The New Third Generation: Post‐1965 Immigration and the Next Chapter in the Long Story of Assimilation

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1040-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás R. Jiménez ◽  
Julie Park ◽  
Juan Pedroza
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Socioeconomic Attainment ◽  
Household Characteristics ◽  
Asian Children ◽  
Second Generation Children

Now is the time for social scientists to focus an analytical lens on the new third generation to see what their experiences reveal about post‐1965 assimilation. This paper is a first step. We compare the household characteristics of post‐1965, second‐generation Latino and Asian children in 1980 to a “new third generation” in 2010. Today's new third generation is growing up in households headed by parents who have higher socioeconomic attainment; that are more likely to be headed by intermarried parents; that are less likely to contain extended family; and that, when living with intermarried parents, are more likely to have children identified with a Hispanic or Asian label compared to second‐generation children growing in 1980. We use these findings to inform a larger research agenda for studying the new third generation.

In Search of the New Second Generation: Alternative Strategies for Identifying Second Generation Children and Understanding Their Acquisition of English

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Oropesa ◽  
Nancy S. Landale
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Child Population ◽  
Socioeconomic Composition ◽  
American Society ◽  
Operational Criteria ◽  
Second Generation Children

Social scientists are devoting increasing attention to second-generation children for insights into the long-term consequences of immigration for American society. However, there is considerable disagreement over the operational criteria that should be used to determine membership in the second generation. Using the Public Use Microdata Sample of the 1990 U.S. Census, this study examines several issues. First, the implications of different operational criteria for descriptive analyses that focus on the size and composition of the second-generation child population are considered. We then assess whether different operational strategies have implications for multivariate analyses, especially those that focus on language skills. The results indicate that a key decision for most studies, except those that focus on socioeconomic composition, is how foreign-born children are classified. Foreign-born children should not be combined with native-born children on the grounds that they comprise the “de facto” second generation. Instead, researchers should make distinctions between the “decimal” generations to avoid obscuring diversity within the child population.

scholarly journals Growing Up Between Cultures: How Second-Generation Migrants Perceive and Construct “Home”

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
Francesca Celenta ◽  
Catharina Klausegger
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Reflective Practices ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Transnational Ties ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Feeling At Home ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

The word “home” can refer to a house, a family, a country, or even to a feeling of safety and comfort. Through increased mobility, the conception of home as a static place loses its meaning. For second-generation migrants, the children of migrants, the concept of home is ambiguous. They can have transnational ties to their parents’ home country and the country they grew up in. The ambiguity leads second-generation migrants to construct home through reflective practices. Through in-depth interviews with eight second-generation migrants, we found that home is necessarily a complex and varied concept. The most important aspects to constructing a home are family (nuclear as well as extended family), a sense of community through shared values, and lastly reflective practices on what it means to grow up between cultures. While nuclear family provides the first safe space to create a feeling of home, feeling like part of a community is essential for feeling at home in a town or country. Some second-generation migrants find a community in the country they grew up in, while others feel rejected due to discrimination. In those cases, second-generation migrants search for cosmopolitan communities that share values of openness to difference.

Language and the Second Generation: Bilingualism Yesterday and Today

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Portes ◽  
Richard Schauffler
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Children Of Immigrants ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Occupational Aspirations ◽  
Ethnic Concentration ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Residential Locations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Generation Children

The language adaptation of second generation children is explored in the context of the history of linguistic absorption and bilingualism in America. Strong nativist pressures toward monolingualism have commonly led to the extinction of immigrant languages in two or three generations. Contemporary fears of loss of English dominance are based on rapid immigration during recent decades and the emergence of linguistic enclaves in several cities around the country. This article explores the extent of language transition and the resilience of immigrant languages on the basis of data from south Florida, one of the areas most heavily affected by contemporary immigration. Results from a sample of 2,843 children of immigrants in the area indicate that: 1) knowledge of English is near universal; 2) preference for English is almost as high, even among children educated in immigrant-sponsored bilingual schools; 3) preservation of parental languages varies inversely with length of U.S. residence and residential locations away from areas of ethnic concentration. Hypotheses about other determinants of bilingualism are examined in a multivariate framework. The relationships of bilingualism to educational attainment and educational and occupational aspirations are also explored.

Sa1.4 Do third generation proximal femur nails have better outcome than second generation nails

Injury ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S16
Author(s):  
R. Armagan ◽  
T. Isik ◽  
M. Kanar ◽  
H.B. Sezer ◽  
O.T. Eren
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Third Generation

The Brown Mite, Bryobia arborea Morgan and Anderson (Acarina: Tetranychidae), on Apple in Nova Scotia.: I. Influence of Intratree Distribution on the Selection of Sampling Units. II. Differences in Habits and Seasonal Trends in Orchards With Bivoltine and Trivoltine Populations. III. Distribution of Diapause Eggs. IV. Hatching of Diapause Eggs

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1303-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
Sample Unit ◽  
The Third ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractIn Nova Scotia one leaf cluster with an adjoining 1 inch of twig taken from the inside of each of 10 apple trees replicated four times is an adequate sample unit to measure the density of the brown mite.The brown mite has one generation with a partial second in some orchards and one with a partial second and partial third in others. The first generation adults in the bivoltine and trivoltine populations lay summer eggs on the leaves and twigs, and diapause eggs on tin twigs. The second generation adults in the bivoltine populations lay only diapause eggs; in the trivoltine populations they lay both summer and diapause eggs. The adults of the third generation lay only diapause eggs.The brown mite is found on both the leaves and woody parts of the tree. In orchards with bivoltine populations the proportion of mites on leaves reached a peak of 80% by mid-July, but thereafter gradually decreased to 10% by the end of August. However, in orchards with trivoltine populations the proportion of mites on leaves reached a peak of 80 to 90% by mid-July, remained constant until mid-August, and thereafter decreased to approximately 40% by the end of August.The number of diapause eggs laid by adults of each generation in both the bivoltine and trivoltine populations varies widely. The eggs are deposited on the trunk as well as on the branches, with the heaviest deposition in the central area of the tree. The diapause eggs laid by adults of the first generation are the last to hatch and those laid by the third generation are the first to hatch the following spring.The factors responsible for the differences in the number of generations and in the number of diapause eggs laid are unknown.

scholarly journals Structures of designed armadillo-repeat proteins show propagation of inter-repeat interface effects

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Reichen ◽  
Chaithanya Madhurantakam ◽  
Simon Hansen ◽  
Markus G. Grütter ◽  
Andreas Plückthun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Peptide Recognition ◽  
Repeat Proteins ◽  
Peptide Binding Site ◽  
Armadillo Repeat ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Interface Effects

The armadillo repeat serves as a scaffold for the development of modular peptide-recognition modules. In order to develop such a system, three crystal structures of designed armadillo-repeat proteins with third-generation N-caps (YIII-type), four or five internal repeats (M-type) and second-generation C-caps (AII-type) were determined at 1.8 Å (His-YIIIM4AII), 2.0 Å (His-YIIIM5AII) and 1.95 Å (YIIIM5AII) resolution and compared with those of variants with third-generation C-caps. All constructs are full consensus designs in which the internal repeats have exactly the same sequence, and hence identical conformations of the internal repeats are expected. The N-cap and internal repeats M1to M3are indeed extremely similar, but the comparison reveals structural differences in internal repeats M4and M5and the C-cap. These differences are caused by long-range effects of the C-cap, contacting molecules in the crystal, and the intrinsic design of the repeat. Unfortunately, the rigid-body movement of the C-terminal part impairs the regular arrangement of internal repeats that forms the putative peptide-binding site. The second-generation C-cap improves the packing of buried residues and thereby the stability of the protein. These considerations are useful for future improvements of an armadillo-repeat-based peptide-recognition system.

Assimilation of the Puerto Ricans on the Mainland

1968 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
John J. Macisco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Labor Force Status ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
First And Second Generation

Social scientists have repeatedly tried to specify the process whereby assimilation takes place. This article points out the value of socio-demographic analysis in the study of assimilation, by describing the characteristics of Puerto Ricans on the United States mainland. In order to assess the direction of change between the first and second generation Puerto Ricans, data for the total United States population are also presented. Most of the data are drawn from the 1960 Census. First generation Puerto Ricans are compared with the second generation along the following dimensions: age, education, labor force status, income, occupation, age at first marriage, percent outgroup marriage and fertility. The Author concludes that second generation Puerto Ricans are moving in the direction of total United States averages.

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