scholarly journals Correlation among fecal indicator bacteria and physicochemical parameters with the presence ofHelicobacter pyloriDNA in raw and drinking water from Bogotá, Colombia

Helicobacter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. e12582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidson‐Juarismy Vesga ◽  
Yolanda Moreno ◽  
María Antonia Ferrús ◽  
Lina María Ledesma‐Gaitan ◽  
Claudia Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Indicator

scholarly journals Springing for Safe Water: Drinking Water Quality and Source Selection in Central Appalachian Communities

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Patton ◽  
Leigh-Anne Krometis ◽  
Emily Sarver
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Source Selection

Issues surrounding water infrastructure, access, and quality are well documented in the Central Appalachian region of the United States. Even in cases where residents have in-home piped point-of-use (POU) water, some rely on alternative drinking water sources for daily needs—including water collection from roadside springs. This effort aims to better understand and document spring usage in this region by identifying the factors that influence drinking water source selection and comparing household and spring water quality to Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) health-based and aesthetic contaminant recommendations. Households were recruited from communities surrounding known springs in three states (Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia). First- and second-draw, in-home POU tap water samples were collected from participating households and compared to samples collected from local springs on the same day. Samples were analyzed for fecal indicator bacteria and inorganic ions. Study participants completed surveys to document perceptions of household drinking water and typical usage. The majority of survey participants (82.6%) did not trust their home tap water due to aesthetic issues. Water quality results suggested that fecal indicator bacteria were more common in spring water, while several metallic ions were recovered in higher concentrations from household samples. These observations highlight that health risks and perceptions may be different between sources.

scholarly journals Monitoring Waterborne Pathogens in Surface and Drinking Waters. Are Water Treatment Plants (WTPs) Simultaneously Efficient in the Elimination of Enteric Viruses and Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB)?

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2824
Author(s):  
Daniel Salvador ◽  
Maria Filomena Caeiro ◽  
Fátima Serejo ◽  
Paulo Nogueira ◽  
Rui Neves Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Monitoring the quality of water is a requisite to prevent outbreaks related to waterborne diseases, predominantly caused by pathogens like enteric viruses, usually transmitted via the fecal-oral route. This study aimed to survey a group of enteric viruses (Enterovirus, Norovirus genogroups I and II, and hepatitis A virus) in two surface water sources of drinking water, also intending to evaluate the extent of their elimination in the two water treatment plants (WTPs) involved in drinking water production. Correlations between these viruses and fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) were also evaluated. Positive samples for viral RNA were recurrently found by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and quantified, in genomic copies per liter (gc/L) of sampled water. Viral RNAs were detected in 14 out of 27 samples of surface water, and 21 out of 36 samples of drinking water, NoV II having been the most frequently detected in both (0–78.6 gc/L and 0–12.5 gc/L, respectively). Both WTPs showed variable efficacies in the elimination of viral RNA. Only one correlation was found with FIB, between NoV II and intestinal enterococci. These results recommend the monitoring of enteric viruses over time and their inclusion in the mandatory analysis of water quality.

scholarly journals Quantitative real-time PCR does not reliably detect single fecal indicator bacteria in drinking water

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1674-1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Krapf ◽  
Roger Michael Kuhn ◽  
Peter Kauf ◽  
Corinne Helene Gantenbein-Demarchi ◽  
Lars Fieseler
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Cell Counts

The microbial quality of drinking and environmental water is usually determined by culture-based detection of fecal indicator bacteria according to ISO reference methods 16649-1 and 7899-2, respectively. Because of an increasing demand for rapid, culture-independent methods, we tested three quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) approaches for the simultaneous detection of both, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp., using either 16S rRNA or 16S rDNA as a target molecule. Filter sterilized drinking water was artificially contaminated with bacteria from either high or low nutrient culture conditions and directly analyzed after membrane filtration without any other enrichment. Depending on the culture condition used, qPCR analyses revealed a lower limit of detection of 1–10 E. coli/100 ml and 10–100 E. faecalis/100 ml, respectively. In addition, the microbial quality of different surface water samples was monitored. The analyses revealed a clear correlation between viable cell counts and qPCR data. However, the safe and reliable detection of 1 CFU/100 ml failed.

scholarly journals Fecal Indicator Bacteria Data to Characterize Drinking Water Quality in Low-Resource Settings: Summary of Current Practices and Recommendations for Improving Validity

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2353
Author(s):  
Mustafa Sikder ◽  
Elena N. Naumova ◽  
Anthonia O. Ogudipe ◽  
Mateo Gomez ◽  
Daniele Lantagne
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Fecal Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Evidence Quality ◽  
Disease Risks

Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) values are widely used to assess microbial contamination in drinking water and to advance the modeling of infectious disease risks. The membrane filtration (MF) testing technique for FIB is widely adapted for use in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We conducted a systematic literature review on the use of MF-based FIB data in LMICs and summarized statistical methods from 172 articles. We then applied the commonly used statistical methods from the review on publicly available datasets to illustrate how data analysis methods affect FIB results and interpretation. Our findings indicate that standard methods for processing samples are not widely reported, the selection of statistical tests is rarely justified, and, depending on the application, statistical methods can change risk perception and present misleading results. These results raise concerns about the validity of FIB data collection, analysis, and presentation in LMICs. To improve evidence quality, we propose a FIB data reporting checklist to use as a reminder for researchers and practitioners.

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