scholarly journals The Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System-65 years of building trust and sharing and a role model for global health security

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 566-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Zhang ◽  
John Wood
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Response System ◽  
Surveillance And Response

scholarly journals Surveillance for Severe Acute Respiratory Infection as one approach to enhance Global Health Security in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Ira Wignjadiputro ◽  
Ni Ketut Susilarini ◽  
Catharina Yekti Praptiningsih ◽  
Elvieda Sariwati ◽  
Vivi Setiawaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection

Latar Belakang: Sistem surveilans nasional untuk infeksi saluran pernafasan akut berat (SARI) dapatmemberikan informasi penting tentang sirkulasi virus influenza, menyediakan sistem untuk mengendalikankejadian luar biasa yang mengancam keamanan dan keselamatan masyarakat serta menyediakandata untuk sistem surveilans influenza global (GISRS). Kemampuan Indonesia untuk mendeteksi dan mengendalikanpenyakit menular penting untuk keamanan kesehatan dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenilai sistem surveilans ISPA berat Indonesia (SIBI) dan pemanfaatan untuk memantau patogen prioritaslainnya sebagai upaya meningkatkan keamanan kesehatan global. Metode: penilaian atribut surveilans melalui review laporan, analisis data dan interview staff yang terlibatdalam sistem surveilans. Semua kasus yang memenuhi kriteria SARI pada bulan Mei 2013 – April 2015 ikutserta dalam penelitian. Data epidemiologi dan virologi dianalisis. Kelengkapan dan kemudahan sistem untukmencapai tujuan surveilans influenza dan mendukung surveilans penyakit infeksi baru (emerging) dikaji. Hasil: Sebanyak 1,806 kasus SARI dan 1,697 (94%) spesimen dilakukan pemeriksaan virus influenza.Sebanyak 200 (12%) positif influenza, terdiri dari 46% influenza A(H3N2), 18% A(H1N1)pdm09 dan 37%influenza B. Hasil penilaian terhadap sistem surveilans didapatkan kesesuaian pelaksanaan untuk semuaatribut surveilans melebihi target >80%, kelengkapan laporan online 95%, kesesuaian kasus terhadapdefinisi kasus 100%, kasus yang diambil spesimen 94% dan hasil laboratorium diinput ke database secaraonline 100%. Sistem surveilans untuk dengue dan infeksi arbovirus lainnya sudah terlaksana di unitrawat jalan dan gawat darurat di sentinel SARI surveilans. Kesimpulan: SIBI dapat disesuaikan untuk menggabungkan surveilans penyakit lain yang menunjukkankegunaan dan fleksibilitas dalam mendukung keamanan kesehatan global. Kata kunci: keamanan kesehatan global, surveilans, influenza, Indonesia AbstractBackground: The existing national surveillance system for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) providescritical information on influenza virus circulation, provides a system to control influenza outbreaks that threatenthe safety and security of the population and feeds data into the global influenza surveillance and responsesystem (GISRS). Indonesia’s ability to detect and control communicable diseases is critical for global healthsecurity. The aim of this study was to assess the SARI surveillance system and utility for monitoring other prioritypathogens as an effort to enhance global health security. Methods: Surveillance attributes were assessed by reviewing records, data analysis and through interviewedwith staffs involved in the surveillance system. All patients at six sentinel hospitals who meet the SARI casedefinition during May 2013 – April 2015 were enrolled. Epidemiological and virological data were analyzed.The surveillance system utility for its influenza surveillance objectives and flexibility to support surveillance ofemerging infectious diseases were assessed. Resuts: A total of 1,806 SARI cases were reported of which 1,697 (94%) had specimens tested for influenza viruses.Of those tested, 200 (12%) were positive, of which 46% were influenza A(H3N2), 18% A(H1N1)pdm09and 37% influenza B viruses. The system exceeded the targets of >80% adherence for most attributes: 95% forcompleteness of online reporting, 100% for cases adhering to the case definition, 94% for cases with specimenscollected and 100% of laboratory results uploaded to the online database. A surveillance system for dengue andother arbovirus infections was established in the outpatient/emergency units at the SARI surveillance sentinel.Conclusion: SIBI was adjusted to incorporate surveillance for other priority diseases indicating its utility andflexibility to support global health security Keywords: Global Health Security, surveillance, influenza, Indonesia

scholarly journals An evaluation of the global health security agenda steering group governance interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
N E DeShore ◽  
J A Johnson ◽  
P Malone ◽  
R Greenhill ◽  
W Wuenstal
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Health System Performance ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Member States ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Global Health Security Agenda

Abstract Background Member States lack of compliance with 2005 IHR implementation led to the launched of the Global Health Security Agenda. This research will provide an understanding of how the Global Health Security Agenda Steering Group (GHSA SG) governance interventions impact health system performance and global health security. This will enhance the understanding of a Steering Group's governance interventions in complex Global Health initiatives. Research questions: To what extent have GHSA SG governance interventions contributed towards enabling health system performance of WHO Member States? To what extent have GHSA SG governance interventions contributed towards the implementation of global health security among WHO Member States? Methods Correlational analysis using Spearman's rho examined the relationship between governance, health system performance and global health security variables at one point in time. A convenience non-probability sample consisting of eight WHO Member States was used. SPSS Statistics generated the bivariate correlation analyzes. Results Governance and health system performance analysis indicated a statistically significant strong positive effect size in 11 out of 18 and moderate positive effect size in the remaining seven out of 18 health system performance indicators. Governance and global health security analysis concluded three of the governance indicators had strong and moderate positive coefficients. Global health security variables demonstrated weak effects in the remaining three governance indicators. Conclusions This study presents a case for health systems embedding in global health security. Health system performance is only as effective at protecting populations when countries achieve core capacities of preparedness and response to global health threats. The associations provide stakeholders information about key characteristics of governance that influence health system performance and global health security implementation. Key messages This study provides an argument for the continued support of the GHSA 2024 Framework with implementation of global health security capabilities and meeting 2005 IHR requirements. The GHSA SG governance role remains profoundly important in establishing sustainable efforts internationally towards achieving the objectives of the GHSA in support of the 2005 IHR standards.

Spread of Infections and Global Health Security

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-330
Author(s):  
Arnauld Nicogossian ◽  
Edward J. Septimus ◽  
Otmar Kloiber ◽  
Bonnie Stabile ◽  
Thomas Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security

scholarly journals The utilisation of tools to facilitate cross-border communication during international food safety events, 1995–2020: a realist synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Joseph Savelli ◽  
Raul Fernando Garcia Acevedo ◽  
Jane Simpson ◽  
Céu Mateus
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Realist Synthesis ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Programme Theory ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Communication And Coordination

AbstractEfficient communication and coordination are needed between countries to prevent, detect and respond to international food safety events. While communication tools, networks and systems exist, current evidence suggests that they are only useful within particular contexts and several only target specific geographic areas. There is a need to unpack and explore the mechanisms of how and in what context such communication tools and their components are effective at facilitating international communication and coordination to keep food safe and mitigate the burden of foodborne disease around the world.A realist synthesis was undertaken to understand how and why certain processes and structures of communication tools, used during international food safety events, influence their utility and effectiveness according to different contextual factors. The focus of this review was explanatory and aimed to develop and refine theory regarding how contextual factors trigger specific processes and mechanisms to produce outcomes. Using the realist context–mechanism–outcome configuration of theory development, a range of sources was used to develop an initial programme theory, including the authors’ experience, a scoping review of published papers and grey literature and input from an expert reference committee. Literature was then systematically located and synthesised from several databases with input from the expert reference committee to refine the programme theory.The programme theory developed indicates that when a country has interests in food import or export, has the technical infrastructure to detect and respond to food safety events, and is governed in accordance with regional and/or global laws and regulations relating to food control and global health security, then specific mechanisms will facilitate various outcomes. Mechanisms include trust, experience, support, awareness, understanding, a sense of community, standardisation and intersectoral collaboration. The outcomes include using communication tools to relay information abroad and the prevention of foodborne diseases, among others.Components of such communication tools may be adapted according to different contextual factors to promote, support and improve their use. Improving international coordination and communication during international food safety events is in the interest of global health security and can mitigate the global burden of foodborne disease.

Broken DNA of Global Health Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Rajiv Kumar Pathni
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Global Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Security Infrastructure ◽  
Sustainable Financing ◽  
New Framework

The COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc across the globe causing massive disruptions to life, liberty, and livelihoods. With more than 3.7 million deaths and a projected cumulative output loss of 28 trillion USD through 2025, it is evident that the extant global health security infrastructure is grossly inadequate. The current crisis has uncovered critical deficiencies in preparedness and response to epidemics and the predictive inability of current indices, underscoring the need for new framework and metrics. This paper argues for the global community to treat pandemics as a threat to global security to ensure mustering of political will and financial resources and to organize appropriate, rapid, and sustained domestic and international responses. A public-health-only approach without commensurate national and global security measures will continue to fail to prevent local outbreaks from becoming global catastrophes. A values-based geopolitical order with resolute global leadership, political will, sustainable financing, and solidarity is critical for the world's future.

Feminist Global Health Security

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Wenham
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Global Health Policy ◽  
Stratified Reproduction ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Disease Focus ◽  
Term Response

Feminist Global Health Security highlights the ways in which women are disadvantaged by global health security policy, through engagement with feminist concepts of visibility; social and stratified reproduction; intersectionality; and structural violence. The book argues that an approach focused on short-term response efforts to health emergencies fails to consider the differential impacts of outbreaks on women. This feminist critique focuses on the policy response to the Zika outbreak, which centred on limiting the spread of the vector through civic participation and asking women to defer pregnancy, actions that are inherently gendered and reveal a distinct lack of consideration of the everyday lives of women. The book argues that because global health security lacks a substantive feminist engagement, policies created to manage an outbreak of disease focus on protecting economies and state security and disproportionately fail to protect women. This state-based structure of global health security provides the fault-line for global health security and women. Women are both differentially infected and affected by epidemics and, the book argues: it was no coincidence that poor, black women living in low quality housing were most affected by the Zika outbreak. More broadly, it poses the question: What would global health policy look like if it were to take gender seriously, and how would this impact global disease control sustainability?

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