scholarly journals Effects of storage temperature and ensiling period on fermentation products, aerobic stability and microbial communities of total mixed ration silage

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 1687-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wang ◽  
N. Nishino
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Aerobic Stability

scholarly journals Evaluation of acidogenesis products’ effect on biogas production performed with metagenomics and isotopic approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Detman ◽  
Michał Bucha ◽  
Laura Treu ◽  
Aleksandra Chojnacka ◽  
Łukasz Pleśniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
Specific Species

Abstract Background During the acetogenic step of anaerobic digestion, the products of acidogenesis are oxidized to substrates for methanogenesis: hydrogen, carbon dioxide and acetate. Acetogenesis and methanogenesis are highly interconnected processes due to the syntrophic associations between acetogenic bacteria and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, allowing the whole process to become thermodynamically favorable. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the dominant acidic products on the metabolic pathways of methane formation and to find a core microbiome and substrate-specific species in a mixed biogas-producing system. Results Four methane-producing microbial communities were fed with artificial media having one dominant component, respectively, lactate, butyrate, propionate and acetate, for 896 days in 3.5-L Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) bioreactors. All the microbial communities showed moderately different methane production and utilization of the substrates. Analyses of stable carbon isotope composition of the fermentation gas and the substrates showed differences in average values of δ13C(CH4) and δ13C(CO2) revealing that acetate and lactate strongly favored the acetotrophic pathway, while butyrate and propionate favored the hydrogenotrophic pathway of methane formation. Genome-centric metagenomic analysis recovered 234 Metagenome Assembled Genomes (MAGs), including 31 archaeal and 203 bacterial species, mostly unknown and uncultivable. MAGs accounted for 54%–67% of the entire microbial community (depending on the bioreactor) and evidenced that the microbiome is extremely complex in terms of the number of species. The core microbiome was composed of Methanothrix soehngenii (the most abundant), Methanoculleus sp., unknown Bacteroidales and Spirochaetaceae. Relative abundance analysis of all the samples revealed microbes having substrate preferences. Substrate-specific species were mostly unknown and not predominant in the microbial communities. Conclusions In this experimental system, the dominant fermentation products subjected to methanogenesis moderately modified the final effect of bioreactor performance. At the molecular level, a different contribution of acetotrophic and hydrogenotrophic pathways for methane production, a very high level of new species recovered, and a moderate variability in microbial composition depending on substrate availability were evidenced. Propionate was not a factor ceasing methane production. All these findings are relevant because lactate, acetate, propionate and butyrate are the universal products of acidogenesis, regardless of feedstock.

scholarly journals Microbial Communities, Metabolites, Fermentation Quality and Aerobic Stability of Whole-Plant Corn Silage Collected from Family Farms in Desert Steppe of North China

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 784
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Lin Sun ◽  
Haiwen Xu ◽  
Na Na ◽  
Guomei Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
North China ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Lactobacillus Kefiri

Whole-plant corn silages on family farms were sampled in Erdos (S1), Baotou (S2), Ulanqab (S3), and Hohhot (S4) in North China, after 300 d of ensiling. The microbial communities, metabolites, and aerobic stability were assessed. Lactobacillusbuchneri, Acinetobacter johnsonii, and unclassified Novosphingobium were present at greater abundances than others in S2 with greater bacterial diversity and metabolites. Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus parafarraginis, Lactobacillus kefiri, and unclassified Lactobacillus accounted for 84.5%, and 88.2%, and 98.3% of bacteria in S1, S3, and S4, respectively. The aerobic stability and fungal diversity were greater in S1 and S4 with greater abundances of unclassified Kazachstania, Kazachstania bulderi, Candida xylopsoci, unclassified Cladosporium, Rhizopus microspores, and Candida glabrata than other fungi. The abundances of unclassified Kazachstania in S2 and K. bulderi in S3 were 96.2% and 93.6%, respectively. The main bacterial species in S2 were L. buchneri, A. johnsonii, and unclassified Novosphingobium; Lactobacillus sp. dominated bacterial communities in S1, S3, and S4. The main fungal species in S1 and S4 were unclassified Kazachstania, K. bulderi, C. xylopsoci, unclassified Cladosporium, R. microspores, and C. glabrata; Kazachstania sp. dominated fungal communities in S2 and S3. The high bacterial diversity aided the accumulation of metabolites, and the broad fungal diversity improved the aerobic stability.

Fermentation profile, microbial populations, taxonomic diversity and aerobic stability of total mixed ration silages based on Cactus and Gliricidia

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (5) ◽  
pp. 396-405
Author(s):  
F. N. S. Santos ◽  
E. M. Santos ◽  
J. S. Oliveira ◽  
G. R. Medeiros ◽  
A. M. Zanine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fermentation Profile

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Cactus (Opuntia spp) levels in total mixed ration silages based on Cactus and Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud) on the fermentation profile, microbial populations, aerobic stability and taxonomic diversity. The completely randomized design was used in a 4 × 4 factorial design with four replications, being four rations with different levels of Cactus (15, 30, 45, 60% based on the dry matter) and four opening periods (0, 15, 30 and 60 days of fermentation). An interaction effect (P < 0.050) was observed among the diets and opening times for mould and yeast populations. An interaction effect for the levels of acetic acid was observed, where the diets 15, 30, 45 and 60% showed higher values at 60 days (0.44, 0.41, 0.35 and 0.40 g/kg DM, respectively). A significant difference was observed for the richness and diversity index (Chao1 and Shannon). The most abundant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes and the genera Lactobacillus and Weissella. Cactus can be added in total mixed ration silages up to the level of 60% in a way that it positively affects the qualitative indicators of the silages, modulating the taxonomic communities and allowing the predominance of important groups for preservation of the ensiled mass.

scholarly journals Silage Fermentation, Bacterial Community, and Aerobic Stability of Total Mixed Ration Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed and Corn Stover Prepared with Different Additives

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1775
Author(s):  
Guangning Zhang ◽  
Xinpeng Fang ◽  
Guanzhi Feng ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Yonggen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Corn Gluten Feed ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
Wet Corn Gluten Feed ◽  
Gluten Feed

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different additives on the fermentation quality, bacterial community, and aerobic stability of total mixed ration (TMR) silage containing wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) and corn stover. The TMR was ensiled with four treatments: (1) no additive (control); (2) lactic acid bacteria (LAB); (3) fibrolytic enzyme (EN); (4) LAB + EN. The EN and LAB + EN decreased the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents. Additives led to a higher lactic acid (LA) content (p < 0.0001) compared to control at all ensiling times. Silages inoculated with LAB and LAB + EN had higher dry matter (p = 0.0007), LA (p < 0.0001) and acetic acid (AA) contents (p < 0.0001) compared to control. The LAB and LAB + EN had significantly lowest ammonia nitrogen among the treatments, while no significant difference occurred after days 7 of ensiling. Silages treated with LAB and LAB + EN had a higher LAB count (p < 0.0001) and a lower pH, yeast, and mold counts compared to other silages. The LAB and LAB + EN greatly increased the portions of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus (p < 0.0001, and p < 0.0001, respectively) and reduced undesirable bacteria. Inoculation with LAB + EN and LAB improved aerobic stability of TMR silages indicated by higher and more stable LA and AA contents, smaller rise in pH, and yeast count than other silages. The LAB + EN and LAB reduced microbial diversity and improved the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of TMR silage containing WCGF and corn stover.

scholarly journals Fluctuant storage temperature increased the heterogeneous distributions of pH and fermentation products in large round bale silage

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Wenlong Gou ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Fuyu Yang ◽  
Minghong You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Large Round

scholarly journals Effects of a chemical additive on the fermentation, microbial communities, and aerobic stability of corn silage with or without air stress during storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Érica B da Silva ◽  
Rebecca M Savage ◽  
Amy S Biddle ◽  
Stephanie A Polukis ◽  
Megan L Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Chemical Additive ◽  
Pichia Kudriavzevii ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Fermentation Profile

Abstract We evaluated the effects of a chemical additive on the microbial communities, fermentation profile, and aerobic stability of whole-plant corn silage with or without air stress during storage. Whole-plant corn was either untreated or treated with a chemical additive containing sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, and sodium nitrite at 2 or 3 liters/t of fresh forage weight. Ten individually treated and replicated silos (7.5 liters) were made for each treatment. Half of the silos remained sealed throughout a 63-d storage period, and the other half was subjected to air stress for 2 h/wk. The composition of the bacterial and fungal communities of fresh forage and silages untreated or treated with 2 liters/t of fresh forage weight was analyzed by Illumina Miseq sequencing. Treated silage had greater (P &lt; 0.05) aerobic stability than untreated, even when subjected to air stress during storage, but the numbers of yeasts culturable on selective agar were not affected. However, the additive reduced the relative abundance (RA) of the lactating-assimilating yeast Candida tropicalis (P &lt; 0.01). In air-stressed silages, untreated silage had a greater (P &lt; 0.05) RA of Pichia kudriavzevii (also a lactate assimilator) than treated silage, whereas treated silage was dominated by Candida humilis, which is usually unable to assimilate lactate or assimilates it slowly. The additive improved the aerobic stability by specifically preventing the dominance of yeast species that can consume lactate and initiate aerobic spoilage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that identifies the specific action of this additive on shifting the microbial communities in corn silage.

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