How the risk of failure in lifetime of tempered glass depends on the size of NiS inclusions and heat soak test duration

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-403
Author(s):  
Gabriele Pisano ◽  
Antonio Bonati ◽  
Gianni Royer Carfagni
Keyword(s):  
Test Duration ◽  
Tempered Glass ◽  
Risk Of Failure ◽  
Heat Soak Test

Better The Devil You Don't Know: preference for predictable or uncertain probabilities and the risk of failure

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ayton ◽  
Eugenio Alberdi ◽  
Lorenzo Strigini ◽  
David Wright
Keyword(s):  
Risk Of Failure ◽  
The Devil

Crack divergence phenomena in tempered glass

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-129
Author(s):  
Shin’ichi Aratani
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Acute Angle ◽  
Divergence Angle ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Tempered Glass ◽  
Thick Glass

High speed photography using the Cranz-Schardin camera was performed to study the crack divergence and divergence angle in thermally tempered glass. A tempered 3.5 mm thick glass plate was used as a specimen. It was shown that two types of bifurcation and branching existed as the crack divergence. The divergence angle was smaller than the value calculated from the principle of optimal design and showed an acute angle.

ENRICHING MEDIA MERCHANDISE SARANA PENUNJANG PROMOSI STUDI KASUS PADA BOOKSTORE

CCIT Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-436
Author(s):  
Dewi Immaniar ◽  
Sudaryono Sudaryono ◽  
Ayu Ningrum
Keyword(s):  
Visual Media ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Business World ◽  
Retail Business ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Types ◽  
The Times ◽  
A Company

Talk about retail business can not be separated from the importance of service to consumers and good quality goods . But at the present time due to intense competition in the business world , the service and quality of goods is not enough to be able to increase revenue and attract customers loyal . This makes companies think hard to survive and stable in the business . One of them is by using a media campaign in this regard more toward print or visual media is indirectly felt the value of their effectiveness in communicating product marketing programs . PT . Times Prima Indonesia is a company engaged in the retail book with the name of the Times bookstores . Based on the analysis of the company’s problems requires additional media types supporting more varied and creatif promotion of existing ones, which will be used as a complement and a media campaign as well as to enrich the data renewal campaign design to capture the interest of consumers in which one form of the media campaign is shaped merchandise . Therefore , do Enriching ( enrich ) media campaign merchandise before it is less varied and has not formed a company image . The methodology used is the analysis, observation and design . Besides the new design has been tested with the implemented test duration for 6 months, and greatly increases the perceived contribution , this is evidenced by the chart sales increasing each month.

Introduction to methods of describing the forecast on the risk of failure to the means of transport

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Henryk Tomaszek ◽  
Ryszard Kaleta ◽  
Mariusz Zieja
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Risk Of Failure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Preliminary Description

The paper is an attempt to describe the forecast on the risk of damages resulting from failures to the means of transport. It has been assumed that the product of the probability of failure (fault) occurrence and measures of effects thereof are to be used to estimate the risk. The below presented dependences that describe the risk of damages have been based on the failure rate. With the available literature as the basis, a preliminary description of the probability of a failure (fault) and the level of losses has been proposed. The paper gives dependences on short- and long-range risk forecasts. To determine the relationship for the probability of a failure (fault), the failure rate has been used.

PHYTOTOXICITY OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING CADMIUM (Cd) USING OLEANDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1231-1238
Author(s):  
Zeki & Ridha
Keyword(s):  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Plant Analysis ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Plant Shoots

This study was aimed to investigate the ability of N.oleander to remove Cadmium (Cd) from wastewater. A prolonged toxicity test was performed in a single exposure and run for 65 days with various concentrations of Cd. Plants were grown in sand medium and irrigated with simulated wastewater contaminated with Cd, using different concentrations (0, 10, 25, 50, 75 mg/L), which were chosen based on previous preliminary test. The results of physical observation of the plants didn’t show any withering symptoms. The Cd concentration in plants increased, while in water decreased. The results of plant analysis showed that Cd concentration in plant shoots (stems and leaves) was higher than that in roots for almost all exposure doses along the test duration. The concentration of Cd in water decreased significantly from the first week of the test and become (0 mg/l) on day-35 for 10 and 25 mg/l exposure doses, while exceeded the permissible limits for 50 and 75 mg/l exposure doses and were 0.14 and 0.91 mg/l, respectively. Wet weight and dry weight of Oleander decreased with increasing Cd concentration level except for 10 mg/l exposure dose where the plant wet weight and dry weight increased at the end of the test. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and Translocation Factor (TF) was found to be greater than 1, indicating that Oleander is a successful hyperaccumulator for Cd.

Uncertainty in air stripping tower design: implications of the air-to-water ratio

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
B.I. Dvorak ◽  
J.W. Schauble
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Air Stripping ◽  
Henry's Constant ◽  
True Value ◽  
Risk Of Failure ◽  
Process Failure ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Water Ratio

Environmental engineers are frequently faced with uncertainty in making design decisions because the true value of many process parameters is unknown. In this study, the design of countercurrent air stripping towers was modeled using fuzzy numbers, taking into account uncertainties in mass transfer and Henry's constant. It was found that, in addition to cost, the risk of failure is an important design consideration for stripping tower design. A significant over-design is both cost-effective and results in less risk of design failure. The air-to-water ratio that yielded the least risk of failure switched from low to high as the removal efficiency of the tower increased. An important result is that at lower removal efficiencies, tower design and operation is most sensitive to uncertainties in mass transfer and at higher removal efficiencies, tower design and operation is most sensitive to uncertainties in Henry's constant . The implication is that low air-to-water ratios are best when the regulatory target removal efficiency is low and/or when the uncertainty in the value of the contaminant's Henry's constant is larger than the uncertainty in the mass transfer coefficient value. Otherwise a high air-to-water ratio results in the least risk of process failure.

scholarly journals An Insight into Amorphous Shear Band in Magnetorheological Solid by Atomic Force Microscope

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4384
Author(s):  
Mohd Aidy Faizal Johari ◽  
Asmawan Mohd Sarman ◽  
Saiful Amri Mazlan ◽  
Ubaidillah U ◽  
Nur Azmah Nordin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Shear Band ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Relaxation Stress ◽  
Band Deformation

Micro mechanism consideration is critical for gaining a thorough understanding of amorphous shear band behavior in magnetorheological (MR) solids, particularly those with viscoelastic matrices. Heretofore, the characteristics of shear bands in terms of formation, physical evolution, and response to stress distribution at the localized region have gone largely unnoticed and unexplored. Notwithstanding these limitations, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to explore the nature of shear band deformation in MR materials during stress relaxation. Stress relaxation at a constant low strain of 0.01% and an oscillatory shear of defined test duration played a major role in the creation of the shear band. In this analysis, the localized area of the study defined shear bands as varying in size and dominantly deformed in the matrix with no evidence of inhibition by embedded carbonyl iron particles (CIPs). The association between the shear band and the adjacent zone was further studied using in-phase imaging of AFM tapping mode and demonstrated the presence of localized affected zone around the shear band. Taken together, the results provide important insights into the proposed shear band deformation zone (SBDZ). This study sheds a contemporary light on the contentious issue of amorphous shear band deformation behavior and makes several contributions to the current literature.

scholarly journals The Use of Artificial Hypoxia in Endurance Training in Patients after Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Nowak-Lis ◽  
Tomasz Gabryś ◽  
Zbigniew Nowak ◽  
Paweł Jastrzębski ◽  
Urszula Szmatlan-Gabryś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction

The presence of a well-developed collateral circulation in the area of the artery responsible for the infarction improves the prognosis of patients and leads to a smaller area of infarction. One of the factors influencing the formation of collateral circulation is hypoxia, which induces angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, which in turn cause the formation of new vessels. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of endurance training conducted under normobaric hypoxia in patients after myocardial infarction at the level of exercise tolerance and hemodynamic parameters of the left ventricle. Thirty-five patients aged 43–74 (60.48 ± 4.36) years who underwent angioplasty with stent implantation were examined. The program included 21 training units lasting about 90 min. A statistically significant improvement in exercise tolerance assessed with the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was observed: test duration (p < 0.001), distance covered (p < 0.001), HRmax (p = 0.039), maximal systolic blood pressure (SBPmax) (p = 0.044), peak minute ventilation (VE) (p = 0.004) and breathing frequency (BF) (p = 0.044). Favorable changes in left ventricular hemodynamic parameters were found for left ventricular end-diastolic dimension LVEDD (p = 0.002), left ventricular end-systolic dimension LVESD (p = 0.015), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p = 0.021), lateral e’ (p < 0.001), septal e’ (p = 0.001), and E/A (p = 0.047). Endurance training conducted in hypoxic conditions has a positive effect on exercise tolerance and the hemodynamic indicators of the left ventricle.

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