soils. Additionally, the general distribution in the world of the formally described species found in Israel was presented.

scholarly journals Inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis modulates the relationship between root growth and nutrient content in maize (Zea mays ssp. mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rosario Ramírez-Flores ◽  
Elohim Bello-Bello ◽  
Rubén Rellán-Álvarez ◽  
Ruairidh J. H. Sawers ◽  
Víctor Olalde-Portugal
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Root System ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTPlant root systems play an essential role in nutrient and water acquisition. In resource-limited soils, modification of root system architecture is an important strategy to optimize plant performance. Most terrestrial plants also form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to maximize nutrient uptake. In addition to direct delivery of nutrients, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi benefit the plant host by promoting root growth. Here, we aimed to quantify the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on root growth and nutrient uptake in maize. Inoculated plants showed an increase in both biomass and the total content of twenty quantified elements. In addition, image analysis showed mycorrhizal plants to have denser, more branched root systems. For most of the quantified elements, the increase in content in mycorrhizal plants was proportional to root and overall plant growth. However, the increase in boron, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur and strontium was greater than predicted by root system size alone, indicating fungal delivery to be supplementing root uptake.

scholarly journals A simple and inexpensive method for producing and maintaining closed pot cultures of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Walker ◽  
Mauritz Vestberg
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Gaseous Exchange ◽  
Inexpensive Method ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
Ready Availability ◽  
Growth Chambers

Trials and experiments were carried out to develop and test a simple and inexpensive method for producing and maintaining pot cultures of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. A commercially available, transparent bag, incorporating a micro-filter to allow gaseous exchange, was successfully tested, and found to satisfy the basic requirements of low cost, ready availability, ease of use, and adaptability. Pot cultures were produced and maintained in various substrates with several different plants. The system can be used for producing trap cultures, or for initiating and maintaining pure (multi- and single-spore) ramets of mycorrhizal members of the Glomales in growth chambers and greenhouses. As well as providing a means for maintaining fungal ramet purity, the system has the advantage of requiring less watering and maintenance than open pot cultures.

scholarly journals Dependence of Arbuscular-Mycorrhizal Fungi on Their Plant Host for Palmitic Acid Synthesis

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 5341-5347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Trépanier ◽  
Guillaume Bécard ◽  
Peter Moutoglis ◽  
Claude Willemot ◽  
Serge Gagné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Plant Host

ABSTRACT Lipids are the major form of carbon storage in arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi. We studied fatty acid synthesis by Glomus intraradices and Gigaspora rosea. [14C]Acetate and [14C]sucrose were incorporated into a synthetic culture medium to test fatty acid synthetic ability in germinating spores (G. intraradices and G. rosea), mycorrhized carrot roots, and extraradical fungal mycelium (G. intraradices). Germinating spores and extraradical hyphae could not synthesize 16-carbon fatty acids but could elongate and desaturate fatty acids already present. The growth stimulation of germinating spores by root exudates did not stimulate fatty acid synthesis. 16-Carbon fatty acids (16:0 and 16:1) were synthesized only by the fungi in the mycorrhized roots. Our data strongly suggest that the fatty acid synthase activity of arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi is expressed exclusively in the intraradical mycelium and indicate that fatty acid metabolism may play a major role in the obligate biotrophism of arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi.

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