Association of dietary protein intake with skeletal muscle mass in older adults: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinori Yaegashi ◽  
Takashi Kimura ◽  
Takumi Hirata ◽  
Akiko Tamakoshi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake

scholarly journals Dietary Protein Requirement Threshold and Micronutrients Profile in Healthy Older Women Based on Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3076
Author(s):  
Praval Khanal ◽  
Lingxiao He ◽  
Hans Degens ◽  
Georgina K. Stebbings ◽  
Gladys L. Onambele-Pearson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake

Although multiple nutrients have shown protective effects with regard to preserving muscle function, the recommended amount of dietary protein and other nutrients profile on older adults for maintenance of high muscle mass is still debatable. The aims of this paper were to: (1) identify dietary differences between older women with low and high relative skeletal muscle mass, and (2) identify the minimal dietary protein intake associated with high relative skeletal muscle mass and test the threshold ability to determine an association with skeletal muscle phenotypes. Older women (n = 281; 70 ± 7 years, 65 ± 14 kg), with both low and high relative skeletal muscle mass groups, completed a food questionnaire. Skeletal muscle mass, fat-free mass (FFM), biceps brachii thickness, vastus lateralis anatomical cross-sectional area (VLACSA), handgrip strength (HGS), maximum elbow flexion torque (MVCEF), maximum knee extension torque (MVCKE), muscle quality (HGS/Body mass), and fat mass were measured. Older women with low relative skeletal muscle mass had a lower daily intake of protein, iodine, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), Vit E, manganese, milk, fish, nuts and seeds (p < 0.05) compared to women with high relative skeletal muscle mass. The minimum required dietary protein intake for high relative skeletal muscle mass was 1.17 g/kg body mass/day (g/kg/d) (sensitivity: 0.68; specificity: 0.62). Women consuming ≥1.17 g/kg/d had a lower BMI (B = −3.9, p < 0.001) and fat mass (B = −7.8, p < 0.001), and a higher muscle quality (B = 0.06, p < 0.001). The data indicate that to maintain muscle mass and function, older women should consume ≥1.17 g/kg/d dietary protein, through a varied diet including milk, fish and nuts that also contain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and micronutrients such as iodine, Vit E and manganese.

scholarly journals Association between Protein Intake and Skeletal Muscle Mass among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese: Results from the DOSANCO Health Study: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Akinori Yaegashi ◽  
Takashi Kimura ◽  
Takumi Hirata ◽  
Shigekazu Ukawa ◽  
Koshi Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Vegetable Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Whether the source of dietary protein intake is related to appendicular skeletal muscle mass (AMM) and muscle mass (MM) remains unclear. We conducted this cross-sectional study of 277 residents (115 men, 162 women) aged ≥65 years in Japan to examine the association of the amount of dietary protein intake with AMM and MM. We measured dietary protein intake using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. AMM and MM were assessed based on bioelectrical impedance. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to estimate β coefficients that were adjusted for potential confounders. Among Japanese women aged ≥75 years, but not among women aged 65–74 years, dietary animal protein intake was significantly associated with AMM (β (95% confidence interval (CI)): 0.25 (0.10, 0.40)) and MM (β (95% CI): 0.40 (0.16, 0.64)). However, dietary vegetable protein intake was not associated with AMM (β (95% CI): −0.17 (−0.74, 0.41)) and MM (β (95% CI): −0.30 (−1.23, 0.63)). Furthermore, in men aged ≥65 years, dietary protein intake was not associated with AMM or MM. In conclusion, dietary animal protein intake, but not vegetable protein intake, were positively associated with AMM and MM among this population of Japanese women aged ≥75 years.

scholarly journals Impact of Meeting Different Guidelines for Protein Intake on Muscle Mass and Physical Function in Physically Active Older Women

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Nilsson ◽  
Diego Montiel Rojas ◽  
Fawzi Kadi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Physical Limitations

The role of dietary protein intake on muscle mass and physical function in older adults is important for the prevention of age-related physical limitations. The aim of the present study was to elucidate links between dietary protein intake and muscle mass and physical function in older women meeting current guidelines of objectively assessed physical activity. In 106 women (65 to 70 years old), protein intake was assessed using a 6-day food record and participants were classified into high and low protein intake groups using two Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) thresholds (0.8 g·kg−1 bodyweight (BW) and 1.1 g·kg−1 BW). Body composition, aerobic fitness, and quadriceps strength were determined using standardized procedures, and self-reported physical function was assessed using the SF-12 Health Survey. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry and self-report. Women below the 0.8 g·kg−1 BW threshold had a lower muscle mass (p < 0.05) with no differences in physical function variables. When based on the higher RDA threshold (1.1 g·kg−1 BW), in addition to significant differences in muscle mass, women below the higher threshold had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher likelihood of having physical limitations. In conclusion, the present study supports the RDA threshold of 0.8 g·kg−1 BW of proteins to prevent the loss of muscle mass and emphasizes the importance of the higher RDA threshold of at least 1.1 g·kg−1 BW to infer additional benefits on constructs of physical function. Our study also supports the role of protein intake for healthy ageing, even in older adults meeting guidelines for physical activity.

Sarcopenia—definitions and epidemiology

2017 ◽  
pp. 409-414
Author(s):  
José A. Morais
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Sarcopenia is a progressive and inevitable loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength associated with ageing that places older adults at high risk for adverse health outcomes. Up to of 15% of older adults suffer negative healthcare consequences because of sarcopenia. Furthermore, it is responsible for two to four times greater risk of disability. Expert groups have proposed clinical oriented criteria based on gait speed <0.8 m/s and low handgrip strength before performing muscle mass assessment. Multiple aetiologies are implicated in the development of sarcopenia including age-related, lifestyle, neurodegeneration, hormonal, and inflammation factors. Resistance exercise training and higher than recommended protein intake are two accessible means to counteract sarcopenia. Hormonal interventions, despite amelioration in muscle and fat masses, have not led to significant gains in function. Sarcopenia shares many features with frailty and can be considered as one of its underlying mechanisms.

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