scholarly journals Genotypic diversity effects on biomass production in native perennial bioenergy cropping systems

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1000-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey P. Morris ◽  
Zhenbin Hu ◽  
Paul P. Grabowski ◽  
Justin O. Borevitz ◽  
Marie-Anne de Graaff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Bioenergy Cropping Systems ◽  
Diversity Effects

Diverse perennial crop mixtures sustain higher productivity over time based on ecological complementarity

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentín D. Picasso ◽  
E. Charles Brummer ◽  
Matt Liebman ◽  
Philip M. Dixon ◽  
Brian J. Wilsey
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Complementarity Effect ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Diversity Effects ◽  
Over Time

AbstractCropping systems that rely on renewable energy and resources and are based on ecological principles could be more stable and productive into the future than current monoculture systems with serious unintended environmental consequences such as soil erosion and water pollution. In nonagricultural systems, communities with higher species diversity have higher productivity and provide other ecosystem services. However, communities of well-adapted crop species selected for biomass production may respond differently to increasing diversity. Diversity effects may be due to complementarity among species (complementary resource use and facilitative interactions) or positive selection effects (e.g., species with higher productivity dominate the mixture), and these effects may change over time or across environments. Our goal was to identify the ecological mechanisms causing diversity effects in a biodiversity experiment using agriculturally relevant species, and evaluate the implications for the design of sustainable cropping systems. We seeded seven perennial forage species in a replicated field experiment at two locations in Iowa, USA, and evaluated biomass productivity of monocultures and two- to six-species mixtures over 3 years after the establishment year under management systems of contrasting intensity: one or three harvests per year. Productivity increased with seeded species richness in all environments, and the positive relationship did not change over time. Polyculture overyielding was due to complementarity among species in the community rather than to selection effects of individual species. Complementarity increased as a log-linear function of species richness in all environments, and this trend was consistent across years. Legume–grass facilitation may explain much of this complementarity effect. Although individual species with high biomass production had a major effect on productivity of mixtures, the species producing the highest biomass in monoculture changed over the years in most environments. Furthermore, transgressive overyielding was observed and was more prevalent in later years, in some environments. We conclude that choosing a single well-adapted species for maximizing productivity may not be the best alternative over the long term and that high levels of species diversity should be included in the design of productive and ecologically sound agricultural systems.

Above- and Below-ground Biomass Production in Corn and Prairie Bioenergy Cropping Systems

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Z. Liebman ◽  
Meghann Elizabeth Jarchow ◽  
Ranae N. Dietzel ◽  
David N. Sundberg
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Bioenergy Cropping Systems

scholarly journals Deciphering Substrate-Specific Methane Yields of Perennial Herbaceous Wild Plant Species

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Moritz von Cossel ◽  
Lorena Agra Pereira ◽  
Iris Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Wild Plant Species ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Bioenergy Cropping Systems

The global demand for plant biomass to provide bioenergy and heat is continuously increasing because of a growing interest among many industrialized and developing countries towards climate sound and renewable energy supply. The exacerbation of land-use conflicts proliferates social-ecological demands on future bioenergy cropping systems. Perennial herbaceous wild plant mixtures (WPMs) represent an approach to providing social-ecologically more sustainably produced biogas substrate that has gained increasing public and political interest only in recent years. The focus of this study lies on three perennial wild plant species (WPS) that usually dominate the biomass yield performance of WPM cultivation. These WPS were compared with established biogas crops in terms of their substrate-specific methane yield (SMY) and lignocellulosic composition. The plant samples were investigated in a small-scale mesophilic discontinuous biogas batch test for determining the SMY. All WPS were found to have significantly lower SMY (241.5–248.5 lN kgVS−1) than maize (337.5 lN kgVS−1). This was attributed to higher contents of lignin (9.7–12.8% of dry matter) as well as lower contents of hemicellulose (9.9–11.5% of dry matter) in the WPS. Only minor, non-significant differences to cup plant and Virginia mallow were observed. Thus, when planning WPS as a diversification measure in biogas cropping systems, their lower SMY should be considered.

Erratum to “Soil carbon stocks in different bioenergy cropping systems including subsoil” [Soil Tillage Res. 155 (2016) 308–317]

2016 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Martin Gauder ◽  
Norbert Billen ◽  
Sabine Zikeli ◽  
Moritz Laub ◽  
Simone Graeff-Hönninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Carbon Stocks ◽  
Bioenergy Cropping Systems

scholarly journals Impact of Different Barley-Based Cropping Systems on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Barley Growth under Conventional and Conservation Tillage Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Noman Mehboob ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Shahid Farooq ◽  
Shahid Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Area Index

This two-year study observed the influence of various barley-based cropping systems on soil physicochemical properties, allometric traits and biomass production of barley sown under different tillage systems. Barley was cultivated in different cropping systems (CS), i.e., fallow-barley (fallow-B), maize-barley (maize-B), cotton-barley (cotton-B), mungbean-barley (mungbean-B) and sorghum-barley (sorghum-B) under zero tillage (ZT), minimum tillage (MT), strip tillage (ST), conventional tillage (CT) and bed-sowing (BS). Interaction between different CS and tillage systems (TS) positively influenced soil bulk density (BD), total porosity, available phosphorus (P), ammonical and nitrate nitrogen (NH4-N and NO3-N), available potassium (K), allometric traits and biomass production of barley. The highest soil BD along with lower total porosity were noted in ZT leading to lesser leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), specific leaf area (SLA), crop growth rate (CGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) of barley. Nonetheless, bed-sown barley produced the highest biomass due to better crop allometry and soil physical conditions. The highest postharvest soil available P, NH4-N, NO3-N, and K were recorded for zero-tilled barley, while BS followed by CT recorded the lowest nutrient contents. Barley in mungbean-B CS with BS produced the highest biomass, while the lowest biomass production was recorded for barely sown in fallow-B cropping system with ZT. In conclusion, barley sown after mungbean (mungbean-B cropping system) with BS seems a pragmatic choice for improving soil fertility and subsequently soil health.

Functional and phylogenetic diversity explain different components of diversity effects on biomass production

Oikos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (8) ◽  
pp. 1185-1195
Author(s):  
Mengjiao Huang ◽  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Marc W. Cadotte ◽  
Shurong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Functional And Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Effects

scholarly journals Energy performances of intensive and extensive short rotation cropping systems for woody biomass production in the EU

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 845-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Njakou Djomo ◽  
A. Ac ◽  
T. Zenone ◽  
T. De Groote ◽  
S. Bergante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
The Eu
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