R&D, Socio-Economic Conditions, and Regional Innovation in the U.S

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Crescenzi ◽  
Andrés Rodríguez-Pose
Keyword(s):  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals President Obama, poverty, and the scope and limits of social policy change

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Waddan
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Medicaid Program ◽  
President Obama ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poverty Measures ◽  
The Us ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThere has been a growing discussion in recent years about rising inequality in the U.S. Yet, this discourse, in focusing on the fortunes of the top 1%, distracted attention from the design of policy initiatives aimed at improving socio-economic conditions for the poor. This paper examines the development of anti-poverty politics and policy in the US during the Obama era. It analyses how effective the strategies and programmes adopted were and asks how they fit with models of policy change. The paper illustrates that the Obama administration did adopt an array of anti-poverty measures in the stimulus bill, but these built on existing programmes rather than create new ones and much of the effort was stymied by institutional obstacles. The expansion of the Medicaid program, which was part of the ACA, was also muted by institutional opposition, but it was a more path breaking reform than is often appreciated.

Pakistan in 2010

Asian Survey ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Christine Fair
Keyword(s):  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
Exit Strategy ◽  
Personal Power ◽  
Military Action ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
Civilian Leadership ◽  
The U.S

The 2010 floods exacerbated Pakistan's lingering domestic weaknesses including fraught civil-military relations, perilous economic conditions, and the ineptitude of the civilian government. While a military coup is unlikely anytime soon, army chief Ashfaq Pervez Kayani continues to consolidate his personal power, despite his cultivated democratic credentials, and that of the army, at the expense of the civilian leadership. The differences in the strategic interests of Pakistan and the U.S. seem stark, especially as the latter seeks to develop an exit strategy that would permit a cessation of its military action in Afghanistan.

scholarly journals Location Choice Behavior of Gulf of Mexico Shrimpers under Dynamic Economic Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Ran ◽  
Walter R. Keithly ◽  
Richard F. Kazmierczak
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Location Choice ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Mixed Logit Model ◽  
The U.S

This study uses a mixed logit model to analyze monetary and nonmonetary factors that influence location choice behavior of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico shrimpers. Shrimpers' responses to economic conditions are compared and contrasted for two periods related to changing economic conditions in the industry. Results show that even though shrimpers are generally revenue driven in choosing a fishing site, their past experience also plays an important role. Further, changes in economic conditions appear to exhibit an influence on the risk attitudes of some shrimpers.

scholarly journals Economic Conditions And The SECs Enforcement Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Nourayi
Keyword(s):  
Securities Market ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Regulatory Behavior ◽  
Economic Downturns ◽  
Business Behavior ◽  
The U.S

This study analyzes enforcement activities of the U.S. Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) in conjunction with changes in economic conditions. Neoclassical regulatory theorists argue that regulators are pro-business during periods of economic downturn. However, within the securities market and the regulated reporting environments violations tend to increase during contraction periods. Therefore, more intense enforcement activities seem appropriate during such periods. The intensity of SEC enforcement activities, subject to economic conditions, is examined based on the number of litigation releases issued by the Commission over a twenty year (1972-1991) period. The test of regulatory behavior revealed that enforcement activities are more intense during economic downturns. Thus the theory that regulators exhibit pro-business behavior during economic contraction is not supported by the results of this study.

Push/Pull in Recent Mexican Migration to the U.S.

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Craig Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Mexican Migration ◽  
Alien Invasion ◽  
The U.S

Interpretations of the “alien invasion” of illegal Mexican immigrants center around two positions: a “push” and a “pull” theory. Treating the migration as a labor migration, a set of hypotheses is tested dealing with economic conditions in the U.S. and Mexico for the 1948–1972 period. The “push” of conditions in Mexico accounts better for the migration than the “pulls” of economic opportunity in the U.S. The out-migration is traced to institutional changes deriving from economic development in Mexico, especially to governmental policies fostering private agricultural development and discouraging peasant agriculture.

scholarly journals Implementation of Innovation Development Models in Agrarian Sphere of Economy at the North Caucasian Federal District, Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1620-1626
Author(s):  
Karina Mikhailovna Baliyants
Keyword(s):  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
The North ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
State Financing ◽  
Agroindustrial Complex

The present paper aims to analyse the problems of the innovation development component in the agricultural economy of the North Caucasian Federal District of the Russian Federation in terms of the operational settings of agroeconomic systems, facilities of economic entities, organisational and economic mechanisms, managerial function and prioritisation of innovation directions. The current aspects of innovation-driven development of the regional agroindustrial complex are discussed. Priorities of innovation development in agriculture and related industries of the agroindustrial complex of the North Caucasian Federal District are proposed, based on the technological reequipment of agroindustrial enterprises, instituting the innovation-driven mechanism of agroindustrial operations, building up the information, people and financial support of the innovation development system of the agroindustrial complex, ensuring proper economic conditions for implementing innovation programmes and projects, state financing of innovation activities, broad attraction of investment and improving solvency. The practical implementation of innovations should rely on a built system of regional innovation-driven development, clear and structured iterations in adopting all groups of innovations in agroindustrial sectors based on centralised vertical alignment between all branches of government and horizontal cross-departmental cooperation. A crucial regulatory role in this process should be played by government structures across economic and education sectors closely tied with agroindustrial production. Effective implementation of innovation policies will depend on ensuring proper economic conditions for putting forward innovation programmes and projects, on the availability of state funding to support innovation activities, attracting investment in the innovation sphere, advancing entrepreneurship and commercialisation of innovation projects. The identification of factors inhibiting the adoption of innovation in the agroeconomy of the North Caucasian Federal District and current trends in innovation activities of enterprises and operations suggests a conclusion concerning the need for a systemic approach to innovation in the region taking into account national interests and makes the basis for further proposals of scientifically-based directions of economic transformations and coordination of efforts between all government structures engaged in this process and responsible for solving these tasks. The findinmgs of this paper can be used by the control bodies of the regional agroindustrial complex, by the students of agricultural colleges and other public and private entities of the North Caucasian Federal District for better economic transformations and coordination.

Partisan Bias, Economic Expectations, and Household Spending

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Atif Mian ◽  
Amir Sufi ◽  
Nasim Khoshkhou
Keyword(s):  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Large Shift ◽  
Partisan Bias ◽  
White House ◽  
Household Spending ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Expectations ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The well-documented rise in political polarization among the U.S. electorate over the past 20 years has been accompanied by a substantial increase in the effect of partisan bias on survey-based measures of economic expectations. Individuals have a more optimistic view on future economic conditions when they are more closely affiliated with the party that controls the White House, and this tendency has increased significantly over time. Individuals report a large shift in economic expectations based on partisan affiliation after the 2008 and 2016 elections, but administrative data on spending shows no effect of these shifts on actual household spending.

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